Oligosaccharide and Peptidoglycan of Ganoderma lucidum Activate the Immune Response in Human Mononuclear Cells

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• 作者：Chia-Che Tsai ; Feng-Ling Yang ; Zih-You Huang ; Chien-Sheng Chen ; Yu-Liang Yang ; Kuo-Feng Hua ; Jianjun Li ; Shui-Tein Chen ; Shih-Hsiung Wu
• 刊名：Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
• 出版年：2012
• 出版时间：March 21, 2012
• 年：2012
• 卷：60
• 期：11
• 页码：2830-2837
• 全文大小：397K
• 年卷期：v.60,no.11(March 21, 2012)
• ISSN：1520-5118

文摘

The acid-hydrolyzed fragments of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides (GLPS) obtained by Smith degradation were separated by size-exclusion chromatography into two major water-soluble fractions: peptidoglycans (GLPS-SF1) and oligosaccharides (GLPS-SF2). Both fractions induced CD69 in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (hPB-MNCs), and they displayed distinct immunomodulating properties. GLPS-SF1, with a molecular weight of around 20 kDa, were heterogeneous peptidoglycans composed of glucose/mannose (4:1) that exhibited biological activities with Th1 cytokines IL-12, IL-2, TNF-伪, and IFN-纬 in hPB-MNCs and stimulated macrophage cytokine expression via Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling. For GLPS-SF2, with a molecular weight of around several kilodaltons, its sugar sequence was elucidated by mass spectrometry (MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy as [鈭捨?1,4-Glc鈥?尾-1,4-GlcA)₃鈭抅_n. This oligosaccharide displayed specific immune property with low monocyte induction, greatly stimulated cell activation and proliferation of NK and T cells. This oligosaccharide isolated from G. lucidum polysaccharides with internal glucuronic acids/glucose repeat unit in a 3:1 ratio may be responsible for the active stimulation of NK and T cells.

Keywords:

Ganoderma lucidum; peptidoglycan; oligosaccharide; glucuronic acid; human mononuclear cells