Differential Impact of Risk Factors for Women and Men on the Risk of Major Depressive Disorder

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• 作者：Bauke T. Stegenga ; PhD^a ; Michael King ; MD ; PhD^b ; Diederick E. Grobbee ; MD ; PhD^a ; Francisco Torres-Gonz&aacute ; lez ; MD ; PhD^d ; Igor &Scaron ; vab ; MD ; PhD^e ; Heidi-Ingrid Maaroos ; MD ; PhD^f ; Miguel Xavier ; MD ; PhD^g ; Sandra Saldivia ; PhD^h ; Christian Bottomley ; PhDⁱ ; Irwin Nazareth ; MBBS ; PhD^c ; ^j ; Mirjam I. Geerlings ; PhD^a ; ^{m.geerlings@umcutrecht.nl}
• 关键词：Depression ; Sex ; Epidemiology ; Interaction Contrast ; Cohort
• 刊名：Annals of Epidemiology
• 出版年：2012
• 期刊代码：15_10472797
• 类别：med
• 出版时间：June, 2012
• 卷：22
• 期：6
• 页码：388-396
• 文件大小：177 K

摘要

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Purpose

Our aim is to examine which risk factors have a greater impact in women than in men on the risk of major depressive disorder (MDD) and whether factors differ between a possible recurrent MDD and a first onset of MDD.

Methods

Prospective cohort study of general practice attendees in seven countries, who were followed up at 6 and 12 months (predictD). Absolute risk differences (interaction contrast) across sex for onset of DSM-IV MDD after 6 or 12 months of follow-up were estimated for 35 risk factors from 7101 participants without MDD at baseline.

Results

A total of 599 participants (80%female) had an onset of MDD at 6 or 12 months. Most risk factors had a greater impact in women than in men on the risk of MDD and were not restricted to a specific class of risk factors. After we stratified for a history of depressive symptoms, we found that the impact of risk factors across sex was generally stronger on possible recurrent MDD than on a first onset of MDD.

Conclusions

Our findings may partly account for the observed difference in incidence of MDD between men and women.