The origin of DCs and capacity for immunologic tolerance in central and peripheral tissues

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• 作者：K . Sanjana P. Devi ; Niroshana Anandasabapathy
• 关键词：Tolerogenic DCs ; immune homeostasis ; growth factors ; transcription factors ; cytokines ; regulatory T cells
• 刊名：Seminars in Immunopathology
• 出版年：2017
• 出版时间：February 2017
• 年：2017
• 卷：39
• 期：2
• 页码：137-152
• 全文大小：
• 刊物类别：Biomedical and Life Sciences
• 刊物主题：Immunology; Internal Medicine;
• 出版者：Springer Berlin Heidelberg
• ISSN：1863-2300
• 卷排序：39

文摘

Dendritic cells (DCs) are specialized immune sentinels that play key role in maintaining immune homeostasis by efficiently regulating the delicate balance between protective immunity and tolerance to self. Although DCs respond to maturation signals present in the surrounding milieu, multiple layers of suppression also co-exist that reduce the infringement of tolerance against self-antigens. These tolerance inducing properties of DCs are governed by their origin and a range of other factors including distribution, cytokines, growth factors, and transcriptional programing, that collectively impart suppressive functions to these cells. DCs directing tolerance secrete anti-inflammatory cytokines and induce naïve T cells or B cells to differentiate into regulatory T cells (Tregs) or B cells. In this review, we provide a detailed outlook on the molecular mechanisms that induce functional specialization to govern central or peripheral tolerance. The tolerance-inducing nature of DCs can be exploited to overcome autoimmunity and rejection in graft transplantation.