Antibody鈥揇rug Conjugates (ADCs) Derived from Interchain Cysteine Cross-Linking Demonstrate Improved Homogeneity and Other Pharmacological Properties over Conventional Heterogeneous ADCs
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- 作者：Christopher R. Behrens ; Edward H. Ha ; Lawrence L. Chinn ; Simeon Bowers ; Gary Probst ; Maureen Fitch-Bruhns ; Jorge Monteon ; Amanda Valdiosera ; Abel Bermudez ; Sindy Liao-Chan ; Tiffany Wong ; Jonathan Melnick ; Jan-Willem Theunissen ; Mark R. Flory ; Derrick Houser ; Kristy Venstrom ; Zoia Levashova ; Paul Sauer ; Thi-Sau Migone ; Edward H. van der Horst ; Randall L. Halcomb ; David Y. Jackson
- 刊名：Molecular Pharmaceutics
- 出版年：2015
- 出版时间：November 2, 2015
- 年：2015
- 卷：12
- 期：11
- 页码：3986-3998
- 全文大小：698K
- ISSN：1543-8392
文摘
Conventional antibody鈥揹rug conjugates (ADCs) are heterogeneous mixtures of chemically distinct molecules that vary in both drugs/antibody (DAR) and conjugation sites. Suboptimal properties of heterogeneous ADCs have led to new site-specific conjugation methods for improving ADC homogeneity. Most site-specific methods require extensive antibody engineering to identify optimal conjugation sites and introduce unique functional groups for conjugation with appropriately modified linkers. Alternative nonrecombinant methods have emerged in which bifunctional linkers are utilized to cross-link antibody interchain cysteines and afford ADCs containing four drugs/antibody. Although these methods have been shown to improve ADC homogeneity and stability in vitro, their effect on the pharmacological properties of ADCs in vivo is unknown. In order to determine the relative impact of interchain cysteine cross-linking on the therapeutic window and other properties of ADCs in vivo, we synthesized a derivative of the known ADC payload, MC-MMAF, that contains a bifunctional dibromomaleimide (DBM) linker instead of a conventional maleimide (MC) linker. The DBM-MMAF derivative was conjugated to trastuzumab and a novel anti-CD98 antibody to afford ADCs containing predominantly four drugs/antibody. The pharmacological properties of the resulting cross-linked ADCs were compared with analogous heterogeneous ADCs derived from conventional linkers. The results demonstrate that DBM linkers can be applied directly to native antibodies, without antibody engineering, to yield highly homogeneous ADCs via cysteine cross-linking. The resulting ADCs demonstrate improved pharmacokinetics, superior efficacy, and reduced toxicity in vivo compared to analogous conventional heterogeneous ADCs.