A typology of four notions of confounding in epidemiology

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• 作者：Etsuji Suzuki^a ; ^{etsuji-s@cc.okayama-u.ac.jp} ; Toshiharu Mitsuhashi^b ; Toshihide Tsuda^c ; Eiji Yamamoto^d
• 关键词：Bias ; Confounding ; Counterfactual ; Directed acyclic graphs ; Response types
• 刊名：Journal of Epidemiology
• 出版年：2017
• 出版时间：February 2017
• 年：2017
• 卷：27
• 期：2
• 页码：49-55
• 全文大小：297 K
• 卷排序：27

文摘

Confounding depends not only on the target population but also on its four notions. It would be helpful to use the total population as the target population. Simple examples can be powerful tools for understanding complex causal concepts.