一种新型低频声矢量场采集系统的设计与实现
|
摘要
针对低频声矢量场测量技术,设计和实现了一种声矢量场探测系统。其特点是将矢量水听器、信号采集设备、罗经与电源集成一体,传感器输出的模拟信号直接在其内部进行模数转换,避免了模拟信号由于长距离传输所造成的衰减和干扰,且易于布放回收。该系统可同步测量声场空间的声压和质点振速3个正交分量的数据,所得到的数据即可以采用自容式存储在系统内部TF卡中,亦可通过经优化设计的带宽3 MB/s的高速RS485总线实时传输。回收内部数据时可通过Mass storage协议利用预留USB接口来实现读取数据,无需开启罐体。该系统进行了实验室验证实验,并以潜标的形式进行了海上试验,对爆炸声信号进行了测量并对获得数据进行处理。结果表明,该系统工作可靠稳定,系统平均功率为350 mW,准确地获取了声矢量信号数据,可广泛应用于低频声矢量场探测领域。
Aiming at the measurement techniques of the low frequency vector acoustic field,a vector acoustic field detection system was designed and realized. The vector hydrophone,signal acquisition equipment,magnetic compass and power supply are integrated in this system,the analog-to-digital conversion of the analog signal from the sensor is completed directly within the system,the attenuation and interference to the analog signal caused by long distance transmission are avoided,and the system is convenient for the deployment and reclamation. This system can synchronously measure the sound pressure in the acoustic field space and the three orthogonal components of particle velocity; the measured data can be stored in the internal TF card with self-contained method and also can be transmitted through the RS485 bus with an optimized bandwidth of 3 MB / s in real time. When retrieving data,the internal data can be read through the pre-designed USB port with mass storage protocol rather than opening the equipment. The system was verified with laboratory test; ocean experiment was conducted in the form of submersible buoy,the explosion acoustic signal was measured and the obtained data were processed. The experiment results indicate that the system operates reliably and stably,the vector acoustic field data are acquired accurately; the average power of the system is 350 mW. The system can be widely applied in low frequency vector acoustic field detection.
Aiming at the measurement techniques of the low frequency vector acoustic field,a vector acoustic field detection system was designed and realized. The vector hydrophone,signal acquisition equipment,magnetic compass and power supply are integrated in this system,the analog-to-digital conversion of the analog signal from the sensor is completed directly within the system,the attenuation and interference to the analog signal caused by long distance transmission are avoided,and the system is convenient for the deployment and reclamation. This system can synchronously measure the sound pressure in the acoustic field space and the three orthogonal components of particle velocity; the measured data can be stored in the internal TF card with self-contained method and also can be transmitted through the RS485 bus with an optimized bandwidth of 3 MB / s in real time. When retrieving data,the internal data can be read through the pre-designed USB port with mass storage protocol rather than opening the equipment. The system was verified with laboratory test; ocean experiment was conducted in the form of submersible buoy,the explosion acoustic signal was measured and the obtained data were processed. The experiment results indicate that the system operates reliably and stably,the vector acoustic field data are acquired accurately; the average power of the system is 350 mW. The system can be widely applied in low frequency vector acoustic field detection.
引文
[1]WALKINSHAW H M.Measurements of ambient noise spectra in the south norwegian sea[J].IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering,2005,30(2):262-266.
[2]TESEI A.An advanced digital hydrophone array for ship noise measurements[J].ECUA2010 Istanbul Conference,2010:3-12.
[3]WAGSTAFF R A,AITKENHEAD J W.Ambient noise measurements in the northwest Indian Ocean[J].IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering,2005,30(2):295-302.
[4]孙伟,郭宝龙,陈龙.便携式水听器测试仪的研究与实现[J].仪器仪表学报,2011,32(2):375-380.SUN W,GUO B L,CHEN L.Design and implementation of portable hydrophone instrument[J].Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument,2011,32(2):375-380.
[5]吕云飞.甚低频矢量水听器潜标探测系统关键技术研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学,2010.LV Y F.Key technology study of subsurface buoy detection system based on very low frequency vector sensor[D].Harbin:Harbin Engineering University,2010.
[6]孙贵青,李启虎.声矢量传感器研究进展[J].声学学报,2004,29(6):481-490.SUN G Q,LI Q H.Progress of study on acoustic vector sensor[J].Acta Acustica,2004,29(6):481-490.
[7]MCCONNE J A.Analysis of a compliantly suspended acoustic velocity sensor[J].J Acoust.Soc.Am,2003,113(3):1395-1405.
[8]曾雄飞,孙贵青,李宇.单矢量水听器的几种DOA估计方法[J].仪器仪表学报,2012,33(3):499-507.ZENG X F,SUN G Q,LI Y.Several approaches of DOA estimation for single vector hydrophone[J].Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument,2012,33(3):499-507.
[9]时胜国,杨德森,洪连进.同振球型矢量水听器声波接收理论研究[J].声学学报,2009,34(1):30-38.SHI SH G,YANG D S,HONG L J.Research on sound wave receiving theory of co-oscillating sphere type vector hydrophone[J].Acta Acustica,2009,34(1):30-38.
[10]杨德森,洪连进.矢量水听器原理及应用引论[M].北京:科学出版社,2009:41-87.YANG D S,HONG L J.The principle and application of the introduction of vector hydrophone[M].Beijing:Science Press,2009:41-87.
[11]赛尔吉欧·佛朗哥,刘树棠.基于运算放大器和模拟集成电路的电路设计[M].西安:西安交通大学出版社,2009:277-289.FRANCO S,LIU SH T.Design with operational amplifiers and analog integrated circuits[M].Xi’an:Xi’an Jiaotong University Press,2009:277-289.
[12]王怀秀,刘红梅,朱国维.新型本安分布式矿井三分量地震仪的研制[J].电子测量与仪器学报,2008,22(增刊1):347-352.WANG H X,LIU H M,ZHU G W.Development of new essential safety distributed mine 3-component seismograph[J].Journal of Electronic Measurement and Instrument,2012,22(Suppl.1):347-352.
[2]TESEI A.An advanced digital hydrophone array for ship noise measurements[J].ECUA2010 Istanbul Conference,2010:3-12.
[3]WAGSTAFF R A,AITKENHEAD J W.Ambient noise measurements in the northwest Indian Ocean[J].IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering,2005,30(2):295-302.
[4]孙伟,郭宝龙,陈龙.便携式水听器测试仪的研究与实现[J].仪器仪表学报,2011,32(2):375-380.SUN W,GUO B L,CHEN L.Design and implementation of portable hydrophone instrument[J].Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument,2011,32(2):375-380.
[5]吕云飞.甚低频矢量水听器潜标探测系统关键技术研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学,2010.LV Y F.Key technology study of subsurface buoy detection system based on very low frequency vector sensor[D].Harbin:Harbin Engineering University,2010.
[6]孙贵青,李启虎.声矢量传感器研究进展[J].声学学报,2004,29(6):481-490.SUN G Q,LI Q H.Progress of study on acoustic vector sensor[J].Acta Acustica,2004,29(6):481-490.
[7]MCCONNE J A.Analysis of a compliantly suspended acoustic velocity sensor[J].J Acoust.Soc.Am,2003,113(3):1395-1405.
[8]曾雄飞,孙贵青,李宇.单矢量水听器的几种DOA估计方法[J].仪器仪表学报,2012,33(3):499-507.ZENG X F,SUN G Q,LI Y.Several approaches of DOA estimation for single vector hydrophone[J].Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument,2012,33(3):499-507.
[9]时胜国,杨德森,洪连进.同振球型矢量水听器声波接收理论研究[J].声学学报,2009,34(1):30-38.SHI SH G,YANG D S,HONG L J.Research on sound wave receiving theory of co-oscillating sphere type vector hydrophone[J].Acta Acustica,2009,34(1):30-38.
[10]杨德森,洪连进.矢量水听器原理及应用引论[M].北京:科学出版社,2009:41-87.YANG D S,HONG L J.The principle and application of the introduction of vector hydrophone[M].Beijing:Science Press,2009:41-87.
[11]赛尔吉欧·佛朗哥,刘树棠.基于运算放大器和模拟集成电路的电路设计[M].西安:西安交通大学出版社,2009:277-289.FRANCO S,LIU SH T.Design with operational amplifiers and analog integrated circuits[M].Xi’an:Xi’an Jiaotong University Press,2009:277-289.
[12]王怀秀,刘红梅,朱国维.新型本安分布式矿井三分量地震仪的研制[J].电子测量与仪器学报,2008,22(增刊1):347-352.WANG H X,LIU H M,ZHU G W.Development of new essential safety distributed mine 3-component seismograph[J].Journal of Electronic Measurement and Instrument,2012,22(Suppl.1):347-352.