By means of studying the geochemistry of basalt in the Gangtangcuo area, central Qiangtang, Tibet, the authors found that there are two types of basalt: OIB-type basalt and E-MORB-type basalt. And based on geochemical diagram analysis to study major elements, rare earth elements, trace element and tectonic significance of the two types basalt, combined with regional geological background, the authors think Permian basalt in the area formed in an oceanic island environment, and may be subject to mantle plume magmatism response. E-MORB-type basalt was an indication that there may be oceanic plateaus in the area.