Binding Mechanism of the Farnesoid X Receptor Marine Antagonist Suvanine Reveals a Strategy To Forestall Drug Modulation on Nuclear Receptors. Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Novel Lig
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- 作者：Francesco Saverio Di Leva ; Carmen Festa ; Claudio D鈥橝more ; Simona De Marino ; Barbara Renga ; Maria Valeria D鈥橝uria ; Ettore Novellino ; Vittorio Limongelli ; Angela Zampella ; Stefano Fiorucci
- 刊名：Journal of Medicinal Chemistry
- 出版年：2013
- 出版时间：June 13, 2013
- 年：2013
- 卷：56
- 期：11
- 页码：4701-4717
- 全文大小：898K
- 年卷期：v.56,no.11(June 13, 2013)
- ISSN：1520-4804
文摘
Here, we report suvanine, a marine sponge sesterterpene, as an antagonist of the mammalian bile acid sensor farnesoid-X-receptor (FXR). Using suvanine as a template, we shed light on the molecular bases of FXR antagonism, identifying the essential conformational changes responsible for the transition from the agonist to the antagonist form. Molecular characterization of the nuclear corepressor NCoR and coactivator Src-1 revealed that receptor conformational changes are associated with a specific dynamic of recruitment of these cofactors to the promoter of OST伪, a FXR regulated gene. Using suvanine as a novel hit, a library of semisynthetic derivatives has been designed and prepared, leading to pharmacological profiles ranging from agonism to antagonism toward FXR. Deep pharmacological evaluation demonstrated that derivative 19 represents a new chemotype of FXR modulator, whereas alcohol 6, with a simplified molecular scaffold, exhibits excellent antagonistic activity.