四川峨嵋麦地坪组白云岩有机地球化学特征
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摘要
四川峨嵋高桥麦地坪组是前寒武系-寒武系连续沉积的重要层型剖面之一,小壳动物化石在该组中出现。对该组小壳动物化石出现层位白云岩的生物标志物以及单体正构烷烃同位素研究结果表明,其规则甾烷中C27甾烷的较高优势,可能与小壳生物的贡献有关。正构烷烃的碳同位素值随碳数增加的曲线变化范围较窄,反映了较为单一的母源输入特征。但被认为是与藻类输入有关的nC19的碳同位素值略低于C21~C26和C27~C37的碳同位素值,显示了不同生物母源的输入,具有藻类和细菌输入的特征。结合生物标志物参数显示,峨嵋高桥麦地坪含胶磷矿白云岩生物母质以蓝藻细菌类生物输入为主,可能含有部分的小壳动物输入。
The Maidiping Formation in Gaoqiao of Emei is one of the most important stratotype profiles of the Precambrian-Cambrian boundary.The small shell fossils appeared and evolved during the period when the Maidiping Formation deposited.This paper selects a dolomite sample bearing small shell fossils in the Maidiping Formation.The n-alkanes of the dolostone show that the distribution of n-alkanes displays the highest peak of nC19, and the OEP near 1.The Pr/Ph ratio is 0.69,indicating phytane dominance.The content of tricyclic terpane is less pentacyclic terpane,and the tetracyclic terpane is the least.The sterane content of C29>C27>C28 shows asymmetrical "V" shape.The study of the carbon isotope compositions of individual n-alkanes of the dolostone shows that the value of the free carbon isotope has a narrow variation range from-26.77‰ to-30.04‰.The biomarkers and carbon isotope compositions of individual n-alkanes show that the organic material of the dolostone from the Maidiping Formation originates from two different kinds of organisms,that is,cyanobacteria and bacteria.Maybe some small shell animals input the original organic matter.
The Maidiping Formation in Gaoqiao of Emei is one of the most important stratotype profiles of the Precambrian-Cambrian boundary.The small shell fossils appeared and evolved during the period when the Maidiping Formation deposited.This paper selects a dolomite sample bearing small shell fossils in the Maidiping Formation.The n-alkanes of the dolostone show that the distribution of n-alkanes displays the highest peak of nC19, and the OEP near 1.The Pr/Ph ratio is 0.69,indicating phytane dominance.The content of tricyclic terpane is less pentacyclic terpane,and the tetracyclic terpane is the least.The sterane content of C29>C27>C28 shows asymmetrical "V" shape.The study of the carbon isotope compositions of individual n-alkanes of the dolostone shows that the value of the free carbon isotope has a narrow variation range from-26.77‰ to-30.04‰.The biomarkers and carbon isotope compositions of individual n-alkanes show that the organic material of the dolostone from the Maidiping Formation originates from two different kinds of organisms,that is,cyanobacteria and bacteria.Maybe some small shell animals input the original organic matter.
引文
[1]殷继成,丁莲芳,何廷贵,等.四川峨眉-甘洛地区震旦纪地层古生物及沉积环境[M].成都:四川人民出版社,1980:6-14.
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[15]王铁冠.试论我国某些原油与生油岩中的沉积环境生物标化合物[J].地球化学,1990,19(3):256-263.
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[19]SMITH A B,LITTLEWOOD D T.Paleontological data and molecular phylogenetic analysis[J].Paleobiology,1994,20(3):259-273.
[20]叶连俊.生物有机质成矿作用和成矿背景[M].北京:海洋出版社,1998:43-48.
[21]王启军,陈建渝.石油地球化学[M].武汉:武汉地质学院,1984.
[22]孟凡巍,周传明,燕夔,等.通过C27/C29甾烷和有机碳同位素来判断早古生代和前寒武纪的烃源岩的生物来源[J].微体古生物学报,2006,23(1):51-56.
[23]COLLISTER J W,LICHTFOUSE E,HIESHIMAG,et al.Partial resolution of soucees of n-alkanes inthe saline portion of the parachute Creek Member,Green River Formation Piceance Creek Basin,Colo-rado[J].Organic Geochemistry,1994,21(6-7):645-659.
[24]侯读杰,林壬子,王铁冠.中国陆相沉积饱和烃生物标志物研究的新进展[C]//油气勘探与油藏地球化学.北京:石油工业出版社,1998:49-60.
[25]张林晔,王铁冠,黄第藩,等.某些现代生物中正构烷烃碳同位素研究[J].科学通报,1998,43(22):2441-2444.
[26]MOSON K D,HAYES J M.Biosynthetic control ofthe natural abundance of carbon-13 at specific posi-tions within fatty acids in Saccharomyces cerevisiae[J].Journal of Biological Chemistry,1982,257(10):5568-5575.
[2]杨遵义,殷继成,何廷贵.四川西部峨眉、甘洛等地震旦纪晚期-寒武纪早期的遗迹化石[J].成都地质学院学报,1981,(4):61-67.
[3]BRASIER M D,MAGARITZ M,CORFIELD R,etal.The carbon and oxygen-isotope record of thePrecambrian-Cambrian boundary interval in China andIran and their correlation[J].Geological Magazine,1990,127(4):319-332.
[4]徐道一,毛雪瑛,张勤文,等.四川峨嵋麦地坪震旦系-寒武系界线剖面的中子活化分析研究[J].地质论评,1995,41(1):74-81.
[5]陈均远,李国祥.四川峨嵋早寒武世磷质铸模石内生物化石[J].科学通报,1991,27(7):558-559.
[6]SHIELDS G,STILLE P.Diagenetic constraints onthe use of cerium anomalies as palaeoseawater redoxproxies:an isotopic and REE study of Cambrianphosphorites[J].Chemical Geology,2001,175(1-2):29-48.
[7]杨杰东,孙卫国,王银喜,等.中国前寒武纪-寒武纪过渡期海水Sm-Nd同位素特征及其意义[J].中国科学(B辑),1994,24(2):202-208.
[8]谢仲全,陈天伦,饶明鑫,等.峨嵋幅区域地质图[R].成都:四川省地质矿产局,1990.
[9]温汉捷,裘愉卓,姚林波,等.中国若干下寒武统高硒地层的有机地球化学特征及生物标志物研究[J].地球化学,2000,29(1):28-34.
[10]CRANWELL P A,EGLINTON G,ROBINSON N.Lipids of aquatic organisms as potential contributorsto lacustrine sediments-Ⅱ[J].Organic Geochemis-try,1987,11(6):513-527.
[11]DIDYK B M,SIMONEIT B R T,BRASSELL S C,et al.Organic geochemical indicators of paleoenvir-onmental conditions of sedimentation[J].Nature,1978,272(5650):216-222.
[12]PETERS K E,MOLDOWAN J M.The BiomarkerGuide:Interpreting Molecular Fossils in Petroleumand Ancient Sediments[M].New Jersey:PrenticeHall,Inc,Englewood Cliffs,1993:270-271.
[13]VOLKMAN J K.A review of sterol markers formarine and terrigenous organic matter[J].OrganicGeochemistry,1986,9(3):83-99.
[14]TEN HAVEN H L,DE LEEUW J W,RULLK TTER J,et al.Restricted utility of thepristane/phytane ratio as palaeoenvironmental in di-cator[J].Nature,1987,330(6149):641-643.
[15]王铁冠.试论我国某些原油与生油岩中的沉积环境生物标化合物[J].地球化学,1990,19(3):256-263.
[16]吴朝东,杨承运,陈其英.湘西黑色岩系地球化学特征和成因意义[J].岩石矿物学杂志,1999,18(1):26-39.
[17]李美俊,王铁冠.扬子区新元古代“雪球”时期古环境的分子地球化学证据[J].地质学报,2007,81(2):220-229.
[18]王铁冠,钟宁宁,侯读杰,等.低熟油气形成机理与分布[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1995.
[19]SMITH A B,LITTLEWOOD D T.Paleontological data and molecular phylogenetic analysis[J].Paleobiology,1994,20(3):259-273.
[20]叶连俊.生物有机质成矿作用和成矿背景[M].北京:海洋出版社,1998:43-48.
[21]王启军,陈建渝.石油地球化学[M].武汉:武汉地质学院,1984.
[22]孟凡巍,周传明,燕夔,等.通过C27/C29甾烷和有机碳同位素来判断早古生代和前寒武纪的烃源岩的生物来源[J].微体古生物学报,2006,23(1):51-56.
[23]COLLISTER J W,LICHTFOUSE E,HIESHIMAG,et al.Partial resolution of soucees of n-alkanes inthe saline portion of the parachute Creek Member,Green River Formation Piceance Creek Basin,Colo-rado[J].Organic Geochemistry,1994,21(6-7):645-659.
[24]侯读杰,林壬子,王铁冠.中国陆相沉积饱和烃生物标志物研究的新进展[C]//油气勘探与油藏地球化学.北京:石油工业出版社,1998:49-60.
[25]张林晔,王铁冠,黄第藩,等.某些现代生物中正构烷烃碳同位素研究[J].科学通报,1998,43(22):2441-2444.
[26]MOSON K D,HAYES J M.Biosynthetic control ofthe natural abundance of carbon-13 at specific posi-tions within fatty acids in Saccharomyces cerevisiae[J].Journal of Biological Chemistry,1982,257(10):5568-5575.
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