Review of Recent Research into Cellulosic Whiskers, Their Properties and Their Application in Nanocomposite Field

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• 作者：My Ahmed Said Azizi Samir ; Fannie Alloin ; and Alain Dufresne
• 刊名：Biomacromolecules
• 出版年：2005
• 出版时间：March 2005
• 年：2005
• 卷：6
• 期：2
• 页码：612 - 626
• 全文大小：275K
• 年卷期：v.6,no.2(March 2005)
• ISSN：1526-4602

文摘

There are numerous examples where animals or plants synthesize extracellular high-performance skeletalbiocomposites consisting of a matrix reinforced by fibrous biopolymers. Cellulose, the world's most abundantnatural, renewable, biodegradable polymer, is a classical example of these reinforcing elements, which occuras whiskerlike microfibrils that are biosynthesized and deposited in a continuous fashion. In many cases,this mode of biogenesis leads to crystalline microfibrils that are almost defect-free, with the consequence ofaxial physical properties approaching those of perfect crystals. This quite "primitive" polymer can be usedto create high performance nanocomposites presenting outstanding properties. This reinforcing capabilityresults from the intrinsic chemical nature of cellulose and from its hierarchical structure. Aqueous suspensionsof cellulose crystallites can be prepared by acid hydrolysis of cellulose. The object of this treatment is todissolve away regions of low lateral order so that the water-insoluble, highly crystalline residue may beconverted into a stable suspension by subsequent vigorous mechanical shearing action. During the pastdecade, many works have been devoted to mimic biocomposites by blending cellulose whiskers from differentsources with polymer matrixes.