Monocrotophos induced oxidative damage associates with severe acetylcholinesterase inhibition in rat brain

详细信息	查看全文 | 推荐本文 |

• 作者：Amajad Iqbal Kazi ; ^{amjadkazi@rediffmail.com} ; Anna Oommen
• 关键词：Acetylcholinesterase ; Antioxidative enzymes ; Lipid peroxidation ; Monocrotophos ; Organophosphate pesticide poisoning ; Oxidative stress
• 刊名：Neurotoxicology
• 出版年：2012
• 期刊代码：35_0161813x
• 类别：pha
• 出版时间：March, 2012
• 卷：33
• 期：2
• 页码：156-161
• 文件大小：516 K

摘要

Background

Neurotoxicity of organophosphate pesticide poisoning, a lead cause of death in South Asia, has not been clearly elucidated. Organophosphates inhibit acetylcholinesterase and neurotoxicity is primarily a result of acetylcholine induced hyperactivation in different regions of the brain. Neurotoxicity also results from oxidative stress induced by acetylcholinesterase inhibition in the brain. Determining the severity of acetylcholinesterase inhibition that induces oxidative damage may help in developing strategies that protect the brain from organophosphate induced toxicity.

Aim

To determine the level of acetylcholinesterase inhibition that induces oxidative stress in the brain following organophosphate pesticide poisoning.

Methods

Brains of rats subject to acute monocrotophos poisoning (0.8 LD₅₀ by gavage) were assessed for acetylcholinesterase activity, antioxidant response and oxidative damage 2.5 and 8 h after poisoning and on recovery from poisoning 24 h later after poisoning. Assessments were made in the cortex, striatum and hippocampus, cholinergic rich regions and cerebellum, targets of organophosphate pesticide poisoning. Analysis was in comparison to non poisoned controls.

Results

High acetylcholinesterase activities were noted in striatum followed by hippocampus, cerebellum and cortex. Acute severe monocrotophos poisoning inhibited acetylcholinesterase 87%in striatum, 67%in hippocampus, 58%in cerebellum, 53%in cortex and increased glutathione levels significantly in all brain regions 2.5 h after poisoning. Significant lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzymes were induced 8 h after poisoning, directly correlated to high acetylcholinesterase inhibition (>67%). Recovery from monocrotophos poisoning was associated with absence of lipid peroxidation in the brain although acetylcholinesterase inhibition persisted.

Conclusions

Neurotoxicity of monocrotophos poisoning is characterized by oxidative damage in regions of the brain that exhibit high acetylcholinesterase activity and severe acetylcholinesterase inhibition. Recovery from poisoning is associated with prolonged induction of antioxidants that protect against oxidative damage.