In this paper, the authors confirm the basin-and-range structural framework evolvement and provenance system of Carboniferous to Permian in Badanjaran Basin. The authors analyze the content and the combined characteristic of clastic heavy mineral in sections of different depression belts of Carboniferous to Permian. The results of the heavy minerals in Badanjaran Basin didn’t suffer long-distance transport and the heavy minerals combination are different in different secondary units of different periods. In Carboniferous, the combination forms are zircon+apatite in Hongshishan-Heiyingshan depression, zircon+rutile+apatite+tourmaline in Hongliudaquan depression, zircon + rutile+apatite+tourmaline+garnet in Xilinhaote depression with garnet’s drastically increasing upwards and zircon+rutile+apatite+ tourmaline in Zhusileng depression.