Impact of Aftertreatment Technologies on the In-Use Gaseous and Particulate Matter Emissions from a Tugboat

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• 作者：Nicholas R. Gysel ; Robert L. Russell ; William A. Welch ; David R. Cocker III
• 刊名：Energy & Fuels
• 出版年：2016
• 出版时间：January 21, 2016
• 年：2016
• 卷：30
• 期：1
• 页码：684-689
• 全文大小：318K
• ISSN：1520-5029

文摘

In-use gaseous and particulate matter (PM) emissions were characterized aboard a tugboat fueled with a California Air Resources Board (CARB)-based ultralow-sulfur diesel (ULSD) before and after selective catalytic reduction (SCR)–diesel particulate filter (DPF) control technologies. Emissions of measured individual gaseous pollutants include nitrogen oxides (NO_x), carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO₂), and ammonia (NH₃) slip, while PM emission measurements include PM_2.5 mass, elemental carbon (EC), and organic carbon (OC). Measurements were conducted according to the ISO 8178 measurement and sampling protocol, while emissions were weighted according to the ISO 8178-4-E3 steady-state test cycle for main engine marine applications. Overall weighted emission factors showed that the SCR reduced NO_x by ～92%, while the DPF reduced PM_2.5 emissions by ～96%. The lowest reductions in NO_x and highest NH₃ slip were observed at the 27% load point, where the exhaust temperature was below the light-off temperature of the SCR catalyst. Reductions in PM_2.5 were consistent throughout all load points ranging from 92 to 97%, respectively. PM_2.5 was composed mainly of OC with OC/total carbon (TC) ratios ranging from 0.85 to 0.97 before the catalyst and from 0.98 to 1.0 after the catalyst. The increasing emissions from a forced DPF regeneration were also captured in real time and are reported herein.