Incorporation Mechanisms of a Branched Nonylphenol Isomer in Soil-Derived Organo鈥揅lay Complexes during a 180-Day Experiment

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• 作者：Patrick Riefer ; Timm Klausmeyer ; Alina Adams ; Burkhard Schmidt ; Andreas Sch盲ffer ; Jan Schwarzbauer
• 刊名：Environmental Science & Technology (ES&T)
• 出版年：2013
• 出版时间：July 2, 2013
• 年：2013
• 卷：47
• 期：13
• 页码：7155-7162
• 全文大小：323K
• 年卷期：v.47,no.13(July 2, 2013)
• ISSN：1520-5851

文摘

The incorporation process of a defined ¹³C- and ¹⁴C-labeled nonylphenol isomer (4-(3,5-dimethylhept-3-yl)phenol) into soil-derived organo鈥揷lay complexes was investigated. Isolated organo鈥揷lay complexes were separated into humic subfractions. Noninvasive (¹³C鈥揅P/MAS NMR) and invasive methods (sequential chemical degradation, pyrolysis) were applied to obtain detailed information about the mode of incorporation, chemical structure, and change of the incorporation character of nonextractable residues in course of incubation. ¹³C鈥揅P/MAS NMR measurements of humic acids revealed an increasing incorporation of phenolic compounds during the experimental time which was referred to residues of the introduced ¹³C-labeled NP isomer. Detailed investigations by means of sequential chemical degradation indicated a predominant incorporation of nonextractable NP isomer residues via reversible ester (amide) bonds. In course of time, the amount of releasable compounds decreased, pointing to altering processes which affected the mode of incorporation. BBr₃-treatment, RuO₄ oxidation, and thermochemolysis released only low portions of nonextractable radioactivity giving evidence of strongly incorporated residues. With the comprehensive application of complementary methods (e.g., humic matter fractionation, ¹³C鈥揅P/MAS NMR, sequential chemical degradation) it was possible to provide a comparatively detailed insight into the incorporation behavior of the applied NP isomer.