Emerald mines were first discovered in Xinjiang, with excellent texture and good prospect. In this paper, basic geological features of emerald (beryl) mineral in Xinjiang including geological characteristics of the regional, mining and ore body, and study to mineralogy of the mineral-calcite, feldspar, tourmaline and rutile which closely related with the emerald were discussed. With Polarizing microscope and electron microprobe methods, mineralogical characteristics of the calcite, feldspar, tourmaline and rutile and their relation with the formation of emerald were summarized.