亚太区域合作的新机遇与新挑战
摘要
近年亚太地区区域合作出现新发展、迎来新机遇,也将不断面临新挑战。2017年,亚太地区区域合作发展凸显出新特征,即中国主导亚洲经济整合、中国新经济正引领亚洲以及"一带一路"亚欧经济整合。剖析这些特征所带来的新机遇,则能蠡测亚洲经济整合的前景与未来所面对的新挑战。
引文
[1]To-hai Liou,2016,“Taiwan's Role in the Enhancing Asia-Europe Economic Interactions,” The Current Issues of Economic and Social Integration in Hungary and Taiwan[G].Proceedings of the Scientific Conference of Budapest Business School-University of Applied Sciences,pp.32-44.
[2]To-hai Liou,2007,“Asia's Response to China's FTA Strategy:Implications for Asian Economic Integration”[J/OL].Journal of East Asian Affairs,Spring/Summer,http://www.inss.re.kr/contents/publications_en.htm.
[3]Augusto de la Torre,Daniel Lederman,Samuel Pienknagura.Doing It Right[J/OL].Finance & Development,2015(3).http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/fandd/2015/09/delatorre.htm.
[4]Asian Economic Integration Report 2015:How Can Special Economic Zones Catalyze Economic Development?[EB/OL].http://www.adb.org/sites/default/files/publication/177205/asian-economic-integration-report-2015.pdf.
[5]An FTA Allows Its Parties Concerned Special Favors,such As Non-Tariffs in Exporting.To-hai Liou,“South Korea's Approach to FTAs,”[J].Taiwanese Journal of WTO Studies,2006:130.
[6]S.Pushpanathan.The Importance of Private Sector[EB/OL].The Jakarta Post,September 2 2010,http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2010/09/02/the-importance-private-sector.html.
[7]全球对华出口额10年内增至1.8倍[EB/OL].(2018-01-09),http://zh.cn.nikkei.com/politicsaeconomy/investtrade/28702-2018-01-09-05-00-00.html.
[8]Armitage,Richard L,Joseph S.Nye,Jr.,CSIS Commission on Smart Power-A smarter,More Secure America,(Washington,D.C.:The CSIS Press,2007).
[9]陈一新.美中战略情势主客易位[EB/OL].http://www.npf.org.tw/1/10701.
[10]亚洲经济正在中国化[EB/OL](2018-01-09)http://zh.cn.nikkei.com/china/ceconomy/28698-2018-01-09-05-00-10.html.
[11]2018年利用外资前瞻:流量平稳回升、结构续优化[EB/OL].(2017-11-01)http://finance.people.com.cn/BIG5/n1/2017/1101/c1004-29620504.html.
[12]韩国对越出口、逆进口同时激增,韩国生产基地正由中国转向越南[EB/OL].(2017-12-20)http://china.hani.co.kr/arti/economy/4344.html.
[13]消费力超美六冲5.8万亿美元[EB/OL].http://www.chinatimes.com/newspapers/20180114000072-260301.
[14]日本应正视中国是新创大国的事实[EB/OL].(2017-05-10)http://zh.cn.nikkei.com/columnviewpoint/column/25006-2017-05-10-04-52-01.html.
[15]IT败北的日本欲在物联网领域反超,中国传统企业凭借新技术大蜕变[EB/OL].(2017-11-16)http://china.hani.co.kr/arti/economy/4177.html.
[16]China Led the World in Mobile Payment for 2016[EB/OL].http://www.globaltimes.cn/content/1067881.shtml.
[17]中国经济“蛙跳”到何时[EB/OL].(2018-01-10)http://zh.cn.nikkei.com/columnviewpoint/column/28715-2018-01-10-05-00-10.html.
[18]2017 Mobile Payment Usage in China Tencent Research Institute[EB/OL].(2017-07-08)https://www.chinatechinsights.com/report/180955105.html.
[19]可怕的中国IT企业,腾讯和阿里巴巴集团的市价总值超越三星电子[EB/OL].(2018-01-11)http://chinese.donga.com/Home/3/all/28/1186986/1.
[20]华人推动电商“出海”:经营模式升级[EB/OL].(2018-01-11)http://bj.crntt.com/doc/1049/3/6/3/104936376.html?coluid=49&kindid=972&docid=104936376&mdate=0111104323.
[21]台湾人最黏!手机上网时间全球之冠[EB/OL].http://www.brain.com.tw/news/articlecontent?ID=20555&sort=#4ymfyylp.
[22]Smartphone Penetration to Reach 66% in 2018[EB/OL].https://www.zenithmedia.com/smartphone-penetration-reach-66-2018/.
[23]Denmark “Has Highest Smartphone Penetration Rate in the World”[EB/OL].http://www.netimperative.com/2017/12/denmark-highest-smartphone-penetration-rate-world/.
[24]中国正在塑造全球科技的未来[EB/OL].(2018-01-16)http://www.ftchinese.com/story/001075934.
[25]日本上演手机支付争夺战[EB/OL].(2018-01-18)http://zh.cn.nikkei.com/industry/tradingretail/28830-2018-01-18-05-00-20.html.
[26]去年日本旅游市场消费额创纪录[EB/OL].(2018-01-17)http://www.ftchinese.com/story/001075972.
[27]China's Alibaba Breaks Singles Day Record as Sales Surge[EB/OL].http://www.bbc.com/news/business-34773940.
[28]阿里巴巴天猫“双十一”为何能年年突破销售成续?[EB/OL].(2017-11-12)http://www.bbc.com/zhongwen/trad/chinese-news-41958861.
[29]Shannon Tiezzi.China's “New Silk Road” Vision Revealed[EB/OL].http://thediplomat.com/2014/05/chinas-new-silk-road-vision-revealed/.
[30]To-hai Liou.Changing International Politics on the Korean Peninsula:from Geo-politics to Geo-economics[J].Prospect Journal:Taiwan Forum,2014,(12):1-31.
[31]Justyna Szczudlik-Tatar.China's New Silk Road Diplomacy[EB/OL].https://www.pism.pl/files/?id_plik=15818.
[32]Simon Shen.How China's “Belt and Road” Compares to the Marshall Plan,Should We think of “One Belt,One Road” as China's Marshall Plan?[EB/OL].http://thediplomat.com/2016/02/how-chinas-belt-and-road-compares-to-the-marshall-plan/.
[33]China and the World:With New Silk Road,Xi Seeks to Have All Roads Lead to Beijing[EB/OL].http://asia.nikkei.com/Politics-Economy/International-Relations/With-new-Silk-Road-Xi-seeks-to-have-all-roads-lead-to-Beijing.
[34]Wang Yiwei.Misconceptions about China's Belt and Road[EB/OL].http://www.chinapost.com.tw/commentary/the-china-post/special-to-the-china-post/2015/11/29/452142/Misconceptions-about.htm.
[35]中国已成亚洲16个国家最大交易伙伴[EB/OL].(2018-01-11)http://www.chinesenews.net.au/navigator/finnews/cj_2018_01-11_8421969.shtml.
[36]海关总署.2017年全年中国外贸进出口持续增长[EB/OL].http://www.chinesenews.net.au/navigator/finnews/cj_2018_01-12_8422340.shtml.
[37] 2018年利用外资前瞻:流量平稳回升、结构继续优化[EB/OL].(2017-11-01)http://finance.people.com.cn/BIG5/n1/2017/1101/c1004-29620504.html.
[38]亚洲经济正在中国化[EB/OL].(2018-01-09)http://zh.cn.nikkei.com/china/ceconomy/28698-2018-01-09-05-00-10.html.
(1)第二次世界大战结束后,推动亚太地区经济合作最力者是日本。1965年10月小岛清与粟本弘首次提出成立太平洋自由贸易区(Pacific Free Trade Area,PAFTA),此即后来的太平洋贸易暨发展会议(Pacific Trade and Development Conference,缩写为PAFTAD)。自1968年成立以来,PAFTAD曾多次对PAFTA的观念进行讨论,但对其成立的可能性则多表悲观。在推动PAFTA不成后,日本改而倡议组成太平洋贸易与发展组织(Organization for Pacific Trade and Development,OPTAD)。http://www.ctpecc.org.tw/00about/pecc.asp
(2)中国的13亿人口加上印度的12亿人口、东盟的6亿人口和欧盟的5亿人口。
[2]To-hai Liou,2007,“Asia's Response to China's FTA Strategy:Implications for Asian Economic Integration”[J/OL].Journal of East Asian Affairs,Spring/Summer,http://www.inss.re.kr/contents/publications_en.htm.
[3]Augusto de la Torre,Daniel Lederman,Samuel Pienknagura.Doing It Right[J/OL].Finance & Development,2015(3).http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/fandd/2015/09/delatorre.htm.
[4]Asian Economic Integration Report 2015:How Can Special Economic Zones Catalyze Economic Development?[EB/OL].http://www.adb.org/sites/default/files/publication/177205/asian-economic-integration-report-2015.pdf.
[5]An FTA Allows Its Parties Concerned Special Favors,such As Non-Tariffs in Exporting.To-hai Liou,“South Korea's Approach to FTAs,”[J].Taiwanese Journal of WTO Studies,2006:130.
[6]S.Pushpanathan.The Importance of Private Sector[EB/OL].The Jakarta Post,September 2 2010,http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2010/09/02/the-importance-private-sector.html.
[7]全球对华出口额10年内增至1.8倍[EB/OL].(2018-01-09),http://zh.cn.nikkei.com/politicsaeconomy/investtrade/28702-2018-01-09-05-00-00.html.
[8]Armitage,Richard L,Joseph S.Nye,Jr.,CSIS Commission on Smart Power-A smarter,More Secure America,(Washington,D.C.:The CSIS Press,2007).
[9]陈一新.美中战略情势主客易位[EB/OL].http://www.npf.org.tw/1/10701.
[10]亚洲经济正在中国化[EB/OL](2018-01-09)http://zh.cn.nikkei.com/china/ceconomy/28698-2018-01-09-05-00-10.html.
[11]2018年利用外资前瞻:流量平稳回升、结构续优化[EB/OL].(2017-11-01)http://finance.people.com.cn/BIG5/n1/2017/1101/c1004-29620504.html.
[12]韩国对越出口、逆进口同时激增,韩国生产基地正由中国转向越南[EB/OL].(2017-12-20)http://china.hani.co.kr/arti/economy/4344.html.
[13]消费力超美六冲5.8万亿美元[EB/OL].http://www.chinatimes.com/newspapers/20180114000072-260301.
[14]日本应正视中国是新创大国的事实[EB/OL].(2017-05-10)http://zh.cn.nikkei.com/columnviewpoint/column/25006-2017-05-10-04-52-01.html.
[15]IT败北的日本欲在物联网领域反超,中国传统企业凭借新技术大蜕变[EB/OL].(2017-11-16)http://china.hani.co.kr/arti/economy/4177.html.
[16]China Led the World in Mobile Payment for 2016[EB/OL].http://www.globaltimes.cn/content/1067881.shtml.
[17]中国经济“蛙跳”到何时[EB/OL].(2018-01-10)http://zh.cn.nikkei.com/columnviewpoint/column/28715-2018-01-10-05-00-10.html.
[18]2017 Mobile Payment Usage in China Tencent Research Institute[EB/OL].(2017-07-08)https://www.chinatechinsights.com/report/180955105.html.
[19]可怕的中国IT企业,腾讯和阿里巴巴集团的市价总值超越三星电子[EB/OL].(2018-01-11)http://chinese.donga.com/Home/3/all/28/1186986/1.
[20]华人推动电商“出海”:经营模式升级[EB/OL].(2018-01-11)http://bj.crntt.com/doc/1049/3/6/3/104936376.html?coluid=49&kindid=972&docid=104936376&mdate=0111104323.
[21]台湾人最黏!手机上网时间全球之冠[EB/OL].http://www.brain.com.tw/news/articlecontent?ID=20555&sort=#4ymfyylp.
[22]Smartphone Penetration to Reach 66% in 2018[EB/OL].https://www.zenithmedia.com/smartphone-penetration-reach-66-2018/.
[23]Denmark “Has Highest Smartphone Penetration Rate in the World”[EB/OL].http://www.netimperative.com/2017/12/denmark-highest-smartphone-penetration-rate-world/.
[24]中国正在塑造全球科技的未来[EB/OL].(2018-01-16)http://www.ftchinese.com/story/001075934.
[25]日本上演手机支付争夺战[EB/OL].(2018-01-18)http://zh.cn.nikkei.com/industry/tradingretail/28830-2018-01-18-05-00-20.html.
[26]去年日本旅游市场消费额创纪录[EB/OL].(2018-01-17)http://www.ftchinese.com/story/001075972.
[27]China's Alibaba Breaks Singles Day Record as Sales Surge[EB/OL].http://www.bbc.com/news/business-34773940.
[28]阿里巴巴天猫“双十一”为何能年年突破销售成续?[EB/OL].(2017-11-12)http://www.bbc.com/zhongwen/trad/chinese-news-41958861.
[29]Shannon Tiezzi.China's “New Silk Road” Vision Revealed[EB/OL].http://thediplomat.com/2014/05/chinas-new-silk-road-vision-revealed/.
[30]To-hai Liou.Changing International Politics on the Korean Peninsula:from Geo-politics to Geo-economics[J].Prospect Journal:Taiwan Forum,2014,(12):1-31.
[31]Justyna Szczudlik-Tatar.China's New Silk Road Diplomacy[EB/OL].https://www.pism.pl/files/?id_plik=15818.
[32]Simon Shen.How China's “Belt and Road” Compares to the Marshall Plan,Should We think of “One Belt,One Road” as China's Marshall Plan?[EB/OL].http://thediplomat.com/2016/02/how-chinas-belt-and-road-compares-to-the-marshall-plan/.
[33]China and the World:With New Silk Road,Xi Seeks to Have All Roads Lead to Beijing[EB/OL].http://asia.nikkei.com/Politics-Economy/International-Relations/With-new-Silk-Road-Xi-seeks-to-have-all-roads-lead-to-Beijing.
[34]Wang Yiwei.Misconceptions about China's Belt and Road[EB/OL].http://www.chinapost.com.tw/commentary/the-china-post/special-to-the-china-post/2015/11/29/452142/Misconceptions-about.htm.
[35]中国已成亚洲16个国家最大交易伙伴[EB/OL].(2018-01-11)http://www.chinesenews.net.au/navigator/finnews/cj_2018_01-11_8421969.shtml.
[36]海关总署.2017年全年中国外贸进出口持续增长[EB/OL].http://www.chinesenews.net.au/navigator/finnews/cj_2018_01-12_8422340.shtml.
[37] 2018年利用外资前瞻:流量平稳回升、结构继续优化[EB/OL].(2017-11-01)http://finance.people.com.cn/BIG5/n1/2017/1101/c1004-29620504.html.
[38]亚洲经济正在中国化[EB/OL].(2018-01-09)http://zh.cn.nikkei.com/china/ceconomy/28698-2018-01-09-05-00-10.html.
(1)第二次世界大战结束后,推动亚太地区经济合作最力者是日本。1965年10月小岛清与粟本弘首次提出成立太平洋自由贸易区(Pacific Free Trade Area,PAFTA),此即后来的太平洋贸易暨发展会议(Pacific Trade and Development Conference,缩写为PAFTAD)。自1968年成立以来,PAFTAD曾多次对PAFTA的观念进行讨论,但对其成立的可能性则多表悲观。在推动PAFTA不成后,日本改而倡议组成太平洋贸易与发展组织(Organization for Pacific Trade and Development,OPTAD)。http://www.ctpecc.org.tw/00about/pecc.asp
(2)中国的13亿人口加上印度的12亿人口、东盟的6亿人口和欧盟的5亿人口。