上海市2011~2015年保健食品中铅、砷、汞污染状况分析及评价
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摘要
目的采用新、旧两版GB 16740标准对上海市保健食品中铅、砷、汞残留量进行分析与评价,了解重金属污染状况及评价标准改变带来的变化。方法采用国家标准规定的检测方法,对2011~2015年上海市收检的保健食品进行铅、砷和汞残留量测定,并使用SPSS 19.0对测定结果进行统计分析。结果上海市2011~2015年共检测保健食品7306份,按旧版GB 16740评价,总合格率为96.17%,铅、砷和汞残留量总超标率分别为3.09%、1.46%和0.22%;按新版GB 16740评价,总合格率为98.06%,铅、砷和汞残留量总超标率分别为1.28%、0.94%和0.22%,超标样品中胶囊剂和茶剂居多。结论上海市保健食品中铅、砷、汞污染水平总体较低,新版的评价标准改变了原标准中根据剂型判断结果的模式,使得结果评价更为合理。
Objective To investigate the contamination status of heavy metals and the changes caused by using the old and new edition of GB 16740 standards.Methods The content of Pb,As and Hg in inspected health food was determined from 2011 to 2015 by using two editions of national standard methods,and the results of statistical analysis were analyzed using the SPSS 19.0 software.Results Among all the 7306 samples from 2011 to 2015,the total pass rate was 96.17%and the exceeding standard rates of Pb,As and Hg were 3.09%,1.46%and 0.22%,respectively,evaluated by the old edition of GB 16740.The total pass rate was 98.06%and the exceeding standard rates of Pb,As and Hg were 1.28%,0.94%and 0.22%,respectively,evaluated by the new edition of GB 16740.The majority of the samples exceeded the national standard were capsules and medicinal teas.Conclusion The heavy metal contaminations in health food in Shanghai were at a low level.The new evaluation standard changed the pattern based on the formulations of the old standard to achieve more reasonable results.
Objective To investigate the contamination status of heavy metals and the changes caused by using the old and new edition of GB 16740 standards.Methods The content of Pb,As and Hg in inspected health food was determined from 2011 to 2015 by using two editions of national standard methods,and the results of statistical analysis were analyzed using the SPSS 19.0 software.Results Among all the 7306 samples from 2011 to 2015,the total pass rate was 96.17%and the exceeding standard rates of Pb,As and Hg were 3.09%,1.46%and 0.22%,respectively,evaluated by the old edition of GB 16740.The total pass rate was 98.06%and the exceeding standard rates of Pb,As and Hg were 1.28%,0.94%and 0.22%,respectively,evaluated by the new edition of GB 16740.The majority of the samples exceeded the national standard were capsules and medicinal teas.Conclusion The heavy metal contaminations in health food in Shanghai were at a low level.The new evaluation standard changed the pattern based on the formulations of the old standard to achieve more reasonable results.
引文
[1]石岩,魏峰,肖新月,等.我国市售保健食品铅、砷、汞含量分析[J].亚太传统医药,2010,6(5):160-161.Shi Y,Wei F,Xiao XY,et al.Analysis of Pb,As and Hg in health foods sold in China[J].Asia-Pacific Trad Med,2010,6(5):160-161.
[2]付玉生,李永利,胡颠,等.2012-2013年河南省受理的保健功能食品重金属污染分析及评价[J].现代预防医学,2015,42(23):4258-4261.Fu YS,Li YL,Hu D,et al.Evaluation on heavy metal contaminations in the examined health functional food in Henan,2012-2013[J].Mod Prev Med,2015,42(23):4258-4261.
[3]李春雨,孙鑫贵,沙博郁,等.保健食品中汞,砷含量及人体摄入量调查[J].中国卫生检验,2014,24(11):1636-1639.Li CY,Sun XG,Sha BY,et al.Investigation of contents and intake amount of mercury and arsenic by human body from healthy foods[J].Chin J Health Lab Technol,2014,24(11):1636-1639.
[4]JECFA.WHO technical report series 884.Evaluation of certain food additives and contaminants.Forty-ninth report of the joint FOA/WHO expert committee on food additives[R].Geneva:WHO,1999.
[5]王夔.生命科学中的微量元素[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,1999.Wang K.Trace elements in life sciences[M].Beijing:People's Medical Publishing House,1999.
[6]宋晓昀.中国居民汞、砷膳食暴露评估研究[D].南京:东南大学,2010.Song XY.Dietary exposure assessment of mercury and arsenic for Chinese residence[D].Nanjing:Southeast University,2010.
[7]王晓玲,姚怡.湿法消化-氢化物原子荧光法测定豆类食品中汞的含量[J].中国卫生检验,2008,18(12):2514-2515.Wang XL,Yao Y.Wet digestion-hydride generator atomic fluorescence spectrometry for determination of mercury in beans[J].Chin J Health Lab Technol,2008,18(12):2514-2515.
[8]GB 16740-1997保健(功能)食品通用标准[S].GB 16740-1997 General standard for health(functional)foods[S].
[9]GB 16740-2014食品安全国家标准保健食品[S].GB 16740-2014 National food safety standard,Health food[S].
[10]王永芳,韩宏伟,赵馨,等.保健食品中铅和砷污染状况分析及评价[J].中国卫生监督,2003,10(2):86-89.Wang YF,Han HW,Zhao X,et al.Analysis and evaluation of Pb and As in health foods[J].Chin J Health Inspect,2003,10(2):86-89.
[11]谢文娟,胡敏予.铅、镉、砷、汞污染的治理研究进展[J].安徽农业科学,2013,41(33):13001-13003.Xie WJ,Hu MY.Research progress in remediation of lead,cadmium,arsenic,mercury pollution[J].J Anhui Agric Sci,2013,41(33):13001-13003.
[12]曹民,闫革彬,姜永丽.北京市某区2003-2006年生产的保健食品铅、砷含量调查[J].中国食品卫生,2008,2(4):332-333Cao M,Yan GB,Jiang YL.Survey on contents of lead and arsenic in health foods in one district of Beijing from 2003 to 2006[J].Chin J Food Hyg,2008,2(4):332-333.
[13]付玉生,李永利,王爱月,等.2008-2011年河南省保健食品铅、砷、汞污染状况分析[J].中国食品卫生,2013,25(2):173-175.Fu YS,Li YL,Wang AY,et al.Analysis of Pb,Hg and As in health foods in Henan province from 2008 to 2011[J].Chin J Food Hyg,2013,25(2):173-175.
[14]马晓艳,张秋萍,潘喻佳.2008年江苏省苏州市保健食晶中汞污染监测及分析[J].中国卫生检验,2009,19(12):2934-2935.Ma XY,Zhang QP,Pan YJ.Analysis of mercury in health foods sold in Suzhou in 2008[J].Chin J Health Lab Technol,2009,19(12):2934-2935.
[2]付玉生,李永利,胡颠,等.2012-2013年河南省受理的保健功能食品重金属污染分析及评价[J].现代预防医学,2015,42(23):4258-4261.Fu YS,Li YL,Hu D,et al.Evaluation on heavy metal contaminations in the examined health functional food in Henan,2012-2013[J].Mod Prev Med,2015,42(23):4258-4261.
[3]李春雨,孙鑫贵,沙博郁,等.保健食品中汞,砷含量及人体摄入量调查[J].中国卫生检验,2014,24(11):1636-1639.Li CY,Sun XG,Sha BY,et al.Investigation of contents and intake amount of mercury and arsenic by human body from healthy foods[J].Chin J Health Lab Technol,2014,24(11):1636-1639.
[4]JECFA.WHO technical report series 884.Evaluation of certain food additives and contaminants.Forty-ninth report of the joint FOA/WHO expert committee on food additives[R].Geneva:WHO,1999.
[5]王夔.生命科学中的微量元素[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,1999.Wang K.Trace elements in life sciences[M].Beijing:People's Medical Publishing House,1999.
[6]宋晓昀.中国居民汞、砷膳食暴露评估研究[D].南京:东南大学,2010.Song XY.Dietary exposure assessment of mercury and arsenic for Chinese residence[D].Nanjing:Southeast University,2010.
[7]王晓玲,姚怡.湿法消化-氢化物原子荧光法测定豆类食品中汞的含量[J].中国卫生检验,2008,18(12):2514-2515.Wang XL,Yao Y.Wet digestion-hydride generator atomic fluorescence spectrometry for determination of mercury in beans[J].Chin J Health Lab Technol,2008,18(12):2514-2515.
[8]GB 16740-1997保健(功能)食品通用标准[S].GB 16740-1997 General standard for health(functional)foods[S].
[9]GB 16740-2014食品安全国家标准保健食品[S].GB 16740-2014 National food safety standard,Health food[S].
[10]王永芳,韩宏伟,赵馨,等.保健食品中铅和砷污染状况分析及评价[J].中国卫生监督,2003,10(2):86-89.Wang YF,Han HW,Zhao X,et al.Analysis and evaluation of Pb and As in health foods[J].Chin J Health Inspect,2003,10(2):86-89.
[11]谢文娟,胡敏予.铅、镉、砷、汞污染的治理研究进展[J].安徽农业科学,2013,41(33):13001-13003.Xie WJ,Hu MY.Research progress in remediation of lead,cadmium,arsenic,mercury pollution[J].J Anhui Agric Sci,2013,41(33):13001-13003.
[12]曹民,闫革彬,姜永丽.北京市某区2003-2006年生产的保健食品铅、砷含量调查[J].中国食品卫生,2008,2(4):332-333Cao M,Yan GB,Jiang YL.Survey on contents of lead and arsenic in health foods in one district of Beijing from 2003 to 2006[J].Chin J Food Hyg,2008,2(4):332-333.
[13]付玉生,李永利,王爱月,等.2008-2011年河南省保健食品铅、砷、汞污染状况分析[J].中国食品卫生,2013,25(2):173-175.Fu YS,Li YL,Wang AY,et al.Analysis of Pb,Hg and As in health foods in Henan province from 2008 to 2011[J].Chin J Food Hyg,2013,25(2):173-175.
[14]马晓艳,张秋萍,潘喻佳.2008年江苏省苏州市保健食晶中汞污染监测及分析[J].中国卫生检验,2009,19(12):2934-2935.Ma XY,Zhang QP,Pan YJ.Analysis of mercury in health foods sold in Suzhou in 2008[J].Chin J Health Lab Technol,2009,19(12):2934-2935.
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