Coal Mine Water Pollution and Ecological Impairment of One of Australia’s Most ‘Protected’ High Conservation-Value Rivers

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• 作者：Ian A. Wright ; Nakia Belmer ; Peter J. Davies
• 关键词：World heritage ; Environmental management ; Freshwater ecosystems ; Water quality ; Macroinvertebrates ; Ionic composition
• 刊名：Water, Air, & Soil Pollution
• 出版年：2017
• 出版时间：March 2017
• 年：2017
• 卷：228
• 期：3
• 全文大小：
• 刊物类别：Earth and Environmental Science
• 刊物主题：Environment, general; Water Quality/Water Pollution; Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution; Soil Science & Conservation; Hydrogeology; Climate Change/Climate Change Impacts;
• 出版者：Springer International Publishing
• ISSN：1573-2932
• 卷排序：228

文摘

The environmental regulation of a coal mine in the greater Sydney area has failed to recognise the importance of and protect a high conservation-value river located in a World Heritage listed area. This study measured the water quality and ecological health (using macroinvertebrates) of the Wollangambe River and its tributaries near the point of the waste water discharge of a coal mine and assessed the longitudinal impact for 22 km downstream. The investigation revealed two important aspects. The first is the significant impact of the waste water discharge when compared to the otherwise near-pristine condition of the high conservation-value river system. The second is the spatial extent of the pollution from the mine that extends at least 22 km downstream from the outflow of coal mine wastes. The resulting water pollution is causing major impairment of the aquatic ecosystem, with reduced abundance, taxonomic richness and loss of pollution-sensitive macroinvertebrate groups. Water pollution from the mine includes thermal pollution, increased salinity and increased concentrations of zinc and nickel. The mine’s waste discharge also strongly modified the river’s ionic composition. The study also highlights the failure of the regulatory and governance systems that enable the mine to operate in a manner that causes major environmental impacts.