Identification of 67 Histone Marks and Histone Lysine Crotonylation as a New Type of Histone Modification

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• 作者：Minjia Tan¹ ; &#xA0 ; ⁶ ; Hao Luo¹ ; &#xA0 ; ⁶ ; Sangkyu Lee¹ ; &#xA0 ; ⁶ ; Fulai Jin² ; Jeong  ; Soo Yang¹ ; Emilie Montellier³ ; Thierry Buchou³ ; Zhongyi Cheng¹ ; Sophie Rousseaux³ ; Nisha Rajagopal² ; Zhike Lu¹ ; Zhen Ye² ; Qin Zhu⁴ ; Joanna Wysocka⁵ ; Yang Ye⁴ ; Saadi Khochbin³ ; Bing Ren² ; Yingming Zhao¹ ; &#xA0 ; ^{yingming.zhao@uchicago.edu}
• 刊名：Cell
• 出版年：2011
• 出版时间：16 September 2011
• 年：2011
• 卷：146
• 期：6
• 页码：1016-1028
• 全文大小：1428 K

文摘

ass=""h3"">Summary

We report the identification of 67 previously undescribed histone modifications, increasing the current number of known histone marks by about 70 % . We?further investigated one of the marks, lysine crotonylation (Kcr), confirming that it represents an evolutionarily-conserved histone posttranslational modification. The unique structure and genomic localization of histone Kcr suggest that it is mechanistically and functionally different from histone lysine acetylation (Kac). Specifically, in both human somatic and mouse male germ cell genomes, histone Kcr marks either active promoters or potential enhancers. In male germinal cells immediately following meiosis, Kcr is enriched on sex chromosomes and specifically marks testis-specific genes, including a significant proportion of X-linked genes that escape sex chromosome inactivation in haploid cells. These results therefore dramatically extend the?repertoire of histone PTM sites and designate Kcr as a specific mark of active sex chromosome-linked genes in postmeiotic male germ cells.