Modulation of Toll-like receptor ligands and Candida albicans-induced cytokine responses by specific probiotics

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• 作者：Theo S. Plantinga^a ; ^b ; Jeroen van Bergenhenegouwen^c ; Cor Jacobs^a ; ^b ; Leo A.B. Joosten^a ; ^b ; Belinda van&rsquo ; t Land^c ; ^d ; Johan Garssen^c ; ^d ; Mihai G. Netea^a ; ^b ; ^{m.netea@aig.umcn.nl}
• 关键词：Probiotics ; Pattern recognition receptors ; Candida albicans ; Cytokines ; Immune tolerance
• 刊名：Cytokine
• 出版年：2012
• 期刊代码：97_10434666
• 类别：imm
• 出版时间：July, 2012
• 卷：59
• 期：1
• 页码：159-165
• 文件大小：1102 K

摘要

Probiotics have been proposed as modulators of gut inflammation, especially in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). In order to be able to use them in these clinical conditions, their capacity to modulate immune responses towards other stimuli or microorganisms has to be thoroughly understood. In the present study, three different potentially probiotic strains, Bifidobacterium breve (NumRes 204), Lactobacillus rhamnosus (NumRes1) and Lactobacillus casei (DN-114 001), have been studied for their potential to modulate responses to stimulation with pure pattern-recognition receptor (PRR) ligands or to the gut commensal fungus Candida albicans. Cytokine production induced by PRR ligands or C. albicans was assessed in conditions of simultaneous stimulation or preincubation of primary immune cells with Bifidobacterium or Lactobacillus spp. Results indicate that simultaneous stimulation leads to potentiation of IL-1尾 and IL-6 production, while the TNF伪 and IFN-纬 production was inhibited. In settings of pre-incubation with these potentially probiotic strains, lower production of TNF伪 was observed in the presence of B. breve. Moreover, C. albicans-induced IL-17 production was decreased after pre-incubation with both Bifidobacterium or Lactobacillus probiotic strains. Whereas C. albicans induced cytokines are dampened by the tested probiotic strains, TNF伪 and IL-6 production by pure pattern-recognition receptor ligands are potentiated. Interestingly, an important role of Toll-like receptor 9 signalling that involves JNK kinase in the modulatory effects of these probiotic strains has been identified. In conclusion, specific probiotic strains exhibit cross-tolerance effects towards other inflammatory stimuli, especially C. albicans, which might have beneficial effects on gut inflammation.