长江和珠江水系1龄草鱼生长性能分析
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摘要
为评估长江水系和珠江水系草鱼Ctenopharyngodon idella群体的生长性能,在广东佛山对来自长江水系的监利、石首、宁乡草鱼群体和来自珠江水系的清远、佛山、肇庆草鱼群体的繁殖后代进行生长对比试验,从每个群体随机选择300尾样品,注射电子芯片标记后同塘养殖,并分别在4、8、12月龄时测量样品的体质量和体长性状。结果表明:4月龄时,6个群体间体质量和体长差异均不显著(P>0.05),8月龄时,群体间体质量和体长差异逐渐增加;12月龄时,佛山群体平均体质量最大(671.59 g),比其他群体平均体质量大1.25%~16.79%,清远群体平均体质量最小(82.92 g),监利群体平均体长最长(31.11cm),比其他群体长4%~16%,清远群体平均体长最短(26.92 cm),显著短于其他群体(P<0.05);12月龄时,珠江水系3个群体草鱼肥满度为2.55~3.30,长江水系草鱼肥满度为2.07~2.52,珠江水系草鱼群体的肥满度明显高于长江水系。本研究结果可为快速生长草鱼新品种基础种群的确定提供依据。
Three hundred individuals of grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idella were randomly sampled from six populations including Yangtze River(Jianli population,Shishou population,and Ningxiang population) and Pearl River(Qingyuan population,Foshan population,and Zhaoqing population) and cultured in the same pond to assess growth performance in stocks of grass carp.Body weight and body length of grass carp were measured at 4 months old,8 months old and 12 months old.The results showed that there was no significant difference in initial body weight and body length of the six population(P>0.05).However,the difference in body weight and body length was found to be gradually increased,with average body weight of 671.59 g in Foshan population,1.25%-16.79%higher than that in other stocks,the minimum average body weight of 82.92 g in Qingyuan population in12 months.The Jianli population had average body length of 31.11 cm,4%-16%higher than that in other stocks.The minimal body length of 26.92 cm was observed in Qingyuan population,significantly lower than that in other populations(P<0.05).In 12 months,the Pearl River populations had condition factor of 2.55-3.30,and Yangtze River populations condition factor of 2.07-2.52,higher in Yangtze River populations than in the Pearl River ones.The findings will lay foundation for searching for good growth grass carp populations.
Three hundred individuals of grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idella were randomly sampled from six populations including Yangtze River(Jianli population,Shishou population,and Ningxiang population) and Pearl River(Qingyuan population,Foshan population,and Zhaoqing population) and cultured in the same pond to assess growth performance in stocks of grass carp.Body weight and body length of grass carp were measured at 4 months old,8 months old and 12 months old.The results showed that there was no significant difference in initial body weight and body length of the six population(P>0.05).However,the difference in body weight and body length was found to be gradually increased,with average body weight of 671.59 g in Foshan population,1.25%-16.79%higher than that in other stocks,the minimum average body weight of 82.92 g in Qingyuan population in12 months.The Jianli population had average body length of 31.11 cm,4%-16%higher than that in other stocks.The minimal body length of 26.92 cm was observed in Qingyuan population,significantly lower than that in other populations(P<0.05).In 12 months,the Pearl River populations had condition factor of 2.55-3.30,and Yangtze River populations condition factor of 2.07-2.52,higher in Yangtze River populations than in the Pearl River ones.The findings will lay foundation for searching for good growth grass carp populations.
引文
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[18]宋晓,李思发,王成辉,等.草鱼中国土著群体与欧美日移居群体遗传差异的线粒体序列分析[J].水生生物学报,2009,33(4):709-716.
[19]傅建军,王荣泉,刘峰,等.长江草鱼♀×珠江草鱼(?)杂交子一代与其亲本一龄阶段生长性能和体型分析[J].安徽农业科学,2009,37(23):11037-11039.
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[21]殷名称.鱼类生态学[M].北京:中国农业出版社,1993:53.
[22]戴强,戴健洪,李成,等.关于肥满度指数的讨论[J].应用与环境生物学报,2006,12(5):715-718.
[23]李思发,周碧云,叶猗龙,等.不同群体鳙的生长性能与遗传分析[J].水生生物学报,1989,13(4):319-325.
[24]张跃环,闫喜武,霍忠明,等.不同地理群体菲律宾蛤仔生长发育的比较[J].大连水产学院学报,2009,24(1):34-39.
[2]李思忠,方芳.鲢、鳙、青、草鱼地理分布的研究[J].动物学报,1990,36(3):244-250.
[3]李思发,吴力钊,王强.长江、珠江、黑龙江鲢、鳙、草鱼种质资源研究[J].上海:上海科学技术出版社,1990:25-48.
[4]曹婷婷,白俊杰,王解香,等.草鱼遗传结构和遗传多样性的研究概况[J].中国农学通报,2012,28(5):76-80.
[5]吴力钊,王祖.长江中游草鱼天然种群的生化遗传结构及变异[J].遗传学报,1992,19(3):221-227.
[6]赵金良,李思发.长江中下游鲢、鳙、草鱼、青鱼种群分化的同工酶分析[J].水产学报,1996,20(2):104-110.
[7]李思发,吕国庆,贝纳切滋L.长江中下游鲢鳙草青四大家鱼线粒体DNA多样性分析[J].动物学报,1998,44(1):82-93.
[8]吴海防,董仕,单淇,等.3个群体草鱼mtDNA D-loop的PCRRFLP分析[J].水产科学,2006,25(4):184-188.
[9]张四明,邓怀,汪登强,等.长江水系鲢和草鱼遗传结构及变异性的RAPD研究[J].水生生物学报,2001,25(4):324-330.
[10]张方,米志勇,毛钟荣,等.草鱼(Ctenopharyngodon idellus)线粒体DNA控制区及其两侧tRNA基因的克隆与结构分析[J].中国生物化学与分子生物学报,1999,15(3):417-422.
[11]Wang C H,Chen Q,Lu G Q,et al.Complete mitochondrial genome of the grass carp(Ctenopharyngodon idella,Teleostei):insight into its phylogenic position within Cyprinidae[J].Gene,2008,424(1-2):96-101.
[12]郝君,杨蔷,鲍迪,等.6种鱼mtDNA D-loop及其邻近区段的序列比较分析[J].大连海洋大学学报,2013,28(2):160-165.
[13]廖小林,俞小牧,谭德清,等.长江水系草鱼遗传多样性的微卫星DNA分析[J].水生生物学报,2005,29(2):113-119.
[14]王解香,于凌云,白俊杰,等.草鱼EST-SSR标记及5个不同地域群体的遗传结构分析[J].动物学杂志,2011,46(5):24-32.
[15]Liu F,Xia J H,Bai Z Y,et al.High genetic diversity and substantial population differentiation in grass carp(Ctenopharyngodon idella)revealed by microsatellite analysis[J].Aquaculture,2009,297(1-4):51-56.
[16]Yu L Y.Bai J J.Cao T T,et al.Genetic variability and relationships among six grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idella populations in China estimated using EST-SNP Markers[J].Fisheries Science,2014,80(3):475-481.
[17]刘小献,白俊杰,于凌云,等.草鱼载脂蛋白A-I-1基因3'非编码区SNPs筛选及其与生长性状的关联分析[J].大连海洋大学学报,2012,27(1):12-17.
[18]宋晓,李思发,王成辉,等.草鱼中国土著群体与欧美日移居群体遗传差异的线粒体序列分析[J].水生生物学报,2009,33(4):709-716.
[19]傅建军,王荣泉,刘峰,等.长江草鱼♀×珠江草鱼(?)杂交子一代与其亲本一龄阶段生长性能和体型分析[J].安徽农业科学,2009,37(23):11037-11039.
[20]张文彤.SPSS 11统计分析教程(高级篇)[M].北京:北京希望电子出版社,2002:27-31.
[21]殷名称.鱼类生态学[M].北京:中国农业出版社,1993:53.
[22]戴强,戴健洪,李成,等.关于肥满度指数的讨论[J].应用与环境生物学报,2006,12(5):715-718.
[23]李思发,周碧云,叶猗龙,等.不同群体鳙的生长性能与遗传分析[J].水生生物学报,1989,13(4):319-325.
[24]张跃环,闫喜武,霍忠明,等.不同地理群体菲律宾蛤仔生长发育的比较[J].大连水产学院学报,2009,24(1):34-39.
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