Within a well-defined catchment area around 2 surveillance hospitals in Dhaka, Bangladesh, we compared the incidence of Hib meningitis confirmed by culture, latex agglutination, and polymerase chain reaction assay among infants 1 year before and 1 year after introduction of Hib conjugate vaccine. We adjusted the incidence rate for the proportion of children who sought care at the surveillance hospitals.
Among infants, the incidence of confirmed Hib meningitis decreased from 92-16 cases per 100?000 within 1 year of vaccine introduction (vaccine preventable incidence = 76; 95 % CI 18, 135 per 100?000). The incidence of purulent meningitis decreased from 1659-1159 per 100?000 (vaccine preventable incidence = 500; 95 % CI: 203, 799 per 100?000). During the same time period, there was no significant difference in the incidence of meningitis due to Streptococcus pneumoniae.
Introduction of conjugate Hib conjugate vaccine into Bangladesh Expanded Program on Immunization markedly reduced the burden of Hib and purulent meningitis.
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