Analysis of the pump-turbine S characteristics using the detached eddy simulation method

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• 作者：Hui Sun (1)
  Ruofu Xiao (1)
  Fujun Wang (1)
  Yexiang Xiao (2)
  Weichao Liu (3)
  
  1. College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering ; China Agricultural University ; Beijing ; 100083 ; China
  2. State Key Laboratory of Hydroscience and Engineering & Department of Thermal Engineering ; Tsinghua University ; Beijing ; 100083 ; China
  3. Dongfang Electric Machinery Co. ; Ltd ; Deyang ; 618000 ; China
  
• 关键词：pump ; turbine ; S ; shaped characteristics ; detached eddy simulation(DES) ; numerical analysis
• 刊名：Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering
• 出版年：2015
• 出版时间：January 2015
• 年：2015
• 卷：28
• 期：1
• 页码：115-122
• 全文大小：2,623 KB
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• 刊物主题：Mechanical Engineering; Theoretical and Applied Mechanics; Manufacturing, Machines, Tools; Engineering Thermodynamics, Heat and Mass Transfer; Power Electronics, Electrical Machines and Networks; Electronics and Microelectronics, Instrumentation;
• 出版者：Springer Berlin Heidelberg
• ISSN：2192-8258

文摘

Current research on pump-turbine units is focused on the unstable operation at off-design conditions, with the characteristic curves in generating mode being S-shaped. Unlike in the traditional water turbines, pump-turbine operation along the S-shaped curve can lead to difficulties during load rejection with unusual increases in the water pressure, which leads to machine vibrations. This paper describes both model tests and numerical simulations. A reduced scale model of a low specific speed pump-turbine was used for the performance tests, with comparisons to computational fluid dynamics(CFD) results. Predictions using the detached eddy simulation(DES) turbulence model, which is a combined Reynolds averaged Naviers-Stokes(RANS) and large eddy simulation(LES) model, are compared with the two-equation turbulence mode results. The external characteristics as well as the internal flow are for various guide vane openings to understand the unsteady flow along the so called S characteristics of a pump-turbine. Comparison of the experimental data with the CFD results for various conditions and times shows that DES model gives better agreement with experimental data than the two-equation turbulence model. For low flow conditions, the centrifugal forces and the large incident angle create large vortices between the guide vanes and the runner inlet in the runner passage, which is the main factor leading to the S-shaped characteristics. The turbulence model used here gives more accurate simulations of the internal flow characteristics of the pump-turbine and a more detailed force analysis which shows the mechanisms controlling of the S characteristics.