贵州南部地区中三叠统青岩阶底界附近牙形石生物地层学研究
|
摘要
下—中三叠统界线的划分一直是国际地层学研究中一个有争议的问题。中国西南地区从台地相到盆地相不同类型下—中三叠统地层均较发育 ,为奥仑尼克阶—安尼阶界线层型的研究提供了有利条件。根据贵州望谟甘河桥剖面和贵州省贵阳市青岩剖面牙形石的研究 ,可识别出 6个可与国内外进行对比的牙形石带 ,自下而上分别为 :1N eospathdus cristagalli间隔带 ,2 N eospathodus pakistanensis间隔带 ,3N eospathodus waageni间隔带 ,4 N eospathodus homeri— N . triangularis组合带 ,5 Chiosella timorensis间隔带 ,6 N eogongdolellaregale延限带。在贵阳青岩剖面和望谟甘河桥剖面 ,早—中三叠世存在一个 N eospathodus— Chiosella—N eogongdolella的牙形石演化系列。在这个演化序列中 ,在 N eospathodus homeri— N . triangularis带上部出现N eospathodus homeri和 Chiosella timorensis之间的过渡类型 N eospathodus qingyanensis,表明在下—中三叠统附近牙形石存在较好的演化关系。在贵阳青岩剖面 ,下—中三叠统界线位于紫云组顶面之下 1.5 m处 Chiosellatimorensis带首现的位置 ,在望谟甘河桥剖面 ,下—中三叠统界线位于紫云组顶面之下 0 .5 m处 Chiosella timorensis带首现的位置。依据上述情况 ,本文?
The demarcation of the Lower—Middle Triassic boundary is a disputed problem in stratigraphic research in the world. Lower—Middle Triassic strata of different types, from platform facies to basin facies, are well developed in Southwest China. This is helpful for the research on the Global Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP). According to the research on conodonts in the Ganheqiao section in Wangmo County and the Qingyan section in Guiyang City, Guizhou Province, six conodont zones, which can be correlated with those in other regions, have been recognized. They are in ascending order as follows: ① Neospathdus cristagalli interval-zone, ② Neospathodus pakistanensis interval-zone, ③ Neospathodus waageni interval-zone, ④ Neospathodus homeri- N. triangularis assemblage-zone, ⑤ Chiosella timorensis interval-zone, ⑥ Neogongdolella regale range-zone. An evolutionary series of conodont Neospathodus—Chiosella—Neogongdolella occurred in the Ganheqiao section and Qingyan section in the Early—Middle Triassic. In this evolutionary series, a transitional Neospathodus qingyanensis appeared between Neospathodus homeri and Chiosella timorensis in the upper part of Neospathodus homeri- N. triangularis zone. This shows an excellent Early—Middle Triassic evolutionary series of conodont across the Lower—Middle Triassic boundary. The Lower—Middle Triassic boundary is located 1.5m below the top of the Ziyun Formation, where the Chiosella timorensis zone first appears on the Qingyan section; while the Lower—Middle Triassic boundary is situated 0.5 m below the top of the Ziyun Formation, where the Chiosella timorensis zone first appears on the Ganheqiao section. Based on the above-mentioned discussion, the present authors suggest that the Qingyan section can be regarded as a candidate of the GSSP of the Lower—Middle Triassic boundary and the Ganheqiao section as a reference of the GSSP of the Lower—Middle Triassic boundary for further necessary investigation.
The demarcation of the Lower—Middle Triassic boundary is a disputed problem in stratigraphic research in the world. Lower—Middle Triassic strata of different types, from platform facies to basin facies, are well developed in Southwest China. This is helpful for the research on the Global Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP). According to the research on conodonts in the Ganheqiao section in Wangmo County and the Qingyan section in Guiyang City, Guizhou Province, six conodont zones, which can be correlated with those in other regions, have been recognized. They are in ascending order as follows: ① Neospathdus cristagalli interval-zone, ② Neospathodus pakistanensis interval-zone, ③ Neospathodus waageni interval-zone, ④ Neospathodus homeri- N. triangularis assemblage-zone, ⑤ Chiosella timorensis interval-zone, ⑥ Neogongdolella regale range-zone. An evolutionary series of conodont Neospathodus—Chiosella—Neogongdolella occurred in the Ganheqiao section and Qingyan section in the Early—Middle Triassic. In this evolutionary series, a transitional Neospathodus qingyanensis appeared between Neospathodus homeri and Chiosella timorensis in the upper part of Neospathodus homeri- N. triangularis zone. This shows an excellent Early—Middle Triassic evolutionary series of conodont across the Lower—Middle Triassic boundary. The Lower—Middle Triassic boundary is located 1.5m below the top of the Ziyun Formation, where the Chiosella timorensis zone first appears on the Qingyan section; while the Lower—Middle Triassic boundary is situated 0.5 m below the top of the Ziyun Formation, where the Chiosella timorensis zone first appears on the Ganheqiao section. Based on the above-mentioned discussion, the present authors suggest that the Qingyan section can be regarded as a candidate of the GSSP of the Lower—Middle Triassic boundary and the Ganheqiao section as a reference of the GSSP of the Lower—Middle Triassic boundary for further necessary investigation.
引文
丁梅华.1983.安徽巢县马家山早三叠世牙形石及其地层意义.地球科学——武汉地质学院学报,2:37~48.
丁梅华,黄清华.1990.贵州紫云石头寨晚二叠世—中三叠世牙形石动物群及生态意义.地球科学——中国地质大学学报,15(3):291~297.
贵州省地质矿产局.1987.贵州省地质志.北京:地质出版社,277~321.
秦典夕,颜承锡,熊剑飞.1993.黔中三叠纪牙形类生物地层研究的新进展.贵州地质,10(2):120~128.
田传荣.1982.西藏聂拉木土隆村三叠纪牙形石.青藏高原地质文集(第7集),地层·古生物.北京:地质出版社,153~165.
王成源.1991.中国三叠纪牙形刺生物地层.地层学杂志,15(4):311~312.
王成源,王志浩.1976.珠穆朗玛峰地区三叠纪牙形刺.珠穆朗玛峰地区科学考察报告(1966~1968),古生物第二分册.北京:科学出版社,387~416.
王彦斌,刘敦一,姚建新,纪占胜,王立亭,武桂春.2004.黔西南下—中三叠统界线年龄.地质学报,78(5):586~590.
王志浩,曹延岳.1981.湖北利川早三叠世牙形刺.古生物学报,20(4):362~377.
王志浩,戴进业.1981.四川江油、川北早三叠世牙形刺.古生物学报,20(2):138~152.
王志浩,钟端.1990.滇东、黔西和桂北不同相区的三叠纪牙形刺生物地层.地层学杂志,14(1):15~35.
王志浩,钟端.1994.滇东、黔西和桂北不同相区的三叠纪牙形刺.微体古生物学报,11(4):379~412.
王志浩,王义刚.1995.中国西藏聂拉木色龙西山二叠系—下三叠统牙形刺.微体古生物学报,12(4):333~348.
西藏自治区地质矿产局.1993.西藏自治区区域地质志.北京:地质出版社,137~159.
杨守仁,王新平,郝维城.1986.广西西部早、中三叠世牙形石序列.北京大学学报(自然科学版),4:90~106.
杨守仁,郝维城,王新平.1999.中国三叠纪不同相区的牙形石序列.见:八尾昭等著.中国古特提斯生物及地质变迁.北京大学出版社,79~112.
杨遵仪,张舜新.2000.多重地层划分对比.见:《中国地层典》编委会编著.中国地层典,三叠系.北京:地质出版社,11~26.
殷鸿福,杨遵仪,童金南.2000.国际三叠系研究现状.地层学杂志,24(2):109~113.
赵锡文,张克信.1991.中国西藏阿里地区三叠纪牙形石.微体古生物学报,8(4):433~440.
AsseretoR.1974.Aegean andBithynian:proposals for two newAnisian substages.SchrifteneibeErdwissensehaptenKommission,OesterreichAkademie derWissenschaft,2:23~39.
BenderH.1970.ZurGliederung derMediterranenTrias.DieConodontenchronologie derMediterranenTrias.Ann.Geol.PavsHell,19:465~540.
Bureau ofGeology andMineralResources ofGuizhouProvince.1987.RegionalGeology ofGuizhouProvince.Beijing:GeologicalPublishingHouse,277~321(inChinese).
DingMeihua.1983.L owerTriassic conodonts from theMajiashanMountain inAnhuiProvince and their stratigraphicsignificance.EarthScience——Journal ofWuhanCollege ofGeology,(2):37~48(inChinese withEnglish abstract).
DingMeihua.1990.L atePermian—MiddleTriassic conodont faunfrom theShitouzhai inZiyunCounty,GuizhouProvince andtheir ecological significance.EarthScienceJournal ofChinaUniversity ofGeosciences,15(3):291~297(inChinese).
KozurH.1980.The main events in theUpperPerm ian andTriassicconodont evolution and its bearing to theU pperPermian andTriassic stratigraphy.RivistaItalianaPaleontologia eStratigrafia,85(3~4):741~766.
KozurH.1989.The taxonomy of theGondolellid conodonts in thePermian andTriassic.CourierForsch.Inst.Senckenberg,117:409~469.
NicoraA.1977.L owerAnisian platform-conodonts from theTethys andNevada:Taxonomic and stratigraphic revision.Palaeontographica,A157:88~107,Stuttgart.
QinDianxi,YanChenxi,XiongJianfei.1993.New advances in thebiostratigraphy ofTriassic conodonts in centralGuizhou.Geology ofGuizhou,10(2):120~128(inChinese withEnglish abstract).
SweetW C.1988.A quantitative conodont biostratigraphy for theL owerTriassic.SenckenbergianaL ethaca,69:253~273.
SweetW C,MosherL C,ClarkD L,CollinsonJW,Hasenm uellerW A.1971.Conodont biostratigraphy of theTriassic.In:SweetW C andBergstromS M,eds.Symposium onConodontBiostratigraphy.GeologicalSociety ofAm erica,Inc.Memoir127:441~465.
SweetW C,BergstromS M.1986.Conodonts and biostratigraphiccorrelation.AnnualReviewsEarthPlanetScience,14:85~112.
TianChuanrong.1982.Triassic conodonts in theTulong sectionfromNyalamCounty,Xizang(Tibet),China.Contribution totheGeology of theQinghai-Xizang(Tibet)Plateau,7,Stratigraphy,Paleontology.Beijing:GeologicalPublishingHouse,153~165(inChinese withEnglish abstract).
TozerE T.1967.A standard forTriassic time.Bulletin of theGeologicalSurvery ofCanada,156:1~103.
WangChengyuan.1991.Triassic conodont biostratigraphy ofChina.Journal ofStratigraphy,15(4):311~312(inChinese).
WangChengyuan,WangZhihao.1976.Triassic conondonts fromtheMountQomolangma region.ReportofScientificExpeditionin theMountQomolangma region,Paleontology,2.Beijing:SciencePress,387~416(inChinese).
WangYanbin,L iuDunyi,YaoJianxin,JiZhansheng,WangL iting,WuGuichun.2004.Age derermination of theL ower—MiddleTriassic boundary atGanheqiao,Wangmo,GuizhouProvince.ActaGeologicaSinica,78(5):586~590(inChinesewithEnglish abstract).
WangYigang.1984.Remarks on theScythian—Anisian boundary.RivistaItaliana di paleontologia eStratigrafia,90(4):515~544.
WangZhihao,CaoYanyu.1981.EarlyTriassic conodonts fromL ichuan,westernHubei.ActaPalaeontologicaSinica,20(4):362~377(inChinese withEnglish abstract).
WangZhihao,DaiJinye.1981.EarlyTriassic conodonts from theJiangyou—Beichuan area,SichuanProvince.ActaPalaeontologicaSinica,20(2):138~152(inChinese withEnglish abstract).
WangZhihao,WangYigang.1995.Permian—L owerTriassicconodonts fromSelongXishan ofNyalam,S.Tibet,China.ActaMicropalaeontologicaSinica,12(4):333~348(inEnglish withChinese abstract).
WangZhihao,ZhongDuan.1990.Triassic conodont biostratigraphyfrom different facies in easternYunnan,westernGuizhou andnorthernGuangxi.Journal ofStratigraphy,14(1):15~35(inChinese withEnglish abstract).
WangZhihao,ZhongDuan.1994.Triassic conodonts from differentfacies in easternYunnan,westernGuizhou and northernGuangxi.ActaMicropalaeontologicaSinica,11(4):379~412(inEnglish withChinese abstract).
YangShouren,WangXinping,HaoWeicheng.1986.Early andMiddleTriassic conodont sequence in westernGuangxi.ActaScientiarumNaturaliumUniversitisPekinensis,(4):90~106(inChinese withEnglish abstract).
YangShouren,HaoWeicheng,WangXinping.1999.Triassicconodont sequences from different facies inChina.In:Yao etal.,eds.Biotic andGeologicalDevelopment of thePaleo-Tethys inChina.Beijing:PekingUniversityPress,97~1125(inChinese withEnglish abstract).
YangZunyi,ZhangShunxin.2000.Division of multiplestratigraphy.In:EditorialCommission ofL exicon ofChina,eds.Lexicon ofChina,Triassic.Beijing:GeologicalPublishingHouse,11~26(inChinese).
YinHongfu,YangZunyi,TongJinnan.2000.On status of theinternationalTriassic research.Journal ofStratigraphy,24(2):109~113(inChinese withEnglish abstract).
ZhaoXiwen,ZhangKexin.1991.Triassic conodonts from theNgariarea,Xizang(Tibet),China.ActaMicropalaeontologicaSinica,8(4):433~440(inChinese withEnglish abstract)
丁梅华,黄清华.1990.贵州紫云石头寨晚二叠世—中三叠世牙形石动物群及生态意义.地球科学——中国地质大学学报,15(3):291~297.
贵州省地质矿产局.1987.贵州省地质志.北京:地质出版社,277~321.
秦典夕,颜承锡,熊剑飞.1993.黔中三叠纪牙形类生物地层研究的新进展.贵州地质,10(2):120~128.
田传荣.1982.西藏聂拉木土隆村三叠纪牙形石.青藏高原地质文集(第7集),地层·古生物.北京:地质出版社,153~165.
王成源.1991.中国三叠纪牙形刺生物地层.地层学杂志,15(4):311~312.
王成源,王志浩.1976.珠穆朗玛峰地区三叠纪牙形刺.珠穆朗玛峰地区科学考察报告(1966~1968),古生物第二分册.北京:科学出版社,387~416.
王彦斌,刘敦一,姚建新,纪占胜,王立亭,武桂春.2004.黔西南下—中三叠统界线年龄.地质学报,78(5):586~590.
王志浩,曹延岳.1981.湖北利川早三叠世牙形刺.古生物学报,20(4):362~377.
王志浩,戴进业.1981.四川江油、川北早三叠世牙形刺.古生物学报,20(2):138~152.
王志浩,钟端.1990.滇东、黔西和桂北不同相区的三叠纪牙形刺生物地层.地层学杂志,14(1):15~35.
王志浩,钟端.1994.滇东、黔西和桂北不同相区的三叠纪牙形刺.微体古生物学报,11(4):379~412.
王志浩,王义刚.1995.中国西藏聂拉木色龙西山二叠系—下三叠统牙形刺.微体古生物学报,12(4):333~348.
西藏自治区地质矿产局.1993.西藏自治区区域地质志.北京:地质出版社,137~159.
杨守仁,王新平,郝维城.1986.广西西部早、中三叠世牙形石序列.北京大学学报(自然科学版),4:90~106.
杨守仁,郝维城,王新平.1999.中国三叠纪不同相区的牙形石序列.见:八尾昭等著.中国古特提斯生物及地质变迁.北京大学出版社,79~112.
杨遵仪,张舜新.2000.多重地层划分对比.见:《中国地层典》编委会编著.中国地层典,三叠系.北京:地质出版社,11~26.
殷鸿福,杨遵仪,童金南.2000.国际三叠系研究现状.地层学杂志,24(2):109~113.
赵锡文,张克信.1991.中国西藏阿里地区三叠纪牙形石.微体古生物学报,8(4):433~440.
AsseretoR.1974.Aegean andBithynian:proposals for two newAnisian substages.SchrifteneibeErdwissensehaptenKommission,OesterreichAkademie derWissenschaft,2:23~39.
BenderH.1970.ZurGliederung derMediterranenTrias.DieConodontenchronologie derMediterranenTrias.Ann.Geol.PavsHell,19:465~540.
Bureau ofGeology andMineralResources ofGuizhouProvince.1987.RegionalGeology ofGuizhouProvince.Beijing:GeologicalPublishingHouse,277~321(inChinese).
DingMeihua.1983.L owerTriassic conodonts from theMajiashanMountain inAnhuiProvince and their stratigraphicsignificance.EarthScience——Journal ofWuhanCollege ofGeology,(2):37~48(inChinese withEnglish abstract).
DingMeihua.1990.L atePermian—MiddleTriassic conodont faunfrom theShitouzhai inZiyunCounty,GuizhouProvince andtheir ecological significance.EarthScienceJournal ofChinaUniversity ofGeosciences,15(3):291~297(inChinese).
KozurH.1980.The main events in theUpperPerm ian andTriassicconodont evolution and its bearing to theU pperPermian andTriassic stratigraphy.RivistaItalianaPaleontologia eStratigrafia,85(3~4):741~766.
KozurH.1989.The taxonomy of theGondolellid conodonts in thePermian andTriassic.CourierForsch.Inst.Senckenberg,117:409~469.
NicoraA.1977.L owerAnisian platform-conodonts from theTethys andNevada:Taxonomic and stratigraphic revision.Palaeontographica,A157:88~107,Stuttgart.
QinDianxi,YanChenxi,XiongJianfei.1993.New advances in thebiostratigraphy ofTriassic conodonts in centralGuizhou.Geology ofGuizhou,10(2):120~128(inChinese withEnglish abstract).
SweetW C.1988.A quantitative conodont biostratigraphy for theL owerTriassic.SenckenbergianaL ethaca,69:253~273.
SweetW C,MosherL C,ClarkD L,CollinsonJW,Hasenm uellerW A.1971.Conodont biostratigraphy of theTriassic.In:SweetW C andBergstromS M,eds.Symposium onConodontBiostratigraphy.GeologicalSociety ofAm erica,Inc.Memoir127:441~465.
SweetW C,BergstromS M.1986.Conodonts and biostratigraphiccorrelation.AnnualReviewsEarthPlanetScience,14:85~112.
TianChuanrong.1982.Triassic conodonts in theTulong sectionfromNyalamCounty,Xizang(Tibet),China.Contribution totheGeology of theQinghai-Xizang(Tibet)Plateau,7,Stratigraphy,Paleontology.Beijing:GeologicalPublishingHouse,153~165(inChinese withEnglish abstract).
TozerE T.1967.A standard forTriassic time.Bulletin of theGeologicalSurvery ofCanada,156:1~103.
WangChengyuan.1991.Triassic conodont biostratigraphy ofChina.Journal ofStratigraphy,15(4):311~312(inChinese).
WangChengyuan,WangZhihao.1976.Triassic conondonts fromtheMountQomolangma region.ReportofScientificExpeditionin theMountQomolangma region,Paleontology,2.Beijing:SciencePress,387~416(inChinese).
WangYanbin,L iuDunyi,YaoJianxin,JiZhansheng,WangL iting,WuGuichun.2004.Age derermination of theL ower—MiddleTriassic boundary atGanheqiao,Wangmo,GuizhouProvince.ActaGeologicaSinica,78(5):586~590(inChinesewithEnglish abstract).
WangYigang.1984.Remarks on theScythian—Anisian boundary.RivistaItaliana di paleontologia eStratigrafia,90(4):515~544.
WangZhihao,CaoYanyu.1981.EarlyTriassic conodonts fromL ichuan,westernHubei.ActaPalaeontologicaSinica,20(4):362~377(inChinese withEnglish abstract).
WangZhihao,DaiJinye.1981.EarlyTriassic conodonts from theJiangyou—Beichuan area,SichuanProvince.ActaPalaeontologicaSinica,20(2):138~152(inChinese withEnglish abstract).
WangZhihao,WangYigang.1995.Permian—L owerTriassicconodonts fromSelongXishan ofNyalam,S.Tibet,China.ActaMicropalaeontologicaSinica,12(4):333~348(inEnglish withChinese abstract).
WangZhihao,ZhongDuan.1990.Triassic conodont biostratigraphyfrom different facies in easternYunnan,westernGuizhou andnorthernGuangxi.Journal ofStratigraphy,14(1):15~35(inChinese withEnglish abstract).
WangZhihao,ZhongDuan.1994.Triassic conodonts from differentfacies in easternYunnan,westernGuizhou and northernGuangxi.ActaMicropalaeontologicaSinica,11(4):379~412(inEnglish withChinese abstract).
YangShouren,WangXinping,HaoWeicheng.1986.Early andMiddleTriassic conodont sequence in westernGuangxi.ActaScientiarumNaturaliumUniversitisPekinensis,(4):90~106(inChinese withEnglish abstract).
YangShouren,HaoWeicheng,WangXinping.1999.Triassicconodont sequences from different facies inChina.In:Yao etal.,eds.Biotic andGeologicalDevelopment of thePaleo-Tethys inChina.Beijing:PekingUniversityPress,97~1125(inChinese withEnglish abstract).
YangZunyi,ZhangShunxin.2000.Division of multiplestratigraphy.In:EditorialCommission ofL exicon ofChina,eds.Lexicon ofChina,Triassic.Beijing:GeologicalPublishingHouse,11~26(inChinese).
YinHongfu,YangZunyi,TongJinnan.2000.On status of theinternationalTriassic research.Journal ofStratigraphy,24(2):109~113(inChinese withEnglish abstract).
ZhaoXiwen,ZhangKexin.1991.Triassic conodonts from theNgariarea,Xizang(Tibet),China.ActaMicropalaeontologicaSinica,8(4):433~440(inChinese withEnglish abstract)
目录