Size-Resolved Identification, Characterization, and Quantification of Primary Biological Organic Aerosol at a European Rural Site

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• 作者：Carlo Bozzetti ; Kaspar R. Daellenbach ; Christoph Hueglin ; Paola Fermo ; Jean Sciare ; Anneliese Kasper-Giebl ; Yinon Mazar ; Gülcin Abbaszade ; Mario El Kazzi ; Raquel Gonzalez ; Timor Shuster-Meiseles ; Mira Flasch ; Robert Wolf ; Adéla Křepelová ; Francesco Canonaco ; Jürgen Schnelle-Kreis ; Jay G. Slowik ; Ralf Zimmermann ; Yinon Rudich ; Urs Baltensperger ; Imad El Haddad ; André S. H. Prévôt
• 刊名：Environmental Science & Technology
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：April 5, 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：50
• 期：7
• 页码：3425-3434
• 全文大小：600K
• ISSN：1520-5851

文摘

Primary biological organic aerosols (PBOA) represent a major component of the coarse organic matter (OM_COARSE, aerodynamic diameter > 2.5 μm). Although this fraction affects human health and the climate, its quantification and chemical characterization currently remain elusive. We present the first quantification of the entire PBOA_COARSE mass and its main sources by analyzing size-segregated filter samples collected during the summer and winter at the rural site of Payerne (Switzerland), representing a continental Europe background environment. The size-segregated water-soluble OM was analyzed by a newly developed offline aerosol mass spectrometric technique (AMS). Collected spectra were analyzed by three-dimensional positive matrix factorization (3D-PMF), showing that PBOA represented the main OM_COARSE source during summer and its contribution to PM₁₀ was comparable to that of secondary organic aerosol. We found substantial cellulose contributions to OM_COARSE, which in combination with gas chromatography mass spectrometry molecular markers quantification, underlined the predominance of plant debris. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) analysis instead revealed that the sum of bacterial and fungal spores mass represented only a minor OM_COARSE fraction (<0.1%). X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic (XPS) analysis of C and N binding energies throughout the size fractions revealed an organic N increase in the PM₁₀ compared to PM₁ consistent with AMS observations.