土壤组分对磷形态和磷吸附-解吸的影响——基于三峡库区消落带落干期土壤
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摘要
通过选择性去除土壤组分的方法,探讨了三峡库区消落带落干期3种典型土壤中有机质、铁氧化物组分对磷形态和磷吸附-解吸的影响.结果发现,三峡库区消落带落干期3种典型土壤去除的有机质以易氧化组分为主,去除有机质后,土壤中各种磷形态的含量变化较小.然而,去除游离铁氧化物后,土壤中各种磷形态的含量均发生明显降低.同时,去除有机质、游离铁氧化物组分后并未改变土壤中各种磷形态的相对大小顺序,均为:钙结合磷(Ca-P)>有机磷(OP)>铁/铝结合磷(Fe/Al-P).此外,黄壤(FJ)、紫色潮土(KX)和灰棕紫泥(FL)去除有机质后对磷的吸附能力较原始土壤仅分别降低0.5%、2.3%、6.5%(P=0.017<0.05,显著性差异),表明3种土壤中有机质组分对磷吸附的影响较小;而去除游离铁氧化物后对磷的吸附能力分别降低45.6%、51.7%、43.9%(P=0.004<0.05,显著性差异),表明土壤中游离铁氧化物组分是决定磷吸附大小的重要因素.另外,3种土壤去除游离铁氧化物后较原始土壤吸附磷的解吸能力明显增加,表明游离铁氧化物组分是控制3种土壤吸附磷的解吸的重要因素.FL土壤去除有机质组分后较原始土壤吸附磷的解吸能力略有降低,而KX和FJ土壤去除有机质组分后较原始土壤吸附磷的解吸能力无明显差异,表明有机质组分对土壤吸附磷的解吸的影响与土壤类型有关.
Selective removal of organic matter or iron oxide from three typical dry-period soils were explored to investigate its direct effect on P fractions and adsorption-desorption behavior in the water-level-fluctuating zone(WLFZ) of the Three Gorges Reservoir(TGR). The data showed that kinds of P fractions in three dry-period soils were not significant decreased with removal of readily oxidizable organic matter. However, kinds of P fractions were significantly decreased with removal of free iron oxides in the three soils. Notably, different P fractions were both in the order as follows: Ca-P > OP > Fe/Al-P, before and after removal of organic matter or free iron oxides in the three soils. Moreover, after removal of organic matter, the adsorption capacity of yellow soil(FJ),purple alluvial soil(KX), grey brown purple soil(FL) for P was only decreased by 0.5%, 2.3%, 6.5%(P=0.017<0.05, significant difference), respectively, which indicated that P adsorbed on the three soils were little influenced by organic matter. In addition, after removal of free iron oxides, the adsorption capacity of FJ, KX, FL soil for P was significantly decreased by 45.6%, 51.7%,43.9%(P=0.004<0.05, significant difference), respectively, which revealed that P adsorbed on the three soils were dominated by free iron oxides. More importantly, the desorption capacity of three soils for P was increased after removal of free iron oxides, which presented that free iron oxides were also the predominant factor to control desorption behavior of freshly sorbed P. Then, the desorption capacity of FL for P was little decreased after removal of organic mater, and there were no distinction for it before and after removal of organic matter in KX and FJ soils, which showed that the desorption capacity of three soils for P were influenced by organic matter related to soil category.
Selective removal of organic matter or iron oxide from three typical dry-period soils were explored to investigate its direct effect on P fractions and adsorption-desorption behavior in the water-level-fluctuating zone(WLFZ) of the Three Gorges Reservoir(TGR). The data showed that kinds of P fractions in three dry-period soils were not significant decreased with removal of readily oxidizable organic matter. However, kinds of P fractions were significantly decreased with removal of free iron oxides in the three soils. Notably, different P fractions were both in the order as follows: Ca-P > OP > Fe/Al-P, before and after removal of organic matter or free iron oxides in the three soils. Moreover, after removal of organic matter, the adsorption capacity of yellow soil(FJ),purple alluvial soil(KX), grey brown purple soil(FL) for P was only decreased by 0.5%, 2.3%, 6.5%(P=0.017<0.05, significant difference), respectively, which indicated that P adsorbed on the three soils were little influenced by organic matter. In addition, after removal of free iron oxides, the adsorption capacity of FJ, KX, FL soil for P was significantly decreased by 45.6%, 51.7%,43.9%(P=0.004<0.05, significant difference), respectively, which revealed that P adsorbed on the three soils were dominated by free iron oxides. More importantly, the desorption capacity of three soils for P was increased after removal of free iron oxides, which presented that free iron oxides were also the predominant factor to control desorption behavior of freshly sorbed P. Then, the desorption capacity of FL for P was little decreased after removal of organic mater, and there were no distinction for it before and after removal of organic matter in KX and FJ soils, which showed that the desorption capacity of three soils for P were influenced by organic matter related to soil category.
引文
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[20]Kaiser K,Guggenberger G.The role of DOM sorption to mineral surfaces in the preservation of organic matter in soils[J].Organic Geochemistry,2000,31(7/8):711-725.
[21]Katsaounos C Z,Giokas D L,Leonardos I D,et al.Speciation of phosphorus fractionation in river sediments by explanatory data analysis[J].Water Research,2007,41(2):406-418.
[22]Zhang B,Fang F,Guo J,et al.Phosphorus fractions and phosphate sorption-release characteristics relevant to the soil composition of water-level-fluctuating zone of Three Gorges Reservoir[J].Ecological Engineering,2012,40:153-159.
[23]Tang X,Wu M,Li Q,et al.Impacts of water level regulation on sediment physic-chemical properties and phosphorus adsorptiondesorption behaviors[J].Ecological Engineering,2014,70:450-458.
[24]Kang J,Hesterberg D,Osmond D L.Soil organic matter effects on phosphorus sorption:a path analysis[J].Soil Science Society of America Journal,2009,73(2):360-366.
[25]Afif E,Barrón V,Torrent J,et al.Organic matter delays but does not prevent phosphate sorption by cerrado soils from Brazil[J].Soil Science,1995,159(3):207-211.
[26]Lu L,Gao M,Gu Z,et al.A comparative study and evaluation of sulfamethoxazole adsorption onto organo-montmorillonites[J].Journal of Environmental Sciences,2014,26(12):2535-2545.
[27]Wang L,Tao L.Effects of exogenous rare earth elements on phosphorus adsorption and desorption in different types of soils[J].Chemosphere,2014,103(5):148-155.
[28]Sharpley A N,Mcdowell R W,Kleinman P J A.Phosphorus loss from land to water:integrating agricultural and environmental management[J].Plant and Soil,2001,237(2):287-307.
[29]Zou P,Fu J,Cao Z.Chronosequence of paddy soils and phosphorus sorption-desorption properties[J].Journal of Soils and Sediments,2011,11(2):249-259.
[30]Xia Y,Lou Y S,Yang C G,et al.Characteristics of phosphate adsorption and desorption in paddy soils[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2002,35(11):1369-1374.
[31]Lai D Y F,Lam K C.Phosphorus sorption by sediments in a subtropical constructed wetland receiving stormwater runoff[J].Ecological Engineering,2009,35(5):735-743.
[32]McDowell R,Condron L.Influence of soil constituents on soil phosphorus sorption and desorption[J].Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis,2001,32(15/16):2531-2547.
[33]王艳玲.吉林玉米带黑土磷素形态及吸附-解吸特性研究[D].吉林:吉林农业大学,2004.Wang Yanling.Study on the forms of phosphorus and characteristics of adsorption-desorption of the corn belt Phaeozem in Jilin[D].Jinling:Jinling Agricultural University,2004.
[34]Hosseinpur A R,Kiani S,Halvaei M.Impact of municipal compost on soil phosphorus availability and mineral phosphorus fractions in some calcareous soils[J].Environmental Earth Sciences,2012,67(1):91-96.
[35]Schreeg L A,Mack M C,Turner B L.Leaf litter inputs decrease phosphate sorption in a strongly weathered tropical soil over two time scales[J].Biogeochemistry,2012,113(1-3):507-524.
[36]Xu G,Sun J N,Shao H B,et al.Biochar had effects on phosphorus sorption and desorption in three soils with differing acidity[J].Ecological Engineering,2014,62:54-60.
[2]Wang X,Li W,Harrington R,et al.Effect of ferrihydrite crystallite size on phosphate adsorption reactivity[J].Environmental Science and Technology,2013,47(18):10322-10331.
[3]Yan J,Jiang T,Yao Y,et al.Preliminary investigation of phosphorus adsorption onto two types of iron oxide-organic matter complexes[J].Journal of Environmental Sciences,2016,42(4):152-162.
[4]Zhang Y,Lin X,Werner W.The effect of soil flooding on the transformation of Fe oxides and the adsorption/desorption behavior of phosphate[J].Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science,2003,166(1):68-75.
[5]李璐璐.三峡库区消落带土壤及沉积物中磷素分布与赋存特征研究[D].重庆:西南大学,2014.Li lulu.Characteristics of phosphorus distribution and occurrence in soils and sediments of the water-level fluctuation zone in the Three Gorges Reservoir Areas[D].Chongqing:Southwest University,2014.
[6]朱强.三峡库区消落带土壤磷吸附特性及淹水-落干周期下的变迁[D].武汉:华中农业大学,2012.Zhu Qiang.Phosphorus adsorption and transition by flooding-drain cycle in tidal zone soils of the Three Gorges Reservoir[D].Wuhan:Central China Agricultural University,2012.
[7]郭念.三峡库区消落带典型土壤铁还原行为对磷释放的影响[D].重庆:西南大学,2014.Guo Nian.Effect of iron reduction on phosphorus release in the typical soil during the flooding in water-level fluctuating zone of Three Gorges Reservoir region[D].Chongqing:Southwest University,2014.
[8]Borggaard O K,Raben-Lange B,Gimsing A L,et al.Influence of humic substances on phosphate adsorption by aluminium and iron oxides[J].Geoderma,2005,127(3):270-279.
[9]Antelo J,Fiol S,Pérez C,et al.Analysis of phosphate adsorption onto ferrihydrite using the CD-MUSIC model[J].Journal of colloid and interface science,2010,347(1):112-119.
[10]曹琳.三峡库区消落带水-沉积物界面磷干湿交替分布特征及转化机理研究[D].重庆:重庆大学,2011.Cao Lin.The distribution characteristics and transformation mechanism of phosphorus research on water/sediments wet-dry alternation in water level fluctuating zone of Three Gorges Reservoir area[D].Chongqing:Chongqing University,2011.
[11]Ololade I A,Oladoja N A,Alomaja F,et al.Influence of organic carbon and metal oxide phases on sorption of 2,4,6-trichlorobenzoic acid under oxic and anoxic conditions[J].Environmental Monitoring and Assessment,2015,187(1):4170-4185.
[12]Kasozi G N,Nkedi-Kizza P,Li Y,et al.Sorption of atrazine and ametryn by carbonatic and non-carbonatic soils of varied origin[J].Environmental Pollution,2012,169(15):12-19.
[13]郭松松.三峡库区消落带磷赋存形态及吸附/释放规律研究[D].重庆:重庆大学,2012.Guo Songsong.Phosphorus fractions and phosphate sorption-release characteristics of the surface soil in water-level-fluctuating zone of Three Gorges Reservoir[D].Chongqing:Chongqing University,2012.
[14]Mikutta R,Kleber M,Kaiser K,et al.Review:Organic matter removal from soils using hydrogen peroxide,sodium hypochlorite,and disodium peroxodisulfate[J].Soil Science Society of America Journal,2005,69(1):120-135.
[15]Li Z,Huang B,Huang J,et al.Influence of removal of organic matter and iron and manganese oxides on cadmium adsorption by red paddy soil aggregates[J].RSC Advances,2015,5(110):90588-90595.
[16]Ruban V,López-Sánchez J F,Pardo P,et al.Harmonized protocol and certified reference material for the determination of extractable contents of phosphorus in freshwater sediments-a synthesis of recent works[J].Fresenius Journal of Analytical Chemistry,2001,370(2/3):224-228.
[17]鲍士旦.土壤农化分析(第三版)[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2000:30-35;70-97.Bao Shidan.Soil agrochemical analysis(Third Edition)[M].Beijing:China Agriculture Press,2000:30-35;70-97.
[18]张甘霖,龚子同.土壤调查实验室分析方法[M].北京:科学出版社,2012:126-128;156.Zhang Ganlin,Gong Zitong.Soil survey laboratory analysis method[M].Beijing:Science Press,2012:126-128;156.
[19]水和废水监测分析方法[M].4版.北京:中国环境科学出版社,2002:243-246.Water and wastewater monitoring and analysis methods(Fourth Edition)[M].Beijing:China Environmental Science Press,2002:243-246.
[20]Kaiser K,Guggenberger G.The role of DOM sorption to mineral surfaces in the preservation of organic matter in soils[J].Organic Geochemistry,2000,31(7/8):711-725.
[21]Katsaounos C Z,Giokas D L,Leonardos I D,et al.Speciation of phosphorus fractionation in river sediments by explanatory data analysis[J].Water Research,2007,41(2):406-418.
[22]Zhang B,Fang F,Guo J,et al.Phosphorus fractions and phosphate sorption-release characteristics relevant to the soil composition of water-level-fluctuating zone of Three Gorges Reservoir[J].Ecological Engineering,2012,40:153-159.
[23]Tang X,Wu M,Li Q,et al.Impacts of water level regulation on sediment physic-chemical properties and phosphorus adsorptiondesorption behaviors[J].Ecological Engineering,2014,70:450-458.
[24]Kang J,Hesterberg D,Osmond D L.Soil organic matter effects on phosphorus sorption:a path analysis[J].Soil Science Society of America Journal,2009,73(2):360-366.
[25]Afif E,Barrón V,Torrent J,et al.Organic matter delays but does not prevent phosphate sorption by cerrado soils from Brazil[J].Soil Science,1995,159(3):207-211.
[26]Lu L,Gao M,Gu Z,et al.A comparative study and evaluation of sulfamethoxazole adsorption onto organo-montmorillonites[J].Journal of Environmental Sciences,2014,26(12):2535-2545.
[27]Wang L,Tao L.Effects of exogenous rare earth elements on phosphorus adsorption and desorption in different types of soils[J].Chemosphere,2014,103(5):148-155.
[28]Sharpley A N,Mcdowell R W,Kleinman P J A.Phosphorus loss from land to water:integrating agricultural and environmental management[J].Plant and Soil,2001,237(2):287-307.
[29]Zou P,Fu J,Cao Z.Chronosequence of paddy soils and phosphorus sorption-desorption properties[J].Journal of Soils and Sediments,2011,11(2):249-259.
[30]Xia Y,Lou Y S,Yang C G,et al.Characteristics of phosphate adsorption and desorption in paddy soils[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2002,35(11):1369-1374.
[31]Lai D Y F,Lam K C.Phosphorus sorption by sediments in a subtropical constructed wetland receiving stormwater runoff[J].Ecological Engineering,2009,35(5):735-743.
[32]McDowell R,Condron L.Influence of soil constituents on soil phosphorus sorption and desorption[J].Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis,2001,32(15/16):2531-2547.
[33]王艳玲.吉林玉米带黑土磷素形态及吸附-解吸特性研究[D].吉林:吉林农业大学,2004.Wang Yanling.Study on the forms of phosphorus and characteristics of adsorption-desorption of the corn belt Phaeozem in Jilin[D].Jinling:Jinling Agricultural University,2004.
[34]Hosseinpur A R,Kiani S,Halvaei M.Impact of municipal compost on soil phosphorus availability and mineral phosphorus fractions in some calcareous soils[J].Environmental Earth Sciences,2012,67(1):91-96.
[35]Schreeg L A,Mack M C,Turner B L.Leaf litter inputs decrease phosphate sorption in a strongly weathered tropical soil over two time scales[J].Biogeochemistry,2012,113(1-3):507-524.
[36]Xu G,Sun J N,Shao H B,et al.Biochar had effects on phosphorus sorption and desorption in three soils with differing acidity[J].Ecological Engineering,2014,62:54-60.