The influence of grain size, grain color, and suspended-sediment concentration on light attenuation: Why fine-grained terrestrial sediment is bad for coral reef ecosystems

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• 作者：Curt D. Storlazzi ; Ben K. Norris ; Kurt J. Rosenberger
• 关键词：Turbidity ; Light attenuation ; PAR ; Grain size ; Grain color ; Suspended ; sediment concentration
• 刊名：Coral Reefs
• 出版年：2015
• 出版时间：September 2015
• 年：2015
• 卷：34
• 期：3
• 页码：967-975
• 全文大小：639 KB
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• 作者单位：Curt D. Storlazzi (1)
  Ben K. Norris (1)
  Kurt J. Rosenberger (1)
  
  1. Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center, US Geological Survey, 400 Natural Bridges Drive, Santa Cruz, CA, 95060, USA
  
• 刊物类别：Earth and Environmental Science
• 刊物主题：Earth sciences
  Oceanography
  Geology
  Sedimentology
  
• 出版者：Springer Berlin / Heidelberg
• ISSN：1432-0975

文摘

Sediment has been shown to be a major stressor to coral reefs globally. Although many researchers have tested the impact of sedimentation on coral reef ecosystems in both the laboratory and the field and some have measured the impact of suspended sediment on the photosynthetic response of corals, there has yet to be a detailed investigation on how properties of the sediment itself can affect light availability for photosynthesis. We show that finer-grained and darker-colored sediment at higher suspended-sediment concentrations attenuates photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) significantly more than coarser, lighter-colored sediment at lower concentrations and provide PAR attenuation coefficients for various grain sizes, colors, and suspended-sediment concentrations that are needed for biophysical modeling. Because finer-grained sediment particles settle more slowly and are more susceptible to resuspension, they remain in the water column longer, thus causing greater net impact by reducing light essential for photosynthesis over a greater duration. This indicates that coral reef monitoring studies investigating sediment impacts should concentrate on measuring fine-grained lateritic and volcanic soils, as opposed to coarser-grained siliceous and carbonate sediment. Similarly, coastal restoration efforts and engineering solutions addressing long-term coral reef ecosystem health should focus on preferentially retaining those fine-grained soils rather than coarse silt and sand particles.