Flame annealing effects on self-organized TiO₂ nanotubes

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• 作者：Anca Mazare^a ; ¹ ; Indhumati Paramasivam^a ; Felix Schmidt-Stein^a ; Kiyoung Lee^a ; Ioana Demetrescu^b ; Patrik Schmuki^a ; ^{schmuki@ww.uni-erlangen.de}
• 关键词：TiO2 nanotubes ; Flame annealing ; Photocurrent measurements ; XPS ; C doping
• 刊名：Electrochimica Acta
• 出版年：2012
• 期刊代码：30_00134686
• 类别：ch
• 出版时间：1 April, 2012
• 卷：66
• 期：Complete
• 页码：12-21
• 文件大小：2133 K

摘要

In the present work we study the modification of ordered TiO₂ nanotube layers by flame annealing. We investigate different type of nanotubes (with variation in tube length, diameter, and grown in different electrolytes). We vary flame annealing parameters and analyze the morphology, phase composition and the resulting photoelectrochemical properties of the modified TiO₂ nanotubes. The results show that flame annealing allows the crystallization of TiO₂ nanotubes to anatase or rutile within seconds. The crystallization times strongly depend on the nanotube length and flame parameters. Samples from the outer cone show typically carbon burn off, while in the inner cone carbon accumulation occurs. The resulting photo electrochemical properties are to a large extent determined by the phase composition of the nanotubes (and not by the carbon content). Additionally, it may be noted that although the flame annealing process is fast and cheap, we could not achieve a maximum UV photoelectrochemical response comparable to classic furnace annealing.