A new scaphognathine pterosaur: Fenghuangopterus lii gen. et sp. nov. is erected based on an incomplete skeleton. It comes from the Middle Jurassic Tiaojishan Formation of the western Liaoning. It is characterized by more than 11 pairs of the upper jaw teeth, and the last tooth is located far posteriorly in the jaw, under the postoventral corner of the antorbital opening, metacarpal IV length is about 55% that of the humerus. The discovery of Fenghuangopterus not only adds a new member of scaphognathine pterosaurs, but also provides much more information on the paleogeographical distribution. It represents the earliest scaphognathine pterosaur known. It plays a key role in understanding the origin and evolution of scaphognathine pterosaurs.