Glycoalkaloid Content and Chemical Composition of Potatoes Improved with Nonconventional Breeding Approaches

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• 作者：Fabrizio Esposito ; Vincenzo Fogliano ; Teodoro Cardi ; Domenico Carputo ; and Edgardo Filippone
• 刊名：Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
• 出版年：2002
• 出版时间：March 13, 2002
• 年：2002
• 卷：50
• 期：6
• 页码：1553 - 1561
• 全文大小：160K
• 年卷期：v.50,no.6(March 13, 2002)
• ISSN：1520-5118

文摘

This paper reports the results of chemical analyses performed on two distinct groups of new potatogenotypes. The first group contained five clones transformed with the gene ech42 encoding for anendochitinase. The second included 21 interspecific hybrids between the cultivated potato Solanumtuberosum and the wild species S. commersonii, obtained either by somatic fusion or by sexualhybridization. Tubers from transgenic plants were analyzed for several morphological and biochemicalparameters to ascertain the substantial equivalence between the transgenic genotypes and the originalcultivar Désirée. The interspecific hybrids were analyzed for the same parameters in order to identifygenotypes with novel improved chemical characteristics and with low levels of glycoalkaloids derivingfrom the wild species and potentially hazardous to human health. For transgenic tubers, the resultsprovided evidence that indicates the substantial equivalence between the transgenic genotypes andthe cultivated control for the considered traits. The results suggest that chitinase gene insertion didnot alter other metabolic pathways of potato tubers and did not cause unintentional pleiotropic effects.As far as interspecific hybrids are concerned, wide variability for all of the parameters analyzed wasfound. For some useful traits (e.g., soluble solids and proteins, dry matter content) the interspecifichybrids performed better than both the cultivated control and the wild species. In a number ofgenotypes, glycoalkaloid levels were close to or lower than those of the control varieties, suggestingthat selection for low glycoalkaloid content is possible. The results also indicated that glycoalkaloidsfrom S. commersonii may be lost rapidly. Indeed, some hybrids were found to have the sameglycoalkaloid profile as S. tuberosum. Finally, the results showed that among the parametersconsidered, glycoalkaloid content is the most sensitive to variation. Therefore, glycoalkaloiddetermination should be used for routine control of genotypes produced by interspecific hybridization.Keywords: Transgenic potatoes; interspecific hybrids; chipping quality; glycoalkaloid; chlorogenicacid; antioxidant activity