Metal-based particles in human amniotic fluids of fetuses with normal karyotype and congenital malformation—a pilot study

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• 作者：H. Baro?ová ; J. Dvo?á?ková ; O. Motyka…
• 关键词：Amniotic fluid ; Metal trace elements ; Congenital malformation ; Solid particles ; Raman microspectroscopy ; Scanning electron microscopy
• 刊名：Environmental Science and Pollution Research
• 出版年：2015
• 出版时间：May 2015
• 年：2015
• 卷：22
• 期：10
• 页码：7582-7589
• 全文大小：555 KB
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• 作者单位：H. Baro?ová (1)
  J. Dvo?á?ková (2)
  O. Motyka (1)
  K. Mamulová Kutláková (1)
  P. Peikertová (1)
  J. Rak (1) (3)
  H. Bielniková (2)
  J. Kukutschová (1)
  
  1. Nanotechnology Centre, V?B-Technical University of Ostrava, 17. listopadu 15, 708 33, Ostrava, Czech Republic
  2. The Institute of Pathology, Faculty Hospital Ostrava, 17. listopadu 1790, 708 52, Ostrava, Czech Republic
  3. Department of Pediatrics, McGill University, 4060 Ste Catherine West, PT-232, Montreal, QC, H3Z 2Z3, Canada
  
• 刊物类别：Earth and Environmental Science
• 刊物主题：Environment
  Environment
  Atmospheric Protection, Air Quality Control and Air Pollution
  Waste Water Technology, Water Pollution Control, Water Management and Aquatic Pollution
  Industrial Pollution Prevention
  
• 出版者：Springer Berlin / Heidelberg
• ISSN：1614-7499

文摘

This study explores the inorganic composition of amniotic fluid in healthy human fetuses and fetuses with congenital malformation with a special attention to presence of metal-based solid particles. Amniotic fluid originates from maternal blood and provides fetus mechanical protection and nutrients. In spite of this crucial role, the environmental impact on the composition of amniotic fluid remains poorly studied. The samples of human amniotic fluids were obtained by amniocentesis, including both healthy pregnancies and those with congenital malformations. The samples were analysed using several techniques, including Raman microspectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersed spectrometry (SEM-EDS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. Several metal-based particles containing barium, titanium, iron, and other elements were detected by SEM-EDS and Raman microspectroscopy. XRD analysis detected only sodium chloride as the main component of all amniotic fluid samples. Infrared spectroscopy detected protein-like organic components. Majority of particles were in form of agglomerates up to tens of micrometres in size, consisting of mainly submicron particles. By statistical analysis (multiple correspondence analysis), it was observed that groups of healthy and diagnosed fetuses form two separate groups and therefore, qualitative differences in chemical composition may have distinct biological impact. Overall, our results suggest that metal-based nanosized pollutants penetrate into the amniotic fluid and may affect human fetuses.