云南东川稀矿山式铜铁矿床成矿物质来源的同位素示踪
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摘要
稀矿山式铜铁矿床是东川铜矿中一种重要的矿床类型,前人研究程度较深,但对矿床成因观点不一,为探讨其铜铁矿层的成因及成矿物质来源,对稀矿山式铜铁矿的硫氧同位素进行了测试,并对同位素数据进行了地球化学研究。结果表明,硫化物中的δ34S值变化较大(从-10.9‰至15.9‰,均值为0.455‰),根据δ34S值的不同可分为3种:①在±4‰之间(15件),具陨石硫特征;②±(5~8)‰范围内(6件),受火山沉积作用影响;③>10‰和≤-10‰范围内(2件),说明硫源以岩浆作用(火山喷发)为主要来源,部分为海水硫酸盐及地层生物硫。稀矿山式铜铁矿床的碳具有幔源特征,指示有地幔物质参与成矿作用;磁铁矿δ18OV-SMOW值变化在1.3‰~9.8‰之间,均值4.875‰,组成特征则反映矿床属于火山喷流沉积成因。成矿物质主要来源于火山喷发,成矿作用与岩浆、海相化学沉积、海底热液等作用有关。
The Xikuangshan type ferro-copper deposit is an important deposit type in the Dongchuan copper mine.Although previous researchers made detailed investigations,the origin of this kind of deposit remains controversial.In order to probe into the genesis and sources of the ore-forming materials of its ferro-copper layer,the authors analyzed the O isotopic compositions of the Xikuangshan type ferro-copper deposit and studied its isotope geochemistry.The results show that the values of δ34S in sulfides(from-10.9‰ to 15.9‰,with an average of 0.455‰) can be divided into three groups:① values between ±4‰(15 pieces),with the characteristics of meteoritic sulfur;② values in the range of ±(5~8)‰(6 pieces),influenced by the volcanic sedimentation;③ values in the range of >10‰ or ≤-10‰(2 pieces),suggesting that sulfur came mainly from the rock magma(volcanic eruptions) and subordinately from seawater sulfate and stratigraphic biological sulfur.The carbon of the Xikuangshan type ferro-copper deposit has the characteristics of mantle-derived carbon,implying that mantle material participated in the ore-forming process.The δ18OV-SMOW values of magnetite change between 1.3‰ and 9.8‰,with an average of 4.875‰.The composition characteristics of O isotope indicate that the deposit belongs to the volcanic sedimentation-exhalation deposit.The main ore-forming source came from volcanic eruption,and the metallogenesis was connected with magmatic activities,marine facies chemical sedimentation and seafloor hydrothermal solution sedimentation.
The Xikuangshan type ferro-copper deposit is an important deposit type in the Dongchuan copper mine.Although previous researchers made detailed investigations,the origin of this kind of deposit remains controversial.In order to probe into the genesis and sources of the ore-forming materials of its ferro-copper layer,the authors analyzed the O isotopic compositions of the Xikuangshan type ferro-copper deposit and studied its isotope geochemistry.The results show that the values of δ34S in sulfides(from-10.9‰ to 15.9‰,with an average of 0.455‰) can be divided into three groups:① values between ±4‰(15 pieces),with the characteristics of meteoritic sulfur;② values in the range of ±(5~8)‰(6 pieces),influenced by the volcanic sedimentation;③ values in the range of >10‰ or ≤-10‰(2 pieces),suggesting that sulfur came mainly from the rock magma(volcanic eruptions) and subordinately from seawater sulfate and stratigraphic biological sulfur.The carbon of the Xikuangshan type ferro-copper deposit has the characteristics of mantle-derived carbon,implying that mantle material participated in the ore-forming process.The δ18OV-SMOW values of magnetite change between 1.3‰ and 9.8‰,with an average of 4.875‰.The composition characteristics of O isotope indicate that the deposit belongs to the volcanic sedimentation-exhalation deposit.The main ore-forming source came from volcanic eruption,and the metallogenesis was connected with magmatic activities,marine facies chemical sedimentation and seafloor hydrothermal solution sedimentation.
引文
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Qian Rongyao and Wu Jintian.1959.On the origin of the copper-bear-ingironstrata of the Xikuangshan-Daqiandi in Dongchuan[J].ActaGeologicaSinica,39(1):59~64(in Chinese with English ab-stract).
Ran Chongying.1989.Formation Mechanism of Stratabonnd CopperDeposits in Kangdian Axis[M].Beijing:Geological PublishingHouse,543~549(in Chinese with English abstract).
Ren Jishun,Huang Jiqing,Jiang Chunfa,et al.1980.1∶4000000China Tectonic Map and Geotectonic Evolution of China[M].Bei-jing:Science Press,1~124(in Chinese with English abstract).
Taylor HP Jr.1974.The application of oxygen and hydrogen isotopestudies to problems of hydrothermal alteration and ore deposition[J].Economic Geology,69:843~883.
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Thorne W,Hagemann S,Vennemann T,et al.2009.Oxygen isotopecompositions of iron oxidesfromhigh-grade BIF-hostediron ore de-posits of the Central Hamersley Province,Western Australia:Con-stra-ints on the evolution of hydrothermal fluids[J].Economic Ge-ology,104(7):1019~1035.
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Wang Denghong.1996.Sulfur and lead isotopic geochemistry of theashele volcanogenie massive sulfide deposit,Xinjiang,China[J].Geochi mica,25(6):582~590(in Chinese with English abstract).
Wang Kenan.1978.Sulfur isotope composition and its geological i mpli-cations to the copper deposit,Dongchuan,Yunnan[J].Geochi mi-ca,(3):242~246(in Chinese with English abstract).
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