西南暗色岩铜镍硫化物矿化岩体与峨眉山玄武岩的关系——以云南金宝山岩体为例
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摘要
本文以金宝山为典型实例,根据元素地球化学特征探讨了西南暗色岩铜镍硫化物矿化岩体与峨眉山玄武岩的关系。分析表明,金宝山超镁铁岩与低钛峨眉山玄武岩在元素地球化学特征上具有一致的岩浆成因属性,两者在成岩机制上互补,低钛峨眉山玄武岩普遍经历了橄榄石结晶分异和硫化物熔离亏损作用,金宝山成矿岩体则与低钛峨眉山玄武岩同源岩浆深部分异的堆晶相相对应,由堆晶橄榄石及熔离硫化物和部分残余熔体构成的“晶—糊”侵位形成,因此认为铜镍硫化物矿床成矿岩体与低钛峨眉山玄武岩为同源异相产物。
Cu-Ni-PGE deposits bearing intrusions are contemporaneous with Emeishan continental flood basalts,crops out in western part of Yangtze craton, southwestern China. They as a whole are believed to be linked genetically with mantle plume activities in Permian-Triassic boundary. By a case study on Jinbaoshan ultramafic intrusion,Yunnan,it shows that the intrusion have genetical connection with lower Ti Emeishan basalt in litho-geochemistry. They are counterpart of parental magma evolution process. The original magma experienced about 12% fractionation of olivine crystallization and segregation of sulfide. The fractionated olivine and segregated sulfide accumulated in the lower part of magma chamber mixed with some residual melt, forming "crystal-liquid mush",intruded to be mafic-ultramafic intrusion. Most part of the residual melt erupted out to become the Lower Ti Emeishan continental flood basalts. They are cogenetic rocks in different occurrence.
Cu-Ni-PGE deposits bearing intrusions are contemporaneous with Emeishan continental flood basalts,crops out in western part of Yangtze craton, southwestern China. They as a whole are believed to be linked genetically with mantle plume activities in Permian-Triassic boundary. By a case study on Jinbaoshan ultramafic intrusion,Yunnan,it shows that the intrusion have genetical connection with lower Ti Emeishan basalt in litho-geochemistry. They are counterpart of parental magma evolution process. The original magma experienced about 12% fractionation of olivine crystallization and segregation of sulfide. The fractionated olivine and segregated sulfide accumulated in the lower part of magma chamber mixed with some residual melt, forming "crystal-liquid mush",intruded to be mafic-ultramafic intrusion. Most part of the residual melt erupted out to become the Lower Ti Emeishan continental flood basalts. They are cogenetic rocks in different occurrence.
引文
① 杨廷祥.1989. 云南省弥渡县金宝山铂钯矿典型矿床研究报告云南地矿局第三地质大队(科研报告).
从柏林.1988. 攀西古裂谷的形成与演化.北京:科学出版社:283~287.
梅厚钧.1973. 西南暗色岩深渊分异两个系列的岩石化学特征与铁镍矿化的关系.地球化学,(4) :219~253
汤中立.1996. 中国岩浆硫化物矿床的主要成矿机制.地质学报,70(3) 237~243.
陶琰,高振敏,罗泰义,祁敬东,禾英军,杨廷祥.2002a.云南金宝山超镁铁岩原始岩浆成分反演.岩石学报,18(1) :70~82.
陶琰,高振敏,朱丹,罗泰义.2002b.金宝山铂族元素矿床深部熔离作用研究矿床地质,21(增刊):1021~1024
徐义刚,钟孙霖.2001。峨眉山大火成岩省:地幔柱活动的证据及其熔融条件.地球化学,30(1) :1~9.
杨星,李行.1992. 中国含铂基性超基性岩体与铂(族)矿床.西安交通大学出版社,88~91.
张成江,李晓林.1998. 峨眉山区玄武岩的铂族元素地球化学特征岩石学报,14(3) :299~304
张招崇,王福生.2002. 峨眉山玄武岩区两类玄武岩的地球化学:地幔柱-岩石圈相互作用的证据.地质学报,76(2) :281~288.
张宗清,卢记仁,唐索寒.1999. 攀西层状基性-超基性岩体的Sm-Nd年龄.地质学报,73(3) :263~271.
Boven A, Pasteels P, Punzalan L E. 2002. ~(4o)Ar/~(39) Ar geochronological constrains on the age and evolution of the Permo-Triassic Emeishan volcanic province, Southwest China. J. Asian Earth Sciences, 20: 157~175.
Brugmann G E, Naldrett A J. 1993. Siderophle and chalcophile metals as tracers of the evolution of the Sberian Trap in Noril'sk region,Russia. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 57:2001~2018.
Cong Bolin. 1988. The Formation and Evolution of Panzhihua-Xichang Ancient Rift. Beijing: Science Press, 283~287 (in Chinese).
Keays R R. 1995. The role of komatiitic and picritic magmatism and S-saturation in the formation of ore deposits. Lithos, 34: 1~18.
Lo C H,Chung S L,Lee T Y, Wu G Y. 2002. Age of the Emeishan food magmatism and relations to Permian-Triassic boundary events. Earth Planet Sci. Lett., 198:449~458.
Mathoney J J, Coffin M. 1997. Large igneous province: Continental,oceanic, and planetary flood volcanism. AGU Geophisical Monography, 100: 438.
Mei Houjun. 1973. The relationship between the petrochemical characteristics of two trap series in South Western China and related iron and nickle mineralizations. Geochemica. (4) :219~253 (in Chinese with English abstract).
Pearce J A,Cann J R. 1973. Tectonic setting of basic volcanic rocks determined using trace element analysis. Earth Planet Sci. Lett.,19: 293~300.
Rehkamper M,Halliday A N,Fitton J G. 1999. Ir l Ru, Pt, and Pd in basalts and komatiites: New constraints for the geochemical behavior of the platinum-group elements in the mantle. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 63: 3915~3934.
Roeder P L, Emslie R F. 1970. Olivine-liquid equilibrium. Contrb.Mineral. Petrol., 29: 275~289.
Song X Y, Zhou M F, Hou Z Q, Cao Z M, Wang Y L, Li Y G.2001. Geochemical constraints on the mantle source of the upper Permian Emeishan continental flood basalts, southwestern China. International Geology Review, 43:212~225.
Sun S S, McDonough W F. 1989. Chemical and isotopic systematics of oceanic basalts: implications for mantle composition and processes. Saunders A D, Norry M J. eds. Magrnatism in the Ocean Basins. Oxford: Spec. Publ., 42: 313~345.
Tang Zhongli. 1996. The main mineralization mechanism of magma sulfide deposits in china. Acta Geological Sinica. 70 (3) : 237~243(in Chinese with English abstract).
Tao Yan, Gao Zhenmin, Luo Taiyi, Qi Jingdong, He Yingjun, Yang Tingxiang. 2002a. Inversion of primary magma composition for Jinbaoshan ultramafic intrusion, Yunnan. Acta Petrologica Sinica,18 (1) : 70~82 (in Chinese with English abstract).
Tao Yan, Gao Zhenmin, Zhu Dan, Luo Taiyi. 2002b. A study on magmatic segregation of sulfide liquids in magma chamber of Jinbaoshan PGE deposit. Mineral deposits, 21 (supp): 1021~1024(in Chinese).
Weaver B L. 1991. The origin of island basalt end-menber compositions: trace element and isotopic constraints. Earth Planet Sci. Lett., 104: 381~397.
Xu Y, Chung S L, Jahn B M, Wu G Y. 2001. Petrologic and geochemical constraints on the Petrologenisis of Permian-Triassic Emeishan flood basalts in southwestern China. Lithos. 58: 145~168.
Xu Yigang, Chung Sunlin. 2001. The Emeishan large igneous province: evidence for mantle plume activity and melting conditions. Geochimica, 30 (1) : 1~9 (in Chinese with English abstract).
Yang Xing,Li Hang. 1992. Pt-bearing basic and ultrabasic bodies and Pt(Group) deposits in China. Xian Jiaotong University Press,88~91 (in Chinese with English abstract).
Zhang Chengjiang, Li Xiaolin. 1998. Geochemical characteristics of platinum group elements in Emeishan basalts. Acta Petrologica Sinica, 14 (3) : 299~304 (in Chinese with English abstract).
Zhang Zhaochong, Wang Fusheng. 2002. Geochemistry of two types of basalts in the Emeishan basalts province: evidence for mantle plume-lithosphere interaction. Acta Geologica Sinica (English Edition), 76 (2) : 229~237.
Zhang Zongqing, Lu Jiren,Tang Suohan. 1999. Sm-Nd ages of Panxi layered basic-ultrabasic intrusions in Sichuan. Acta Geological Sinica, 73 (3) : 263~271 (in Chinese with English abstract).
Zhou M F, Malpas J, Song X Y. 2002. A temporal link between the Emeishan large igneous province (SW China) and the end-Guadalupian mass extinction. Earth Planet Sci. Lett., 196: 113~122.
从柏林.1988. 攀西古裂谷的形成与演化.北京:科学出版社:283~287.
梅厚钧.1973. 西南暗色岩深渊分异两个系列的岩石化学特征与铁镍矿化的关系.地球化学,(4) :219~253
汤中立.1996. 中国岩浆硫化物矿床的主要成矿机制.地质学报,70(3) 237~243.
陶琰,高振敏,罗泰义,祁敬东,禾英军,杨廷祥.2002a.云南金宝山超镁铁岩原始岩浆成分反演.岩石学报,18(1) :70~82.
陶琰,高振敏,朱丹,罗泰义.2002b.金宝山铂族元素矿床深部熔离作用研究矿床地质,21(增刊):1021~1024
徐义刚,钟孙霖.2001。峨眉山大火成岩省:地幔柱活动的证据及其熔融条件.地球化学,30(1) :1~9.
杨星,李行.1992. 中国含铂基性超基性岩体与铂(族)矿床.西安交通大学出版社,88~91.
张成江,李晓林.1998. 峨眉山区玄武岩的铂族元素地球化学特征岩石学报,14(3) :299~304
张招崇,王福生.2002. 峨眉山玄武岩区两类玄武岩的地球化学:地幔柱-岩石圈相互作用的证据.地质学报,76(2) :281~288.
张宗清,卢记仁,唐索寒.1999. 攀西层状基性-超基性岩体的Sm-Nd年龄.地质学报,73(3) :263~271.
Boven A, Pasteels P, Punzalan L E. 2002. ~(4o)Ar/~(39) Ar geochronological constrains on the age and evolution of the Permo-Triassic Emeishan volcanic province, Southwest China. J. Asian Earth Sciences, 20: 157~175.
Brugmann G E, Naldrett A J. 1993. Siderophle and chalcophile metals as tracers of the evolution of the Sberian Trap in Noril'sk region,Russia. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 57:2001~2018.
Cong Bolin. 1988. The Formation and Evolution of Panzhihua-Xichang Ancient Rift. Beijing: Science Press, 283~287 (in Chinese).
Keays R R. 1995. The role of komatiitic and picritic magmatism and S-saturation in the formation of ore deposits. Lithos, 34: 1~18.
Lo C H,Chung S L,Lee T Y, Wu G Y. 2002. Age of the Emeishan food magmatism and relations to Permian-Triassic boundary events. Earth Planet Sci. Lett., 198:449~458.
Mathoney J J, Coffin M. 1997. Large igneous province: Continental,oceanic, and planetary flood volcanism. AGU Geophisical Monography, 100: 438.
Mei Houjun. 1973. The relationship between the petrochemical characteristics of two trap series in South Western China and related iron and nickle mineralizations. Geochemica. (4) :219~253 (in Chinese with English abstract).
Pearce J A,Cann J R. 1973. Tectonic setting of basic volcanic rocks determined using trace element analysis. Earth Planet Sci. Lett.,19: 293~300.
Rehkamper M,Halliday A N,Fitton J G. 1999. Ir l Ru, Pt, and Pd in basalts and komatiites: New constraints for the geochemical behavior of the platinum-group elements in the mantle. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 63: 3915~3934.
Roeder P L, Emslie R F. 1970. Olivine-liquid equilibrium. Contrb.Mineral. Petrol., 29: 275~289.
Song X Y, Zhou M F, Hou Z Q, Cao Z M, Wang Y L, Li Y G.2001. Geochemical constraints on the mantle source of the upper Permian Emeishan continental flood basalts, southwestern China. International Geology Review, 43:212~225.
Sun S S, McDonough W F. 1989. Chemical and isotopic systematics of oceanic basalts: implications for mantle composition and processes. Saunders A D, Norry M J. eds. Magrnatism in the Ocean Basins. Oxford: Spec. Publ., 42: 313~345.
Tang Zhongli. 1996. The main mineralization mechanism of magma sulfide deposits in china. Acta Geological Sinica. 70 (3) : 237~243(in Chinese with English abstract).
Tao Yan, Gao Zhenmin, Luo Taiyi, Qi Jingdong, He Yingjun, Yang Tingxiang. 2002a. Inversion of primary magma composition for Jinbaoshan ultramafic intrusion, Yunnan. Acta Petrologica Sinica,18 (1) : 70~82 (in Chinese with English abstract).
Tao Yan, Gao Zhenmin, Zhu Dan, Luo Taiyi. 2002b. A study on magmatic segregation of sulfide liquids in magma chamber of Jinbaoshan PGE deposit. Mineral deposits, 21 (supp): 1021~1024(in Chinese).
Weaver B L. 1991. The origin of island basalt end-menber compositions: trace element and isotopic constraints. Earth Planet Sci. Lett., 104: 381~397.
Xu Y, Chung S L, Jahn B M, Wu G Y. 2001. Petrologic and geochemical constraints on the Petrologenisis of Permian-Triassic Emeishan flood basalts in southwestern China. Lithos. 58: 145~168.
Xu Yigang, Chung Sunlin. 2001. The Emeishan large igneous province: evidence for mantle plume activity and melting conditions. Geochimica, 30 (1) : 1~9 (in Chinese with English abstract).
Yang Xing,Li Hang. 1992. Pt-bearing basic and ultrabasic bodies and Pt(Group) deposits in China. Xian Jiaotong University Press,88~91 (in Chinese with English abstract).
Zhang Chengjiang, Li Xiaolin. 1998. Geochemical characteristics of platinum group elements in Emeishan basalts. Acta Petrologica Sinica, 14 (3) : 299~304 (in Chinese with English abstract).
Zhang Zhaochong, Wang Fusheng. 2002. Geochemistry of two types of basalts in the Emeishan basalts province: evidence for mantle plume-lithosphere interaction. Acta Geologica Sinica (English Edition), 76 (2) : 229~237.
Zhang Zongqing, Lu Jiren,Tang Suohan. 1999. Sm-Nd ages of Panxi layered basic-ultrabasic intrusions in Sichuan. Acta Geological Sinica, 73 (3) : 263~271 (in Chinese with English abstract).
Zhou M F, Malpas J, Song X Y. 2002. A temporal link between the Emeishan large igneous province (SW China) and the end-Guadalupian mass extinction. Earth Planet Sci. Lett., 196: 113~122.
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