贵州七星洞石笋记录的最近2300年气候和环境变化
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摘要
基于贵州都匀七星洞石笋(QX-3)8个~(230)Th年代数据和414个δ~(18)O数据建立了研究区过去2360年、分辨率约为5年的石笋氧同位素时间序列。七星洞石笋QX-3δ~(18)O记录与灰度记录高度相关,表明石笋灰度值的变化亦可作为重建古气候和古环境的一个替代指标。功率谱分析显示石笋QX-3δ~(18)O序列具有显著的24~20 a和12~10 a周期,与树轮Δ~(14)C周期有很好对应,为太阳辐射驱动气候变化假说提供又一重要证据。亚洲季风区万象洞、黄爷洞、和尚洞、七星洞和董哥洞的δ~(18)O年代序列曲线对比显示,在长时间尺度上各洞穴的δ~(18)O记录均表现出较一致的气候环境变化特征;但在百年到数十年尺度上存在一定差异,这可能指示了区域降水对亚洲季风变化的响应差异。
Based on 8 accurately dated ~(230)Th ages and 414 stable oxygen isotope compositions(δ~(18)O)obtained from the stalagmite QX-3 from Qixing Cave,Duyun City,Guizhou Province,a 5-year resolution oxygen isotope profile of the past 2300 years was established,which likely documented the precipitation changes at the cave site.Using the scanned image,the grayscale of the polished section of the stalagmite QX-3 was also attained.The grayscale profile of the stalagmite was highly correlated with the δ~(18)O series,indicating that the stalagmites' grayscale could be used as a proxy index for paleoclimatic and paleoenvironmental reconstruction.The spectrum analysis of QX-3 δ~(18)O sequence showed that the periods of 24-20 years and 12-10 years were significant(above the 95%confidence level).These periods corresponded well with that found in the tree-ring reconstructed Δ~(14)C series,further confirming the forcing of solar activity on the Asian monsoon climate.The comparison of QX-3 δ~(18)O record and other speleothem δ~(18)O records,i.e.,the records from Wanxiang Cave,Huangye Cave,Heshang Cave,and Dongge Cave,showed the general consistant characteristics of precipitation changes on the longterm.However,the differences on centennial to decadal time-scales were significant,implying the diverse responses of regional precipitation to the Asian monsoon changes on these time-scales.
Based on 8 accurately dated ~(230)Th ages and 414 stable oxygen isotope compositions(δ~(18)O)obtained from the stalagmite QX-3 from Qixing Cave,Duyun City,Guizhou Province,a 5-year resolution oxygen isotope profile of the past 2300 years was established,which likely documented the precipitation changes at the cave site.Using the scanned image,the grayscale of the polished section of the stalagmite QX-3 was also attained.The grayscale profile of the stalagmite was highly correlated with the δ~(18)O series,indicating that the stalagmites' grayscale could be used as a proxy index for paleoclimatic and paleoenvironmental reconstruction.The spectrum analysis of QX-3 δ~(18)O sequence showed that the periods of 24-20 years and 12-10 years were significant(above the 95%confidence level).These periods corresponded well with that found in the tree-ring reconstructed Δ~(14)C series,further confirming the forcing of solar activity on the Asian monsoon climate.The comparison of QX-3 δ~(18)O record and other speleothem δ~(18)O records,i.e.,the records from Wanxiang Cave,Huangye Cave,Heshang Cave,and Dongge Cave,showed the general consistant characteristics of precipitation changes on the longterm.However,the differences on centennial to decadal time-scales were significant,implying the diverse responses of regional precipitation to the Asian monsoon changes on these time-scales.
引文
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李彬,袁道先,林玉石,等.1997.桂林盘龙洞石笋发光特性及其古环境记录的初步研究[J].地球学报,18(4):400-406.[Li B,Yuan D X,Lin Y S,et al.1997.Luminescence and palaeoenvironmental record in a stalagmite in panlongcave,Guilin[J].Acta Geoscientica Sinica,18(4):400-406.]
刘启明,王世杰,欧阳自远.2002.高分辨率气候环境变化研究中的石笋微层[J].地球科学进展,17(3):396-401.[Liu Q M,Wang S J,OuYang Z Y.2002.The stalagmite microbanding in research of high resolution climaticenvironmental changes[J].Advance in Earth Science,17(3):396-401.]
秦小光,刘东生,谭明,等.1998.北京石花洞石笋微层灰度变化特征及其气候意义——Ⅰ.微层显微特征[J].中国科学(D辑),28(1):91-96.[Qin x G,Liu T S,Tan M,et al.1998.The gray scale characteristics of stalagmite from Shihua Cave in Beijing and its significance in reconstruction paleoclimate—Ⅰ.Micro layer microstructure characteristics[J].Science in China(Series D),28(1):91-96.]
秦小光,刘东生,谭明,等.2000.北京石花洞石笋微层灰度变化特征及其气候意义-—Ⅱ.灰度的年际变化[J].中国科学(D辑),30(3):239-248.[Qin X G,Liu T S,Tan M,et al.2000.The gray scale characteristics of stalagmite from Shihua Cave in Beijing and its significance in reconstruction paleoclimate—Ⅱ.The interannual variability of gray level[J].Science in China(Series D),30(3):239-248.]
覃嘉铭,袁道先,程海,等.2004.贵州都匀七星洞石笋剖面晚更新世高分辨率的气候地层学[J].第四绍研究,24(3):318-324.[Qin J M,Yuan D X,Cheng H,et al.2004.A high resolution late Pleistocene clmatostratigraphy of 4 stalagmites from Qixing Cave,Duyun,Guizhou[J].Quaternary Sciences,24(3):318-324.]
王先锋,刘东生,梁汉东,等.1999.石笋物质组成的二次离子质谱初步分析及其气候意义[J].第四纪研究,19(1):59-66,97-98.[Wang X F,Liu T S,Liang H D,et al.1999.Preliminary analyses by SIMS on trace components of stalagmite microlayers and their climate significance[J].Quaternary Sciences,19(1):59-66,97-98.]
杨勋林,袁道先,张月明,等.2012.湖北仙女山人工隧洞现代石笋气候学——灰度及其指示意义[J].中国岩溶,31(3):248-252.[Yang X L,Yuan D X,Zhang Y M,et al.2012.Grayscale and climatic instructions of modern stalagmite from artificial tunnel inside the Fairy Hill in Hubei[J].Carsologica Sinica,31(3):248-252.]
袁野.2011.甘肃武都万象洞石笋灰度、微层特征及其古气候意义[D].兰州:兰州大学.[Yuan Y.2011.The gray and micro-layer characteristics of stalagmite from wanxiang cave in gansu province and their significance in reconstruction paleoclimate[D].Lanzhou:Lanzhou University.]
张美良,袁道先,林玉石,等.2001.贵州荔波董歌洞3号石笋的同位素年龄及古气候信息[J].沉积学报,19(3):425-432.[Zhang M L,Yuan D X,Lin Y S,et al.2001.Isotope ages and paleoclimatic implications of No.3 stalagmite from Dongge Cave in Libo[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,19(3):425-432.]
张美良,朱晓燕,程海,等.2009.贵州荔波1200年来石笋高分辨率的古气候环境记录[J].地球学报,30(6):831-840.[Zhang M L,Zhu X Y,Cheng H,et al.2009.A high resolution paleoclimate record of the last1200 years in stalagmite L2 from the Longquan Cave,Guizhou Province[J].Acta Geoscientia Sinica,30(6):831-840.]
Cai Y J Jan L C,An Z S,et al.2010.The variation of summer monsoon precipitation incentral China since the last deglaciation[J].Earth and Planetary Science Letters,291:23-31.
Cai Y J,Zhang H W,Cheng H,et al.2012.The Holocene Indian monsoon variability over the southern Tibetan Plateau and its teleconnections[J].Earth and Planetary Science Letters,335-336:135-144.
Cheng H,Edwards R L,ShenC C,et al.2013.Improvements in~(230)Th dating,~(230)Th and~(234)U half-life values,and U-Th isotopic measurements by Multi-collector Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry[J].Earth and Planetary Science Letters,371-372:82-91.
Dayem K E,Molnar P,Battisti D S,et al.2010.Lessons learned from oxygen isotopes in modern precipitation applied to interpretation of speleothem records of paleoclimate from eastern Asia[J].Earth and Planetary Science Letters,295:219-230.
Ding Y H,Sun Y,Wang Z Y,et al.2009.Inter-decadal variation of the summer precipitation in China and its association with decreasing Asian summer monsoon.PartⅡ:Possible causes[J].International Journal of Climatology,29(13):1926-1944.
Ding Y H,Wang Z Y,Sun Y.2008.Inter-decadal variation of the summer precipitation in East China and its association with decreasing Asian summer monsoon.PartⅠ:Observed evidences[J].International Journal of Climatology,28(9):1139-1161.
Dykoski C A,Edwards R L,Cheng H,et al.2005.A highresolution,absolute-dated Holocene and deglacial Asian monsoon record from Dongge Cave,China[J].Earth and Planetary Science Letters,233:71-86.
Edwards R L,Chen J H,Ku T L,et al.1987.Precise timing of the last interglacial period from mass spectrometric determination of thorium-230 in corals[J].Science,236(4808):1547-1553.
FleitmannD,Burns S P,Mudelsee M,et al.2003.Holocene forcing of the Indian monsoon recorded in a stalagmite from southern Oman[J].Science,300(5626):1737-1739.
Frisia S,Borsato A,Fairchild I J,et al.2000.Calcite fabrics,growth mechanisms,and environments of formation in speleothems from the Italian Alps and southwestern Ireland[J].Journal of Sedimentary Research,70(5):1183-1196.
Haigh J D.1996.The impact of solar variability on climate[J].Science,272(5264):981-984.
Hu C Y,Henderson G M,Huang J H.2008.Quantification of Holocene Asian monsoon rainfall from spatially separated cave records[J].Earth and Planetary Science Letters,266:221-232.
Kurths J,Spiering C,M(u|¨)ller-Stoll W,et al.1993.Search for solar periodicities in Miocene tree ring widths[J].Terra Nova,5(4):359-363.
Lauritzen S E,Kihle J.1996.Annually resolved stable isotope data from speleothem calcite by laser ablation/mass spectrometry[J].Climate Change:The Karst Record:Karst Water Institute,Special Publication,2:84-86.
Liu Z Y,Wen X Y,Brady E C,et al.2014.Chinese cave records and the East Asian Summer Monsoon[J].Quaternary Science Reviews,83:115-128.
Maher B A.2008.Holocene variability of the East Asian summer monsoon from Chinese cave records:A reassessment[J].The Holocene,18(6):861-866.
Pausata F S R,Battisti D S,Nisancioglu K H,et al.2011.Chinese stalagmiteδ~(18)O controlled by changes in the Indian monsoon during a simulated Heinrich event[J].nature geoscience,4:474-480.
Qian W J,Lin X.2005.Regional trends in recent precipitation indices in China[J],Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics,90(3-4):193-207.
Shindell D,Rind D,Balachandran N,et al.1999.Solar cycle variability,ozone,and climate[J],Science,284(5412):305-308.
Tan L C,Cai Y J,Cheng H,et al.2009.Summer monsoon precipitation variations in central China over the past750 years derived from a high-resolution absolute-dated stalagmite[J].Palaeogeography,Palaeoclimatology,Palaeoecology,280(3-4):432-439.
Tan L C,Cai Y J,An Z S,et al.2011.Centennialto decadalscale monsoon precipitation variability in the semi-humid region,Northern China during the last 1860 years:records from stalagmites in Huangye Cave[J].The Holocene,21(2):287-296.
Vieira L E A,Solanki S K,Krivova N A,et al.2011.Evolution of the solarirradiance during the Holocene[J].Astronomy&Astrophysics,531,doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201015843.
Wang Y J,Cheng H,Edwards R L,et al.2001.A highresolution absolute-dated Late pleistocene monsoon record from Hulu Cave,China[J].Science,294(5550):2345-2348.
Wang Y J,Cheng H,Edwards R L,et al.2005.The Holocene Asian Monsoon:Links to solar changes and North Atlantic climate[J].Science,308(5723):854-857.
Yuan D X,Cheng H,Edwards R L,et al.2004.Timing,duration,and transitions of the Last Interglacial Asian monsoon[J].Science,304(5670):575-578.
Zhang P Z,Cheng H,Edwards R L,et al.2008.A test of climate,sun,culturerelationships from an 1810 year Chinese Cave record[J].Science,322(5903):940-942.
程海,艾思本,王先锋,等.2005.中国南方石笋氧同位素记录的重要意义[J].第四纪研究,25(2):157-163.[Cheng H,Ai S B,Wang X F,et al.2005.Oxygen isotope records of stalagmites from southern China[J].Quaternary Sciences,25(2):157-163.]
洪业汤,刘东生,姜洪波,等.1999.太阳辐射驱动气候变化的泥炭氧同位素证据[J].中国科学(D辑),29(6):527-531.[Hong Y T,Liu T S,Jiang H B,et al.1999.The peat oxygen isotope evidence of solar radiation driven the climate change[J],Science in China(Series D),29(6):527-531.]
李彬,袁道先,林玉石,等.1997.桂林盘龙洞石笋发光特性及其古环境记录的初步研究[J].地球学报,18(4):400-406.[Li B,Yuan D X,Lin Y S,et al.1997.Luminescence and palaeoenvironmental record in a stalagmite in panlongcave,Guilin[J].Acta Geoscientica Sinica,18(4):400-406.]
刘启明,王世杰,欧阳自远.2002.高分辨率气候环境变化研究中的石笋微层[J].地球科学进展,17(3):396-401.[Liu Q M,Wang S J,OuYang Z Y.2002.The stalagmite microbanding in research of high resolution climaticenvironmental changes[J].Advance in Earth Science,17(3):396-401.]
秦小光,刘东生,谭明,等.1998.北京石花洞石笋微层灰度变化特征及其气候意义——Ⅰ.微层显微特征[J].中国科学(D辑),28(1):91-96.[Qin x G,Liu T S,Tan M,et al.1998.The gray scale characteristics of stalagmite from Shihua Cave in Beijing and its significance in reconstruction paleoclimate—Ⅰ.Micro layer microstructure characteristics[J].Science in China(Series D),28(1):91-96.]
秦小光,刘东生,谭明,等.2000.北京石花洞石笋微层灰度变化特征及其气候意义-—Ⅱ.灰度的年际变化[J].中国科学(D辑),30(3):239-248.[Qin X G,Liu T S,Tan M,et al.2000.The gray scale characteristics of stalagmite from Shihua Cave in Beijing and its significance in reconstruction paleoclimate—Ⅱ.The interannual variability of gray level[J].Science in China(Series D),30(3):239-248.]
覃嘉铭,袁道先,程海,等.2004.贵州都匀七星洞石笋剖面晚更新世高分辨率的气候地层学[J].第四绍研究,24(3):318-324.[Qin J M,Yuan D X,Cheng H,et al.2004.A high resolution late Pleistocene clmatostratigraphy of 4 stalagmites from Qixing Cave,Duyun,Guizhou[J].Quaternary Sciences,24(3):318-324.]
王先锋,刘东生,梁汉东,等.1999.石笋物质组成的二次离子质谱初步分析及其气候意义[J].第四纪研究,19(1):59-66,97-98.[Wang X F,Liu T S,Liang H D,et al.1999.Preliminary analyses by SIMS on trace components of stalagmite microlayers and their climate significance[J].Quaternary Sciences,19(1):59-66,97-98.]
杨勋林,袁道先,张月明,等.2012.湖北仙女山人工隧洞现代石笋气候学——灰度及其指示意义[J].中国岩溶,31(3):248-252.[Yang X L,Yuan D X,Zhang Y M,et al.2012.Grayscale and climatic instructions of modern stalagmite from artificial tunnel inside the Fairy Hill in Hubei[J].Carsologica Sinica,31(3):248-252.]
袁野.2011.甘肃武都万象洞石笋灰度、微层特征及其古气候意义[D].兰州:兰州大学.[Yuan Y.2011.The gray and micro-layer characteristics of stalagmite from wanxiang cave in gansu province and their significance in reconstruction paleoclimate[D].Lanzhou:Lanzhou University.]
张美良,袁道先,林玉石,等.2001.贵州荔波董歌洞3号石笋的同位素年龄及古气候信息[J].沉积学报,19(3):425-432.[Zhang M L,Yuan D X,Lin Y S,et al.2001.Isotope ages and paleoclimatic implications of No.3 stalagmite from Dongge Cave in Libo[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,19(3):425-432.]
张美良,朱晓燕,程海,等.2009.贵州荔波1200年来石笋高分辨率的古气候环境记录[J].地球学报,30(6):831-840.[Zhang M L,Zhu X Y,Cheng H,et al.2009.A high resolution paleoclimate record of the last1200 years in stalagmite L2 from the Longquan Cave,Guizhou Province[J].Acta Geoscientia Sinica,30(6):831-840.]
Cai Y J Jan L C,An Z S,et al.2010.The variation of summer monsoon precipitation incentral China since the last deglaciation[J].Earth and Planetary Science Letters,291:23-31.
Cai Y J,Zhang H W,Cheng H,et al.2012.The Holocene Indian monsoon variability over the southern Tibetan Plateau and its teleconnections[J].Earth and Planetary Science Letters,335-336:135-144.
Cheng H,Edwards R L,ShenC C,et al.2013.Improvements in~(230)Th dating,~(230)Th and~(234)U half-life values,and U-Th isotopic measurements by Multi-collector Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry[J].Earth and Planetary Science Letters,371-372:82-91.
Dayem K E,Molnar P,Battisti D S,et al.2010.Lessons learned from oxygen isotopes in modern precipitation applied to interpretation of speleothem records of paleoclimate from eastern Asia[J].Earth and Planetary Science Letters,295:219-230.
Ding Y H,Sun Y,Wang Z Y,et al.2009.Inter-decadal variation of the summer precipitation in China and its association with decreasing Asian summer monsoon.PartⅡ:Possible causes[J].International Journal of Climatology,29(13):1926-1944.
Ding Y H,Wang Z Y,Sun Y.2008.Inter-decadal variation of the summer precipitation in East China and its association with decreasing Asian summer monsoon.PartⅠ:Observed evidences[J].International Journal of Climatology,28(9):1139-1161.
Dykoski C A,Edwards R L,Cheng H,et al.2005.A highresolution,absolute-dated Holocene and deglacial Asian monsoon record from Dongge Cave,China[J].Earth and Planetary Science Letters,233:71-86.
Edwards R L,Chen J H,Ku T L,et al.1987.Precise timing of the last interglacial period from mass spectrometric determination of thorium-230 in corals[J].Science,236(4808):1547-1553.
FleitmannD,Burns S P,Mudelsee M,et al.2003.Holocene forcing of the Indian monsoon recorded in a stalagmite from southern Oman[J].Science,300(5626):1737-1739.
Frisia S,Borsato A,Fairchild I J,et al.2000.Calcite fabrics,growth mechanisms,and environments of formation in speleothems from the Italian Alps and southwestern Ireland[J].Journal of Sedimentary Research,70(5):1183-1196.
Haigh J D.1996.The impact of solar variability on climate[J].Science,272(5264):981-984.
Hu C Y,Henderson G M,Huang J H.2008.Quantification of Holocene Asian monsoon rainfall from spatially separated cave records[J].Earth and Planetary Science Letters,266:221-232.
Kurths J,Spiering C,M(u|¨)ller-Stoll W,et al.1993.Search for solar periodicities in Miocene tree ring widths[J].Terra Nova,5(4):359-363.
Lauritzen S E,Kihle J.1996.Annually resolved stable isotope data from speleothem calcite by laser ablation/mass spectrometry[J].Climate Change:The Karst Record:Karst Water Institute,Special Publication,2:84-86.
Liu Z Y,Wen X Y,Brady E C,et al.2014.Chinese cave records and the East Asian Summer Monsoon[J].Quaternary Science Reviews,83:115-128.
Maher B A.2008.Holocene variability of the East Asian summer monsoon from Chinese cave records:A reassessment[J].The Holocene,18(6):861-866.
Pausata F S R,Battisti D S,Nisancioglu K H,et al.2011.Chinese stalagmiteδ~(18)O controlled by changes in the Indian monsoon during a simulated Heinrich event[J].nature geoscience,4:474-480.
Qian W J,Lin X.2005.Regional trends in recent precipitation indices in China[J],Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics,90(3-4):193-207.
Shindell D,Rind D,Balachandran N,et al.1999.Solar cycle variability,ozone,and climate[J],Science,284(5412):305-308.
Tan L C,Cai Y J,Cheng H,et al.2009.Summer monsoon precipitation variations in central China over the past750 years derived from a high-resolution absolute-dated stalagmite[J].Palaeogeography,Palaeoclimatology,Palaeoecology,280(3-4):432-439.
Tan L C,Cai Y J,An Z S,et al.2011.Centennialto decadalscale monsoon precipitation variability in the semi-humid region,Northern China during the last 1860 years:records from stalagmites in Huangye Cave[J].The Holocene,21(2):287-296.
Vieira L E A,Solanki S K,Krivova N A,et al.2011.Evolution of the solarirradiance during the Holocene[J].Astronomy&Astrophysics,531,doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201015843.
Wang Y J,Cheng H,Edwards R L,et al.2001.A highresolution absolute-dated Late pleistocene monsoon record from Hulu Cave,China[J].Science,294(5550):2345-2348.
Wang Y J,Cheng H,Edwards R L,et al.2005.The Holocene Asian Monsoon:Links to solar changes and North Atlantic climate[J].Science,308(5723):854-857.
Yuan D X,Cheng H,Edwards R L,et al.2004.Timing,duration,and transitions of the Last Interglacial Asian monsoon[J].Science,304(5670):575-578.
Zhang P Z,Cheng H,Edwards R L,et al.2008.A test of climate,sun,culturerelationships from an 1810 year Chinese Cave record[J].Science,322(5903):940-942.
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