辽宁红透山铜锌矿围岩黑云斜长角闪岩锆石U-Pb定年及其块状硫化物指示意义
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摘要
红透山铜锌矿是中国东北典型的与海相火山岩有关的块状硫化物(VMS)矿床。通过不同的研究手段反演其成岩及构造热活动的历史,探讨成矿作用过程是红透山矿床研究的重要问题之一。通过对红透山赋矿围岩——黑云斜长角闪岩中锆石的研究,探讨红透山铜锌矿的成矿过程,揭示其地质意义。黑云斜长角闪岩中的锆石主要为粒状,在黑云斜长角闪岩母岩——钙碱性玄武岩喷发过程中形成。结果表明:锆石的形成年龄约为2 500Ma,代表了红透山铜锌矿初始的成矿时代;红透山矿床最初形成于该时期的弧后盆地环境,矿床形成不久随即发生了鞍山运动的古海洋闭合、陆陆碰撞及同期碰撞花岗岩的侵入;该期的构造热蚀变可能就是红透山富矿柱形成的原因。基于对红透山矿床的形成时代和环境的新认识,建议"红透山式"矿床勘查方向应该注重以下2点:该类矿床应该产出于晚太古代末期形成的绿岩带中的双峰式火山岩中;VMS富矿应该分布在鞍山运动古海洋闭合及陆陆碰撞带中。
Hongtoushan Cu-Zn deposit is a typical VMS deposit in Northeast China.To reconstruct the history of the diagenesis and tectonic thermal activities of the area and to investigate the process of the metallogenesis by different approaches are vital to the studies of the deposit.The zircons from biotite-bearing plagioclase ampibolite,a typical host rock of Hongtoushan deposit,were studied to discuss the process of the mineralization of the deposit.The zircons are granular in shape and were formed during the emplacement of the calc-alkaline basalt of the area,the parental rock of the plagioclase ampibolite under this study.According to the results of the analyses in the paper,the zircons were formed at 2 500 Ma which represents the age of the Hongtoushan deposit.The deposit was suggested to be formed in a back-arc basin shortly after Anshan movement during which ancient oceanic plates disappeared,continents collided,and granite emplaced.The related thermal activities were responsible for the high grade copper ore pillars in the deposit.Considering the ore-forming processes and the mechanism of the deposit,more attention should be paid to the following two aspects during the exploration of the copper deposit: 1) this type of deposit is hosted in the bimodal volcanic rocks of the greenstone belt;2) the high grade VMS ores should be localized in the collision belt of continents of the Anshan movement.
Hongtoushan Cu-Zn deposit is a typical VMS deposit in Northeast China.To reconstruct the history of the diagenesis and tectonic thermal activities of the area and to investigate the process of the metallogenesis by different approaches are vital to the studies of the deposit.The zircons from biotite-bearing plagioclase ampibolite,a typical host rock of Hongtoushan deposit,were studied to discuss the process of the mineralization of the deposit.The zircons are granular in shape and were formed during the emplacement of the calc-alkaline basalt of the area,the parental rock of the plagioclase ampibolite under this study.According to the results of the analyses in the paper,the zircons were formed at 2 500 Ma which represents the age of the Hongtoushan deposit.The deposit was suggested to be formed in a back-arc basin shortly after Anshan movement during which ancient oceanic plates disappeared,continents collided,and granite emplaced.The related thermal activities were responsible for the high grade copper ore pillars in the deposit.Considering the ore-forming processes and the mechanism of the deposit,more attention should be paid to the following two aspects during the exploration of the copper deposit: 1) this type of deposit is hosted in the bimodal volcanic rocks of the greenstone belt;2) the high grade VMS ores should be localized in the collision belt of continents of the Anshan movement.
引文
[1]陈路,刘连登.中国红透山太古宙块状硫化物矿床集中区地质[J].长春地质学院学报,1982,12(增刊):123-144.Chen Lu,Liu Liandeng.Geology of the ArcheanMassive Sulfide Ores Province in Northern Liaoning,China[J].Journal of Changchun University of EarthSciences,1982,12(Sup.):123-144.
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[3]顾连兴,汤晓茜,吴昌志,等.辽宁红透山块状硫化物矿床糜棱岩铜-金富集机制[J].地学前缘,2004,11(2):339-351.Gu Lianxing,Tang Xiaoqian,Wu Changzhi,et al.Mechanisms of Cu-Au Enrichment in Ore Mylonites ofthe Hongtoushan Massive Sulphide Deposit,LiaoningNE China[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2004,11(2):339-351.
[4]顾连兴,汤晓茜,郑远川,等.辽宁红透山铜锌块状硫化物矿床的变质变形和成矿组分再活化[J].岩石学报,2004,20(4):923-934.Gu Lianxing,Tang Xiaoqian,Zheng Yuanchuan,etal.Deformation,Metamorphism and Ore-ComponentRemobilization of the Archean Massive SulphideDeposit at Hongtoushan,Liaoning Province[J].ActaPetrologica Sinica,2004,20(4):923-934.
[5]于凤金,王恩德.红透山式块状硫化物铜锌矿床古火山环境及与成矿关系研究[J].矿产与地质,2005,19(1):12-15.Yu Fengjin,Wang Ende.Massive Sulfide Copper-ZincDeposit of Hongtoushan Type:Study of the Correlationof Paleovolcanic Environment with Metallogeny[J].Mineral Resource and Geology,2005,19(1):12-15.
[6]Zhai Mingguo,Guo Jinghui,Liu Wenjun.Neoarcheanto Paleoproterozoic Continental Evolution and TectonicHistory of the North China Craton:A Review[J].Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,2005,24:547-561.
[7]Gu Lianxing,Zheng Yuanchuan,Tang Xiaoqian,et al.Copper,Gold and Silver Enrichment in Ore MylonitesWithin Massive Sulphide Orebodies at HongtoushanVHMS Deposit,NE China[J].Ore Geology Reviews,2007,30:1-29.
[8]伍勤生.红透山—树基沟变质铜矿床的年代学研究[J].冶金工业部地质研究所所报,1982(1):153-156.Wu Qinsheng.Studies on Chronology ofHongtoushan-Shujigou Metamorphic Copper Deposit[J].Journal of the Institute of Geology,Ministry ofMetallurgical Industry,1982(1):153-156.
[9]王松山,胡世玲,翟明国,等.应用40Ar/39Ar定年技术研究清源花岗岩-绿岩地体的形成时代[J].岩石学报,1987,4(4):55-62.Wang Songshan,Hu Shiling,Zhai Mingguo,et al.AnApplication of the 40 Ar/39 Ar Dating Technique to theFormation Time of Qingyuan Granite-GreenstoneTerrain in NE China[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,1987,4(4):55-62.
[10]邓功全.辽北—吉南太古宙地体有色金属矿床[M]//芮宗尧,施林道,方如恒,等.华北陆块北缘及邻区有色金属矿床地质.北京:地质出版社,1994.Deng Gongquan.Archean Terrain Nonferrous MetalDeposits in North Liaoning-South Jilin[M]//RuiZongyao,Shi Lindao,Fang Ruheng,et al.Geologyof Nonferrous Metallic Deposits in the NorthernMargin of the North China Landmass and ItsAdjacent Area.Beijing:Geological PublishingHouse,1994.
[11]李俊健,沈宝丰,李双宝,等.清源—夹皮沟绿岩带地质及金的成矿作用[M].天津:天津科学技术出版社,1995.Li Junjian,Shen Baofeng,Li Shuangbao,et al.TheGeology and Gold Mineralization of the GreenstoneBelts in Qingyuan-Jiapigou Region,China[M].Tianjin:Tianjin Science and Technology Press,1995.
[12]顾连兴,肖新建,倪培,等.辽宁红透山块状硫化物矿床中沉积雌黄铁矿的变质和流体作用[J].地质论评,2001,47(2):188-193.Gu Lianxing,Xiao Xinjian,Ni Pei,et al.Metamorphism of Sedimentary Pyrrhotite and FluidEffect in the Hongtoushan Massiver SulphideDeposit,Liaoning Province[J].Geological Review,2001,47(2):188-193.
[13]方如恒.辽北太古宙块状硫化物矿床[J].辽宁地质,1992(1):1-25.Fang Ruheng.Massive Sulphide Deposits ofArchaeozoic in North Liaoning[J].LiaoningGeology,1992(1):1-25.
[14]戴新义,刘建民,陈洪江.华北地台北缘东段晚太古—早元古宙地质特征[J].吉林地质,1986(3):11-21.Dai Xinyi,Liu Jianmin,Chen Hongjiang.TheGeological Features of the Late Archean-EarlyProterozoic in the East Section of the Northern Edgeof the North China Platform[J].Jilin Geology,1986(3):11-21.
[15]游振东,王方正.变质岩岩石学教程[M].武汉:中国地质大学出版社,1988.You Zhendong,Wang Fangzheng.A Textbook ofMetamorphic Petrology[M].Wuhan:ChinaUniversity of Geoscience Press,1988.
[16]侯可军,李延河,田有荣.LA-MC-ICP-MS锆石微区原位U-Pb定年技术[J].矿床地质,2009,28(4):481-492.Hou Kejun,Li Yanhe,Tian Yourong.In Situ U-PbZircon Dating Using Laser Ablation-Multi IonCouting-ICP-MS[J].Mineral Deposits,2009,28(4):481-492.
[17]吴元宝,郑永飞.锆石成因矿物学研究及其对U-Pb年龄解释的制约[J].科学通报,2004,49(16):17-32.Wu Yuanbao,Zheng Yongfei.Study on ZirconGenetic Mineralogy and Its Constraints on theInterpretation of Zircon U-Pb Data[J].ChineseScience Bulletin,2004,49(16):17-32.
[18]周建雄,陈振宇.电子探针下锆石阴极发光的研究[M].成都:电子科技大学出版社,2007.Zhou Jianxiong,Chen Zhenyu.Study onCathodoluminescence of Zircon by Electron Probe[M].Chengdu:University of Electronic Science andTechnology of China Press,2007.
[19]郑远川,顾连兴,汤晓茜,等.辽宁红透山块状硫化物矿床蚀变带元素迁移特征及定量计算[J].矿床地质,2010,29(5):786-809.Zheng Yuanchuan,Gu Lianxing,Tang Xiaoqian,etal.Element Mobilization and Mass-ChangeQuantification of Highly Metamorphosed FootwallAlteration Zones in Hongtoushan VolcanogenicMassive Sulfide Deposit,Liaoning Province[J].Mineral Deposits,2010,29(5):786-809.
[20]赵印香,崔文元.辽宁清源地区太古代变质杂岩的矿物学和结晶温压条件[J].长春地质学院学报,1987,17(增刊):191-204.Zhao Yinxiang,Cui Wenyuan.Mineralogy and P-TConditions of Crystallization of ArchaeanMetamorphic Complex from Qingyuan District,Liaoning Province[J].Journal of ChangchunUniversity of Earth Sciences,1987,17(Sup.):191-204.
[21]Zhai M G,Santosh M.The Early PrecambrianOdyssey of North China Craton:A SynopticOverview[J].Gondwana Research,2011,20(1):1-5.
[22]杨振升,俞宝祥.辽宁北部红透山地区太古宙绿岩带的多期变形[J].长春地质学院学报,1984,14(1):20-35.Yang Zhensheng,Yu Baoxiang.Poly-Deformation ofthe Archaean Greenstone Belt in the HongtoushanArea Northern Liaoning Province[J].Journal ofChangchun University of Earth Sciences,1984,14(1):20-35.
[23]沙德铭,赵东方,张森,等.辽宁“红透山式”铜矿构造变形特点及其控矿作用属性[J].地质与资源,2007,16(3):167-172.Sha Deming,Zhao Dongfang,Zhang Sen,et al.Structureal Deformation and Its Ore-Control of the‘Hongtoushan Type’of Copper Deposit in LiaoningProvince,China[J].Geology and Resources,2007,16(3):167-172.
[2]张秋生,李守义,刘连登.中国早前寒武纪地质及成矿作用[M].长春:吉林人民出版社,1984.Zhang Qiusheng,Li Shouyi,Liu Liandeng.Geologyand Metallogeny of the Early Precambrian in China[M].Changchun:Jilin People’s Publishing House,1984.
[3]顾连兴,汤晓茜,吴昌志,等.辽宁红透山块状硫化物矿床糜棱岩铜-金富集机制[J].地学前缘,2004,11(2):339-351.Gu Lianxing,Tang Xiaoqian,Wu Changzhi,et al.Mechanisms of Cu-Au Enrichment in Ore Mylonites ofthe Hongtoushan Massive Sulphide Deposit,LiaoningNE China[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2004,11(2):339-351.
[4]顾连兴,汤晓茜,郑远川,等.辽宁红透山铜锌块状硫化物矿床的变质变形和成矿组分再活化[J].岩石学报,2004,20(4):923-934.Gu Lianxing,Tang Xiaoqian,Zheng Yuanchuan,etal.Deformation,Metamorphism and Ore-ComponentRemobilization of the Archean Massive SulphideDeposit at Hongtoushan,Liaoning Province[J].ActaPetrologica Sinica,2004,20(4):923-934.
[5]于凤金,王恩德.红透山式块状硫化物铜锌矿床古火山环境及与成矿关系研究[J].矿产与地质,2005,19(1):12-15.Yu Fengjin,Wang Ende.Massive Sulfide Copper-ZincDeposit of Hongtoushan Type:Study of the Correlationof Paleovolcanic Environment with Metallogeny[J].Mineral Resource and Geology,2005,19(1):12-15.
[6]Zhai Mingguo,Guo Jinghui,Liu Wenjun.Neoarcheanto Paleoproterozoic Continental Evolution and TectonicHistory of the North China Craton:A Review[J].Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,2005,24:547-561.
[7]Gu Lianxing,Zheng Yuanchuan,Tang Xiaoqian,et al.Copper,Gold and Silver Enrichment in Ore MylonitesWithin Massive Sulphide Orebodies at HongtoushanVHMS Deposit,NE China[J].Ore Geology Reviews,2007,30:1-29.
[8]伍勤生.红透山—树基沟变质铜矿床的年代学研究[J].冶金工业部地质研究所所报,1982(1):153-156.Wu Qinsheng.Studies on Chronology ofHongtoushan-Shujigou Metamorphic Copper Deposit[J].Journal of the Institute of Geology,Ministry ofMetallurgical Industry,1982(1):153-156.
[9]王松山,胡世玲,翟明国,等.应用40Ar/39Ar定年技术研究清源花岗岩-绿岩地体的形成时代[J].岩石学报,1987,4(4):55-62.Wang Songshan,Hu Shiling,Zhai Mingguo,et al.AnApplication of the 40 Ar/39 Ar Dating Technique to theFormation Time of Qingyuan Granite-GreenstoneTerrain in NE China[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,1987,4(4):55-62.
[10]邓功全.辽北—吉南太古宙地体有色金属矿床[M]//芮宗尧,施林道,方如恒,等.华北陆块北缘及邻区有色金属矿床地质.北京:地质出版社,1994.Deng Gongquan.Archean Terrain Nonferrous MetalDeposits in North Liaoning-South Jilin[M]//RuiZongyao,Shi Lindao,Fang Ruheng,et al.Geologyof Nonferrous Metallic Deposits in the NorthernMargin of the North China Landmass and ItsAdjacent Area.Beijing:Geological PublishingHouse,1994.
[11]李俊健,沈宝丰,李双宝,等.清源—夹皮沟绿岩带地质及金的成矿作用[M].天津:天津科学技术出版社,1995.Li Junjian,Shen Baofeng,Li Shuangbao,et al.TheGeology and Gold Mineralization of the GreenstoneBelts in Qingyuan-Jiapigou Region,China[M].Tianjin:Tianjin Science and Technology Press,1995.
[12]顾连兴,肖新建,倪培,等.辽宁红透山块状硫化物矿床中沉积雌黄铁矿的变质和流体作用[J].地质论评,2001,47(2):188-193.Gu Lianxing,Xiao Xinjian,Ni Pei,et al.Metamorphism of Sedimentary Pyrrhotite and FluidEffect in the Hongtoushan Massiver SulphideDeposit,Liaoning Province[J].Geological Review,2001,47(2):188-193.
[13]方如恒.辽北太古宙块状硫化物矿床[J].辽宁地质,1992(1):1-25.Fang Ruheng.Massive Sulphide Deposits ofArchaeozoic in North Liaoning[J].LiaoningGeology,1992(1):1-25.
[14]戴新义,刘建民,陈洪江.华北地台北缘东段晚太古—早元古宙地质特征[J].吉林地质,1986(3):11-21.Dai Xinyi,Liu Jianmin,Chen Hongjiang.TheGeological Features of the Late Archean-EarlyProterozoic in the East Section of the Northern Edgeof the North China Platform[J].Jilin Geology,1986(3):11-21.
[15]游振东,王方正.变质岩岩石学教程[M].武汉:中国地质大学出版社,1988.You Zhendong,Wang Fangzheng.A Textbook ofMetamorphic Petrology[M].Wuhan:ChinaUniversity of Geoscience Press,1988.
[16]侯可军,李延河,田有荣.LA-MC-ICP-MS锆石微区原位U-Pb定年技术[J].矿床地质,2009,28(4):481-492.Hou Kejun,Li Yanhe,Tian Yourong.In Situ U-PbZircon Dating Using Laser Ablation-Multi IonCouting-ICP-MS[J].Mineral Deposits,2009,28(4):481-492.
[17]吴元宝,郑永飞.锆石成因矿物学研究及其对U-Pb年龄解释的制约[J].科学通报,2004,49(16):17-32.Wu Yuanbao,Zheng Yongfei.Study on ZirconGenetic Mineralogy and Its Constraints on theInterpretation of Zircon U-Pb Data[J].ChineseScience Bulletin,2004,49(16):17-32.
[18]周建雄,陈振宇.电子探针下锆石阴极发光的研究[M].成都:电子科技大学出版社,2007.Zhou Jianxiong,Chen Zhenyu.Study onCathodoluminescence of Zircon by Electron Probe[M].Chengdu:University of Electronic Science andTechnology of China Press,2007.
[19]郑远川,顾连兴,汤晓茜,等.辽宁红透山块状硫化物矿床蚀变带元素迁移特征及定量计算[J].矿床地质,2010,29(5):786-809.Zheng Yuanchuan,Gu Lianxing,Tang Xiaoqian,etal.Element Mobilization and Mass-ChangeQuantification of Highly Metamorphosed FootwallAlteration Zones in Hongtoushan VolcanogenicMassive Sulfide Deposit,Liaoning Province[J].Mineral Deposits,2010,29(5):786-809.
[20]赵印香,崔文元.辽宁清源地区太古代变质杂岩的矿物学和结晶温压条件[J].长春地质学院学报,1987,17(增刊):191-204.Zhao Yinxiang,Cui Wenyuan.Mineralogy and P-TConditions of Crystallization of ArchaeanMetamorphic Complex from Qingyuan District,Liaoning Province[J].Journal of ChangchunUniversity of Earth Sciences,1987,17(Sup.):191-204.
[21]Zhai M G,Santosh M.The Early PrecambrianOdyssey of North China Craton:A SynopticOverview[J].Gondwana Research,2011,20(1):1-5.
[22]杨振升,俞宝祥.辽宁北部红透山地区太古宙绿岩带的多期变形[J].长春地质学院学报,1984,14(1):20-35.Yang Zhensheng,Yu Baoxiang.Poly-Deformation ofthe Archaean Greenstone Belt in the HongtoushanArea Northern Liaoning Province[J].Journal ofChangchun University of Earth Sciences,1984,14(1):20-35.
[23]沙德铭,赵东方,张森,等.辽宁“红透山式”铜矿构造变形特点及其控矿作用属性[J].地质与资源,2007,16(3):167-172.Sha Deming,Zhao Dongfang,Zhang Sen,et al.Structureal Deformation and Its Ore-Control of the‘Hongtoushan Type’of Copper Deposit in LiaoningProvince,China[J].Geology and Resources,2007,16(3):167-172.