泸州古隆起对贵州赤水地区早、中三叠世沉积环境和相带展布的控制
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摘要
在地质历史中,区域大地构造和区域古地貌单元的不同特征是控制沉积相带展布及发育的主要因素之一。东吴运动形成的泸州古隆起是影响本区沉积相带展布的重要因素。早、中三叠世时,泸州古隆起的高部位向南延伸到太和场以南,宝元以北一带。宝元、龙爪等构造处于泸州古隆起东南部斜坡上,而宝元构造处于古隆起东南部斜坡上部,龙爪构造处于古隆起东南部斜坡中部。此古地貌格局,与区域海平面升降一起,控制了早三叠世沉积相带展布和地层厚度。在古地貌高的隆起区域,由于水体开阔、水动力条件相对较强,沉积了有利于形成储集体的滩相沉积物(生屑滩、砂屑滩、鲕粒滩等)。从泸州古隆起的高部位向古隆起的斜坡区,地层厚度逐渐增大,沉积物向粒度变细、颜色加深的特征相变。
In the geological history, the distribution and the development of sedimentary facies was controlled by the regional tectonics and the regional relief. The Luzhou Uplift, which under the influence of Dongwu Movement, was one of the important controlling factors for the distribution of the Mesozoic sedimentary environment and the sedimentary facies in the area of southern Sichuan basin. During the Early and the Middle Triassic, the Luzhou Uplift developed and stretched to the south, the regional topography characteristic influenced the local sedimentary environment change and sea-level controlled the sedimentary facies distribution and the thickness of strata. For example, the Baoyuan and the Longzhao are two gas-bearing structures, in which the reservoirs distribute in lower Triassic. Both of these two gas-bearing structures are located at the south slope of the Luzhou Uplift, but the position of the Baoyua structure is on the upper part of the slope, and the Longzhao structure is on the lower slope. The position of the Baoyuan structure is higher than that of the Longzhao. At the high slope of the Uplift, the open sea environment had the stronger hydro-energy, the different banks such as oncolite and bioclastic could be deposited in this area. This sedimentary environment is better for reservoirs formation. From the higher part to the lower part of the Luzhou Uplift, along with the depth of water increased, the thickness of the strata increased, and the grain of the sediments decreased which was the representative of deeper water deposition.
In the geological history, the distribution and the development of sedimentary facies was controlled by the regional tectonics and the regional relief. The Luzhou Uplift, which under the influence of Dongwu Movement, was one of the important controlling factors for the distribution of the Mesozoic sedimentary environment and the sedimentary facies in the area of southern Sichuan basin. During the Early and the Middle Triassic, the Luzhou Uplift developed and stretched to the south, the regional topography characteristic influenced the local sedimentary environment change and sea-level controlled the sedimentary facies distribution and the thickness of strata. For example, the Baoyuan and the Longzhao are two gas-bearing structures, in which the reservoirs distribute in lower Triassic. Both of these two gas-bearing structures are located at the south slope of the Luzhou Uplift, but the position of the Baoyua structure is on the upper part of the slope, and the Longzhao structure is on the lower slope. The position of the Baoyuan structure is higher than that of the Longzhao. At the high slope of the Uplift, the open sea environment had the stronger hydro-energy, the different banks such as oncolite and bioclastic could be deposited in this area. This sedimentary environment is better for reservoirs formation. From the higher part to the lower part of the Luzhou Uplift, along with the depth of water increased, the thickness of the strata increased, and the grain of the sediments decreased which was the representative of deeper water deposition.
引文
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3董兆雄.华南泥盆纪生物礁及其控制因素初探[J].西南石油学院学报,1987,9(4):1-14[Dong Zhaoxiong.Preliminary approach to De-vonian reefs and their control factors in South China[J].Journal of Southwest Petroleum Institute,1987,9(4):1-14]
4张廷山,陈晓慧,边立曾,等.大地构造对上扬子区志留纪生物礁分布及发育的控制[J].沉积学报,1996,14(4):84-93[Zhang Tings-han,Chen Xiaohui,Bian Lizeng,et al.Tectonic control of the Silurian reef distribution and development on Upper Yangtze Platform[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,1996,14(4):84-93]
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6Copper P,Brunton F.A global reviewof Silurian reefs[J].Special Pa-pers in Palaeontology,1991,(44):225-259
7Kershaw S.Sedimentation control on growth of stromatoporaid reef in the Silurian of Gotland,Sweden[J].Journal of the Geological Society,London,1993,(150):197-205
8安作相.泸州古隆起与川南油气[J].石油实验地质,1996,18(3):267-273[An Zuoxiang.Luzhou paleo-uplifts and petroleum in south Sichuan[J].Petroleum Geology&Experiment,1996,18(3):267-273
9安作相.泸州古隆起及嘉陵江灰岩含油气性的三个问题[J].西安石油学院学报,1997,12(2):16-20[An Zuoxiang.Luzhou Paleo-up-lifts and petroliferous character of Jialingjiang Formation limestone[J].Journal of Xi’an Petroleum Institute,1997,12(2):16-20]
10李晓清,汪泽成.四川盆地古隆起特征及对天然气的控制作用[J].石油与天然气地质,2001,22(4):347351[Li Xiaoqing,Wang Zecheng.Characteristics of paleo-uplifts in Sichuang Basin and their control action on natural gases[J].Oil and Gas Geology,2001,22(4):347-351]
11许效松,刘宝君,赵玉光,等.上扬子西缘二叠纪—三叠纪层序地层与盆山转换耦合[M].北京:地质出版社,1997[Xu Xiaosong,Liu Baojun,Zhao Yuguan,et al.Permian-Triassic Sequence Stratig-raphy and Basin-Range Coupling of the Western Margin of Upper Yan-gtze Platform in China[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House,1997]
12李晓清,汪泽成,张兴为,等.四川盆地古隆起特征及对天然气的控制[J].石油与天然气地质,2001,22(4):347-351[Li Xiaoqing,Wang Zecheng,Zhang Xingwei,et al.Characterristics of paleo-uplifts in Sichuan Basin and their control action on natural gases[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2001,22(4):347-351]
13宋文海.对四川盆地加里东古隆起的新认识[J].天然气工业,1987,7(3):25-31[Song Wenhai.Some newknowledge of Caledonian Paleo-uplift in Sichuan Basin[J].Natural Gas Industry,1987,7(3):25-31]
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