四川盆地龙马溪组页岩中碳酸盐矿物形成机制
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摘要
碳酸盐胶结物是四川盆地龙马溪组页岩中重要的自身矿物,但对其形成机制目前尚无深入研究。以四川盆地龙马溪组A井和B井为研究对象,综合应用全岩X射线衍射测试、扫描电镜分析了页岩中自身碳酸盐矿物的类型,并利用分成分碳氧同位素对其形成机制进行了研究。结果表明:四川盆地龙马溪组页岩中碳酸盐矿物沉积水介质主要为陆相淡水。A井的方解石δ~(13)C平均值为-1. 14‰,δ~(18)O平均值为-12. 63‰,B井的方解石δ~(13)C平均值为-2. 40‰,δ~(18)O平均值为-12. 84‰,氧同位素表明两口井方解石均主要形成于早成岩B期,碳主要来源于有机质脱羧反应; A井白云石δ~(13)C平均值为-1. 84‰,δ~(18)O平均值为-7. 56‰,其形成主要与早成岩阶段硫酸盐还原作用密切相关; B井白云石的δ~(13)C平均值为-4. 48‰,δ~(18)O平均值为-11. 12‰,主要与中成岩A期有机质脱羧反应密切相关,铁白云石主要形成于晚成岩阶段;黏土矿物转化提供了研究区碳酸盐矿物沉淀所需要的钙离子、镁离子及铁离子。该研究成果对进一步分析四川盆地龙马溪组页岩成岩演化具有重要指导意义。
Carbonate cement is an important authigentic mineral in organic-rich shale of Longmaxi Formation,Sichuan Basin,but no further study has been conducted on its formation mechanisms currently. The shales of A and B wells in Longmaxi Formation are taken as a research object,southwestern part of Sichuan Basin. Based on analysis of X-diffraction,scanning electron microscope,combined with carbon and oxygen isotopes,formation mechanisms of carbonate minerals were revealed. The results show that the authigentic carbonate minerals were mainly affected by atmospheric fresh water. The average of δ~(13)C of calcite in well A is -1. 14‰ and the δ~(18)O is -12. 63‰,the average of δ~(13)C of calcite in well B is -2. 40‰ and the δ~(18)O is -12. 84‰,the oxygen isotope showed that calcite in both wells was mainly formed in the early diagenetic B stage; The average of δ~(13)C of dolomite in well A is -1. 84‰ and the δ~(18)O is -7. 56‰,its formation was mainly affected by sulfate reduction in early diagenesis stage and precipitated berore calcite; The average of δ~(13)C of dolomite in well B is -4. 48‰ and the δ~(18)O is -11. 12‰,its formation was mainly affected by organic decarboxylation in the middle diagenetic A stage; Ankerites were formed in late stage of diagenesis. The Ca~(2+),Fe~(2+)and Mg~(2+)required of carbonate precipitation were mainly derived from the transformation of clay minerals. This research will play an important significance for further analysis of the diagenetic evolution in study area.
Carbonate cement is an important authigentic mineral in organic-rich shale of Longmaxi Formation,Sichuan Basin,but no further study has been conducted on its formation mechanisms currently. The shales of A and B wells in Longmaxi Formation are taken as a research object,southwestern part of Sichuan Basin. Based on analysis of X-diffraction,scanning electron microscope,combined with carbon and oxygen isotopes,formation mechanisms of carbonate minerals were revealed. The results show that the authigentic carbonate minerals were mainly affected by atmospheric fresh water. The average of δ~(13)C of calcite in well A is -1. 14‰ and the δ~(18)O is -12. 63‰,the average of δ~(13)C of calcite in well B is -2. 40‰ and the δ~(18)O is -12. 84‰,the oxygen isotope showed that calcite in both wells was mainly formed in the early diagenetic B stage; The average of δ~(13)C of dolomite in well A is -1. 84‰ and the δ~(18)O is -7. 56‰,its formation was mainly affected by sulfate reduction in early diagenesis stage and precipitated berore calcite; The average of δ~(13)C of dolomite in well B is -4. 48‰ and the δ~(18)O is -11. 12‰,its formation was mainly affected by organic decarboxylation in the middle diagenetic A stage; Ankerites were formed in late stage of diagenesis. The Ca~(2+),Fe~(2+)and Mg~(2+)required of carbonate precipitation were mainly derived from the transformation of clay minerals. This research will play an important significance for further analysis of the diagenetic evolution in study area.
引文
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6 Irwin H,Curtis C,Coleman M.Isotopic evidence for source of diagenetic carbonates formed during burial of organic-rich sediments[J].Nature,1977,269(5625):209-213
7张秀莲.碳酸盐岩中氧、碳稳定同位素与古盐度、古水温的关系[J].沉积学报,1985,3(4):17-30Zhang Xiulian.Relationship between carbon and oxygen stable isotope in carbonare rocks and paleosalinty and paleotemperature of seawater[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,1985,3(4):17-30
8 Epstein S,Buchsbaum R,Lowenstam H A,et al.Revised carboonate-water isotopic temperature scale[J].Geological Society of America Bulletin,1953,64(11):1315-1326
9钟金银,何苗,周韬,等.鄂尔多斯盆地东南缘长8油层组碳酸盐胶结物成因分析[J].岩性油气藏,2011,23(4):65-69Zhong Jinyin,He Miao,Zhou Tao,et al.Origin analysis of carbonate cements in Chang 8 reservoir in southeastern margin of Ordos Basin[J].Lithologic Reservoirs,2011,23(4):65-69
10姜在兴,梁超,吴靖,等.含油气细粒沉积岩研究的几个问题[J].石油学报,2013,34(6):1031-1039Jiang Zaixing,Liang Chao,Wu Jing,et al.Several issues in sedimentological studies on hydrocarbon-bearing fine-grained sedimentary rocks[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2013,34(6):1031-1039
11王玉满,董大忠,李建忠,等.川南下志留统龙马溪组页岩气储层特征[J].石油学报,2012,33(4):551-561Wang Yuman,Dong Dazhong,Li Jianzhong,et al.Reservoir characteristics of shale gas in Longmaxi Formation of the Lower Silurian,southern Sichuan[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2012,33(4):551-561
12潘涛,杨宝刚,高铁成,等.海相页岩有利储集条件分析---以四川盆地长宁区块龙马溪组为例[J].科学技术与工程,2016,16(20):37-46Pan Tao,Yang Baogang,Gao Tiecheng,et al.The analysis for Sichuan Basin Changning block Longmaxi shale reservoirs favorable conditions[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2016,16(20):37-46
13邓庆杰,胡明毅.上扬子地区下志留统龙马溪组页岩气成藏条件及有利区预测[J].科学技术与工程,2014,14(17):40-47Deng Qingjie,Hu Mingyi.Reservoir forming conditions and favorable exploration zones of shale gas in Longmaxi Formation of lower Silurian,the upper Yangtze Region[J].Science Technology and engineering,2014,14(17):40-47
14金之钧,胡宗全,高波,等.川东南地区五峰组-龙马溪组页岩气富集与高产控制因素[J].地学前缘,2016,23(1):1-10Jin Zhijun,Hu Zongquan,Gao Bo,et al.Controlling factors on the enrichment and high productivity of shale gas in the Wufeng-Longmaxi Formations,Southeastern Sichuan Basin[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2016,23(1):1-10
15黄誉,李治平.川南地区五峰-龙马溪组页岩储层微观储集空间特征[J].科学技术与工程,2018,18(19):195-202Huang Yu,Li Zhiping.The microscopic reservoir characterization of Wufeng-Longmaxi shales in the Southern Sichuan Basin[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2018,18(19):195-202
16朱汉卿,贾爱林,位云生,等.蜀南地区五峰-龙马溪组页岩微观孔隙结构及分形特征[J].科学技术与工程,2018,18(10):12-19Zhu Hanqing,Jia Ailin,Wei Yunsheng,et al.Microscopic pore structure and fractal characteristics of Wufeng-Longmaxi Shale,South Sichuan[J].Sicence Technology and Engineering,2018,18(10):12-19
17王朋飞,金璨,吕鹏,等.海相页岩优势储集相划分---以重庆周缘下志留统龙马溪组和下寒武统牛蹄塘组页岩为例[J].科学技术与工程,2018,18(35):7-17Wang Pengfei,Jin Can,LüPeng,et al.Division of favorable reservoir facies of marine shale:taking Lower Silurian Longmaxi and Lower Cambrian Niutitang Shale as example in Chongqing Periphery[J].Sicence Technology and Engineering,2018,18(35):7-17
18刘洪,陈乔,王森,等.渝东南下志留统龙马溪组页岩矿物成分及脆性特征实验研究[J].科学技术与工程,2013,13(29):8567-8571Liu Hong,Chen Qiao,Wang Sen,et al.Experimental study of mineral composition and brittle characteristics in Longmaxi Formation of lower Silurian,Southeast Chongqing[J].Sicence Technology and Engineering,2013,13(29):8567-8571
19 Al-Aasm I S,Taylor B E,South B.Stable isotope analysis of multiple carbonate samples using selective acid extraction[J].Chemical Geology,1990,80(2):119-125
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