Micro- and Nanoscale Energetic Materials as Effective Heat Energy Sources for Enhanced Gas Generators

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• 作者：Sang Beom Kim ; Kyung Ju Kim ; Myung Hoon Cho ; Ji Hoon Kim ; Kyung Tae Kim ; Soo Hyung Kim
• 刊名：ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：April 13, 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：8
• 期：14
• 页码：9405-9412
• 全文大小：589K
• 年卷期：0
• ISSN：1944-8252

文摘

In this study, we systematically investigated the effect of micro- and nanoscale energetic materials in formulations of aluminum microparticles (Al MPs; heat source)/aluminum nanoparticles (Al NPs; heat source)/copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs; oxidizer) on the combustion and gas-generating properties of sodium azide microparticles (NaN₃ MPs; gas-generating agent) for potential applications in gas generators. The burn rate of the NaN₃ MP/CuO NP composite powder was only ∼0.3 m/s. However, the addition of Al MPs and Al NPs to the NaN₃ MP/CuO NP matrix caused the rates to reach ∼1.5 and ∼5.3 m/s, respectively. In addition, the N₂ gas volume flow rate generated by the ignition of the NaN₃ MP/CuO NP composite powder was only ∼0.6 L/s, which was significantly increased to ∼1.4 and ∼3.9 L/s by adding Al MPs and Al NPs, respectively, to the NaN₃ MP/CuO NP composite powder. This suggested that the highly reactive Al MPs and NPs, with the assistance of CuO NPs, were effective heat-generating sources enabling the complete thermal decomposition of NaN₃ MPs upon ignition. Al NPs were more effective than Al MPs in the gas generators because of the increased reactivity induced by the reduced particle size. Finally, we successfully demonstrated that a homemade airbag with a specific volume of ∼140 mL could be rapidly and fully inflated by the thermal activation of nanoscale energetic material-added gas-generating agents (i.e., NaN₃ MP/Al NP/CuO NP composites) within the standard time of ∼50 ms for airbag inflation.