1920-30年代的上海报人与帮会
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摘要
民国时期,上海帮会势力的恶性膨胀和升腾成为报人生存与发展无法回避的一种社会环境。因新闻竞争的需要和社会压力的胁迫,以及帮会势力的威逼利诱,致使报人结帮入会成为一种普遍现象。而上海帮会作为近代中国社会新陈代谢畸变的产物,有着与生俱来的反动性和破坏性。因此,当帮会势力染指新闻界后,诱逼报人腐败堕落,侵蚀报馆组织管理,操控报刊新闻言论,对中国新闻事业的发展产生严重的消极影响。
Shanghai journalists had to face the social environment that gang group power was expanding in the Republic of China.It was the common phenomenon that journalists joined the gang groups due to news competition and social pressure.However,Shanghai gang groups had the characteristics of reaction and destruction as the result of semi-feudal and semicolonial society.The gang group power brought the negative influence on the China journalism career.because the press management and news discourse were controlled by them and journalists became corrupted and degenerated.
Shanghai journalists had to face the social environment that gang group power was expanding in the Republic of China.It was the common phenomenon that journalists joined the gang groups due to news competition and social pressure.However,Shanghai gang groups had the characteristics of reaction and destruction as the result of semi-feudal and semicolonial society.The gang group power brought the negative influence on the China journalism career.because the press management and news discourse were controlled by them and journalists became corrupted and degenerated.
引文
包天笑(2009).《钏影楼回忆录》.北京:中国大百科全书出版社.[Bao,Tianxiao(2009).BAO Tian-xiao's reminiscences.Beijing:China Encyclopedia Press.]
曹世瑛(1991).从练习生到外勤课主任.载周雨(编),《大公报人忆旧》.北京:中国文史出版社.[Cao,Shi-ying(1991).From trianee to the director of interview department.In Zhou Yu(ed.),Reminiscences of takungpao's Men,Beijing:China Culture&Philosophy Press]
陈独秀(1987).《独秀文存》.合肥:安徽人民出版社.[Chen,Duxiu(1987).Collected Works of Duxiu.Hefei:Anhui People's Publishing House.]
陈国屏(1990).《清门考原》.上海:上海文艺出版社.[Chen,Guoping(1990).Reaearch on the origin ofqingmen.Shanghai:Shanghai Literature and Art Publishing House.]
成舍我(2010).我所理想的新闻教育.载龙伟,任羽中,王晓安(编),《民国新闻教育史料选辑》.北京:北京大学出版社.[Cheng,Shewo(201()).My ideal of journalism education.In Long Wei,Ren Yuzhong&Wang Xiaoan(eds.),Data selecions of journalism education in the Republic of China Beijing:Beijing University Press]
冯英子(1986).《我所走过的道路》.杭州:浙江人民出版社.[Feng,Yingzi(1986).Autobiography of Feng Yingzi.Hangzhou:Zhejiang People's Publishing House.]
冯英子(1999).《劲草——冯英子自传》.上海:华东师范大学出版社.[Feng,Yingzi(1999).Autobiography of Feng Ying-zi.Shanghai:East China Normal University Press.]
顾执中(1985).《战斗中的新闻记者》.北京:新华出版社.[Gu.Zhizhong(1985).Journalist in the battle.Beijing:Xinhua Press.]
顾执中(1987).《报人生涯——一个新闻工作者的自述》.南京:江苏古籍出版社.[Gu,Zhizhong(1987).Journalist's life:reminiscences of a Journalist.Nanjing:Jiangsu AncientBooks Publishing House.]
郭绪印(1997).《旧上海黑社会》上海:上海人民出版社.[Guo,Xuyin(1997).Gang group in old Shanghai.Shanghai:Shanghai People's Publishing House.]
洪维清(1986).张仁奎与仁社.载《上海文史资料选辑》第54辑.上海:上海人民出版社.[Hong,Weiqing(1986).Zhangrenkui and Ren Club.In Shanghai literature and history data collecion.Vol.54.Shanghai:Shanghai People's Publishing House]
洪煜(2007).《近代上海小报与市民文化研究(1897-1937)》.上海:上海书店出版社.[Hong,Yu(2007).Research on the modern Shanghai tabloid and civic culture(1897-1937).Shanghai:Shanghai Bookstore Publishing House.]
黄旦(1997).《《新闻传播学》(修订版)》.杭州:浙江大学出版社.[Huang,Dan(1997).Journalism and communication.Hangzhou:Zhejiang University Press.]
黄卓明,俞振基(1983).关于时事新报的所见所闻.《新闻与传播研究》,19(3),181-209.[Huang.Zhuoming&Yu,Zhenji(1983).Memoirs of China Current Events and News.Journal of Journalism and Communication Research,19(3),181-209.]
姜豪(1986).青帮的源流及其演变.载《上海文史资料选辑》第54辑.上海:上海人民出版社.[Jiang.Hao(1986).The source and course of Qing Gang.In Shanghai literature and history data collecion.Vol.54.Shanghai:Shanghai People's Publishing House]
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李时新(2011).1946年上海<立报>改组探因——澄清〈立报〉晚期的一段史实.《新闻知识》,27(12),86-88.[Li,Shixin(2011).On the Reform of Li Bao in 1946.News Research,27(12),86-88.]
林仲易(1938).改良社会新闻与多聘外勤记者.载王文彬(编),《报人之路》.上海:上海三江书店.[Lin,Zhongyi(1938).Improved social news and imployed reporters.In Wang Wenbin(ed.),The road of journalist.Shanghai:Sanjiang Bookstore]
平言(2001).杜月笙与商报.载《上海文史资料存稿汇编》.上海:上海古籍出版社.[Ping,Yan(2001).Du Yuesheng and Business Newspaper.InShanghai:Shanghai AncientBooks Publishing House]
邵飘萍(2008).实际应用新闻学.载肖东发,邓绍根(编),《邵飘萍新闻学论集》.北京:北京大学出版社.[Shao,Piaoping(2008).The Practice of journalism.In In Xiao Dongfa&Deng Shaogen(ed.).Shao Piaoping's collected papers of journalism.Beijing:Beijing University Press]
石君(1986).上海三大亨的勾结和斗争.载《《上海文史资料选辑》第54辑.上海:上海人民出版社.[Shi,Jun(1986).The collusion and collision between three Tycoon in Shanghai.In Shanghai literature and history data collecion.Vol.54.Shanghai:Shanghai People's Publishing House]
苏智良,陈丽菲(1991).《近代上海黑社会研究》.杭州:浙江人民出版社.[Su,Zhiliang&Chen,Linfei(1991).Research on gang group in modern Shanghai.Hangzhou:Zhejiang People's Publishing House.]
王敏(2008).《上海报人社会生活(1872-1949)》.上海:上海辞书出版社.[Wang,Min(2008).Social life of journalists in Shanghai(1872-1949).Shanghai:Shanghai Dictionary Press.]
王文彬(1938).《采访讲话》.上海:三江书店.[Wang,Wen-bin(1938).Introduction to Interview.Shanghai:Sanjiang Bookstore.]
王文彬(1990).《新闻工作六十年》.重庆:重庆出版社.[Wang,Wen-bin(1990).Six Decades of Journalist's Work.Chongqing:Chongqing Press.]
王芝琛(2001).《百年沧桑:〈大公报〉与王芸生》.北京:中国工人出版社.[Wang,Zhichen(2001).One Hunderd Years of Vicissitudes.Takungpao and Wangyunsheng.Beijing:Chinese Workers Press.]
谢六逸(2010).新闻教育的重要及其设施.载龙伟,任羽中,王晓安(编),《民国新闻教育史料选辑》.北京:北京大学出版社.[Xie,Liuyi(2010).The importance and instruments of journalism education.In Long Wei,Ren Yuzhong&Wang Xiaoan(eds.),Data selecions of journalism education in the Republic of China.Beijing:Beijing University Press]
徐铸成(2009a).《报人张季鸾先生传》.上海:三联书店.[Xu,Zhucheng(2009a).Biography of Zhang Jiluan.Shanghai:Sanlian Bookstore.]
徐铸成(2009b).《杜月笙正传》.上海:三联书店.[Xu.Zhucheng(2009b).Biography of Du Yuesheng.Shanghai:Sanlian Bookstore.]
徐铸成(2010).《报海旧闻》(修订本).上海:三联书店.[Xu.Zhucheng(2010).Press memoirs.Shanghai:Sanlian Bookstore.]
张默(1962).六十年来之申报.载李忍寒(编),《申报七十七年史料》.上海:油印本.[Zhang,Mo(1962).The 60 years of Shenbao.InShanghai:Mimeographed]
张铨(1993).近代上海帮会透视.《史林》,7(4),63-70.[Zhang,Quan(1993).On the gang group in old Shanghai.Historical Review,7(4),63-70.]
张万里(1938).新闻记者应有的修养.载王文彬(编),《报人之路》.上海:上海三江书店.[Zhang,Wanli(1938).On journalist's accomplishment.In Li Renhan(ed.),The 77 years of Shenbao.Shanghai:Sanjiang Bookstore]
张友鸾等(1982).《世界日报兴衰史》.重庆:重庆出版社.[Zhang,Youluan Et Al(1982).The rise and decline of World Newspaper.Chongqing:Chongqing Publishing House.]
章君榖(1980).《杜月笙传》、台北:台湾传记文学出版社.[Zhang,Junhu(1980).Biography of Du YueSheng.Taipei:Taiwan Biographical Literature Publishing House.]
周育民,邵雍(1993).《中国帮会史》.上海:上海人民出版社.[Zhou,Yumin&Shao,Yong(1993).History of Chinese gang.Shanghai:Shanghai People's Publishing House.]
朱学范(1986).《旧上海的帮会》.上海:上海人民出版社.[Zhu,Xuefan(1986).Gang group in old Shanghai.Shanghai:Shanghai People's Publishing House.]
朱至刚(2012).抗战前上海帮会与报界关系管窥:以张竹平为主要案例.《新闻春秋》,(1),55-57.[Zhu,Zhigang(2012).On the relationship between gang group and journalism before the war of resistance against Japanese aggression:a case study of Zhang zhuping.Journal of Chinese Journalism History,(1),55-57.]
曹世瑛(1991).从练习生到外勤课主任.载周雨(编),《大公报人忆旧》.北京:中国文史出版社.[Cao,Shi-ying(1991).From trianee to the director of interview department.In Zhou Yu(ed.),Reminiscences of takungpao's Men,Beijing:China Culture&Philosophy Press]
陈独秀(1987).《独秀文存》.合肥:安徽人民出版社.[Chen,Duxiu(1987).Collected Works of Duxiu.Hefei:Anhui People's Publishing House.]
陈国屏(1990).《清门考原》.上海:上海文艺出版社.[Chen,Guoping(1990).Reaearch on the origin ofqingmen.Shanghai:Shanghai Literature and Art Publishing House.]
成舍我(2010).我所理想的新闻教育.载龙伟,任羽中,王晓安(编),《民国新闻教育史料选辑》.北京:北京大学出版社.[Cheng,Shewo(201()).My ideal of journalism education.In Long Wei,Ren Yuzhong&Wang Xiaoan(eds.),Data selecions of journalism education in the Republic of China Beijing:Beijing University Press]
冯英子(1986).《我所走过的道路》.杭州:浙江人民出版社.[Feng,Yingzi(1986).Autobiography of Feng Yingzi.Hangzhou:Zhejiang People's Publishing House.]
冯英子(1999).《劲草——冯英子自传》.上海:华东师范大学出版社.[Feng,Yingzi(1999).Autobiography of Feng Ying-zi.Shanghai:East China Normal University Press.]
顾执中(1985).《战斗中的新闻记者》.北京:新华出版社.[Gu.Zhizhong(1985).Journalist in the battle.Beijing:Xinhua Press.]
顾执中(1987).《报人生涯——一个新闻工作者的自述》.南京:江苏古籍出版社.[Gu,Zhizhong(1987).Journalist's life:reminiscences of a Journalist.Nanjing:Jiangsu AncientBooks Publishing House.]
郭绪印(1997).《旧上海黑社会》上海:上海人民出版社.[Guo,Xuyin(1997).Gang group in old Shanghai.Shanghai:Shanghai People's Publishing House.]
洪维清(1986).张仁奎与仁社.载《上海文史资料选辑》第54辑.上海:上海人民出版社.[Hong,Weiqing(1986).Zhangrenkui and Ren Club.In Shanghai literature and history data collecion.Vol.54.Shanghai:Shanghai People's Publishing House]
洪煜(2007).《近代上海小报与市民文化研究(1897-1937)》.上海:上海书店出版社.[Hong,Yu(2007).Research on the modern Shanghai tabloid and civic culture(1897-1937).Shanghai:Shanghai Bookstore Publishing House.]
黄旦(1997).《《新闻传播学》(修订版)》.杭州:浙江大学出版社.[Huang,Dan(1997).Journalism and communication.Hangzhou:Zhejiang University Press.]
黄卓明,俞振基(1983).关于时事新报的所见所闻.《新闻与传播研究》,19(3),181-209.[Huang.Zhuoming&Yu,Zhenji(1983).Memoirs of China Current Events and News.Journal of Journalism and Communication Research,19(3),181-209.]
姜豪(1986).青帮的源流及其演变.载《上海文史资料选辑》第54辑.上海:上海人民出版社.[Jiang.Hao(1986).The source and course of Qing Gang.In Shanghai literature and history data collecion.Vol.54.Shanghai:Shanghai People's Publishing House]
金雄白(1988).《《记者生涯五十年》(上)》.台北:台湾跃升文化事业有限公司.[Jin,Xiongbai(1988).Five decades of journalist's life,vol.1.Taipei:Taiwan Yuesheng Culture Co.,Ltd.]
李时新(2011).1946年上海<立报>改组探因——澄清〈立报〉晚期的一段史实.《新闻知识》,27(12),86-88.[Li,Shixin(2011).On the Reform of Li Bao in 1946.News Research,27(12),86-88.]
林仲易(1938).改良社会新闻与多聘外勤记者.载王文彬(编),《报人之路》.上海:上海三江书店.[Lin,Zhongyi(1938).Improved social news and imployed reporters.In Wang Wenbin(ed.),The road of journalist.Shanghai:Sanjiang Bookstore]
平言(2001).杜月笙与商报.载《上海文史资料存稿汇编》.上海:上海古籍出版社.[Ping,Yan(2001).Du Yuesheng and Business Newspaper.InShanghai:Shanghai AncientBooks Publishing House]
邵飘萍(2008).实际应用新闻学.载肖东发,邓绍根(编),《邵飘萍新闻学论集》.北京:北京大学出版社.[Shao,Piaoping(2008).The Practice of journalism.In In Xiao Dongfa&Deng Shaogen(ed.).Shao Piaoping's collected papers of journalism.Beijing:Beijing University Press]
石君(1986).上海三大亨的勾结和斗争.载《《上海文史资料选辑》第54辑.上海:上海人民出版社.[Shi,Jun(1986).The collusion and collision between three Tycoon in Shanghai.In Shanghai literature and history data collecion.Vol.54.Shanghai:Shanghai People's Publishing House]
苏智良,陈丽菲(1991).《近代上海黑社会研究》.杭州:浙江人民出版社.[Su,Zhiliang&Chen,Linfei(1991).Research on gang group in modern Shanghai.Hangzhou:Zhejiang People's Publishing House.]
王敏(2008).《上海报人社会生活(1872-1949)》.上海:上海辞书出版社.[Wang,Min(2008).Social life of journalists in Shanghai(1872-1949).Shanghai:Shanghai Dictionary Press.]
王文彬(1938).《采访讲话》.上海:三江书店.[Wang,Wen-bin(1938).Introduction to Interview.Shanghai:Sanjiang Bookstore.]
王文彬(1990).《新闻工作六十年》.重庆:重庆出版社.[Wang,Wen-bin(1990).Six Decades of Journalist's Work.Chongqing:Chongqing Press.]
王芝琛(2001).《百年沧桑:〈大公报〉与王芸生》.北京:中国工人出版社.[Wang,Zhichen(2001).One Hunderd Years of Vicissitudes.Takungpao and Wangyunsheng.Beijing:Chinese Workers Press.]
谢六逸(2010).新闻教育的重要及其设施.载龙伟,任羽中,王晓安(编),《民国新闻教育史料选辑》.北京:北京大学出版社.[Xie,Liuyi(2010).The importance and instruments of journalism education.In Long Wei,Ren Yuzhong&Wang Xiaoan(eds.),Data selecions of journalism education in the Republic of China.Beijing:Beijing University Press]
徐铸成(2009a).《报人张季鸾先生传》.上海:三联书店.[Xu,Zhucheng(2009a).Biography of Zhang Jiluan.Shanghai:Sanlian Bookstore.]
徐铸成(2009b).《杜月笙正传》.上海:三联书店.[Xu.Zhucheng(2009b).Biography of Du Yuesheng.Shanghai:Sanlian Bookstore.]
徐铸成(2010).《报海旧闻》(修订本).上海:三联书店.[Xu.Zhucheng(2010).Press memoirs.Shanghai:Sanlian Bookstore.]
张默(1962).六十年来之申报.载李忍寒(编),《申报七十七年史料》.上海:油印本.[Zhang,Mo(1962).The 60 years of Shenbao.InShanghai:Mimeographed]
张铨(1993).近代上海帮会透视.《史林》,7(4),63-70.[Zhang,Quan(1993).On the gang group in old Shanghai.Historical Review,7(4),63-70.]
张万里(1938).新闻记者应有的修养.载王文彬(编),《报人之路》.上海:上海三江书店.[Zhang,Wanli(1938).On journalist's accomplishment.In Li Renhan(ed.),The 77 years of Shenbao.Shanghai:Sanjiang Bookstore]
张友鸾等(1982).《世界日报兴衰史》.重庆:重庆出版社.[Zhang,Youluan Et Al(1982).The rise and decline of World Newspaper.Chongqing:Chongqing Publishing House.]
章君榖(1980).《杜月笙传》、台北:台湾传记文学出版社.[Zhang,Junhu(1980).Biography of Du YueSheng.Taipei:Taiwan Biographical Literature Publishing House.]
周育民,邵雍(1993).《中国帮会史》.上海:上海人民出版社.[Zhou,Yumin&Shao,Yong(1993).History of Chinese gang.Shanghai:Shanghai People's Publishing House.]
朱学范(1986).《旧上海的帮会》.上海:上海人民出版社.[Zhu,Xuefan(1986).Gang group in old Shanghai.Shanghai:Shanghai People's Publishing House.]
朱至刚(2012).抗战前上海帮会与报界关系管窥:以张竹平为主要案例.《新闻春秋》,(1),55-57.[Zhu,Zhigang(2012).On the relationship between gang group and journalism before the war of resistance against Japanese aggression:a case study of Zhang zhuping.Journal of Chinese Journalism History,(1),55-57.]
目录