Spearhead Nanometric Field-Effect Transistor Sensors for Single-Cell Analysis
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- 作者：Yanjun Zhang ; Jan Clausmeyer ; Babak Babakinejad ; Ainara López Córdoba ; Tayyibah Ali ; Andrew Shevchuk ; Yasufumi Takahashi ; Pavel Novak ; Christopher Edwards ; Max Lab ; Sahana Gopal ; Ciro Chiappini ; Uma Anand ; Luca Magnani ; R. Charles Coombes ; Julia Gorelik ; Tomokazu Matsue ; Wolfgang Schuhmann ; David Klenerman ; Elena V. Sviderskaya ; Yuri Korchev
- 刊名：ACS Nano
- 出版年：2016
- 出版时间：March 22, 2016
- 年：2016
- 卷：10
- 期：3
- 页码：3214-3221
- 全文大小：384K
- ISSN：1936-086X
文摘
Nanometric field-effect-transistor (FET) sensors are made on the tip of spear-shaped dual carbon nanoelectrodes derived from carbon deposition inside double-barrel nanopipettes. The easy fabrication route allows deposition of semiconductors or conducting polymers to comprise the transistor channel. A channel from electrodeposited poly pyrrole (PPy) exhibits high sensitivity toward pH changes. This property is exploited by immobilizing hexokinase on PPy nano-FETs to give rise to a selective ATP biosensor. Extracellular pH and ATP gradients are key biochemical constituents in the microenvironment of living cells; we monitor their real-time changes in relation to cancer cells and cardiomyocytes. The highly localized detection is possible because of the high aspect ratio and the spear-like design of the nano-FET probes. The accurately positioned nano-FET sensors can detect concentration gradients in three-dimensional space, identify biochemical properties of a single living cell, and after cell membrane penetration perform intracellular measurements.