水氮耦合对河西绿洲娃娃菜生长与生理生化指标的影响
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摘要
以娃娃菜的品种"春宝黃"为材料,采用双因素随机区组设计,研究了不同水氮用量处理(水分处理:充分灌溉A1,轻度亏水A2,中度亏水A3;氮肥处理:经验施氮量N1,优化施氮量N2,零施氮量N3)对娃娃菜生长与生理生化指标的影响。结果表明:处理A1N2的娃娃菜植株,在外叶数、球叶数、横茎、纵径、生物学产量和经济产量等形态性状指标上表现最优,其值分别为7.37片、39.73片、15.48 cm、28.92 cm、208.99 t/hm~2和64.12 t/hm~2;同时,叶片丙二醛(MDA)含量最低为1.15μmol/g;其根系活力最强,过氧化物酶(POD)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)的活性最高,分别为269.8μg/(g·h)、515 U/(g·min)和418 U/g。各处理对娃娃菜生物学产量、经济产量、根系活力、POD和SOD高低影响的大小顺序均为:A1N2>A2N2>A3N2>A1N1>A2N1>A3N1>A1N3>A2N3>A3N3。
Using the variety "Chunbao Huang" of baby Chinese cabbage as material, the effects of different water and nitrogen treatments on the growth and physiological and biochemical indexes of cabbage were studied. The results showed that the cabbage under A1N2 treatment was the best in the morphological traits including number of outer leaves, number of leaflets,transverse stem, vertical diameter, biological yield and economic yield, and the values were 7.37, 39.73, 15.48 cm, 28.92 cm and208.99 t/hm~2 and 64.12 t/hm~2, respectively. At the same time, the content of MDA in the leaves was 1.15 μmol/g, the root activity was the strongest, the activities of peroxidase(POD) and superoxide dismutase(SOD) were the highest, 269.8 μg/(g·h), 515 U/(g·min) and 418 U/g, respectively. The effects of the treatments on biological yield, economic yield, root activity, POD and SOD were in the order of A1N2> A2N2> A3N2> A1N1> A2N1> A3N1> A1N3> A2N3> A3N3
Using the variety "Chunbao Huang" of baby Chinese cabbage as material, the effects of different water and nitrogen treatments on the growth and physiological and biochemical indexes of cabbage were studied. The results showed that the cabbage under A1N2 treatment was the best in the morphological traits including number of outer leaves, number of leaflets,transverse stem, vertical diameter, biological yield and economic yield, and the values were 7.37, 39.73, 15.48 cm, 28.92 cm and208.99 t/hm~2 and 64.12 t/hm~2, respectively. At the same time, the content of MDA in the leaves was 1.15 μmol/g, the root activity was the strongest, the activities of peroxidase(POD) and superoxide dismutase(SOD) were the highest, 269.8 μg/(g·h), 515 U/(g·min) and 418 U/g, respectively. The effects of the treatments on biological yield, economic yield, root activity, POD and SOD were in the order of A1N2> A2N2> A3N2> A1N1> A2N1> A3N1> A1N3> A2N3> A3N3
引文
[1]吴子孝,陈修斌,许耀照,等.水肥耦合对河西绿洲娃娃菜生理特性及产量影响[J].土壤与作物,2016,5(3):135-140
[2]李银坤,武雪萍,吴会军,等.水氮条件对温室黄瓜光合日变化及产量的影响[J].农业工程学报,2010,26(增刊1):122-129
[3]焦娟玉,尹春英,陈珂.土壤水、氮供应对麻疯树幼苗光合特性的影响[J].植物生态学报,2011,35(1):91-99
[4]徐俊增,彭世彰,魏征,等.不同供氮水平及水分调控条件下水稻光合作用光响应特征[J].农业工程学报,2012,28(2):72-76
[5]Papastylianou I.Yield components in relation to grain yield losses of barley fertilized with nitrogen[J].European Journal of Agronomy,1995,4(1):55-63
[6]张文元,郭晓敏,涂淑萍,等.水肥对高产无性系油茶果实产量的影响[J].土壤学报,2015,52(4):768-775
[7]Guerin V,Huche-Thelier L,Charpentier S.Mobilisation of nutrients and transport via thexylem sap in a shrub(ligustrum ovalifolium)during spring growth N and Ccompounds and interactions[J].Journal of Plant Physiology,2007,164(5):562-573
[8]孔东,晏云,段艳,等.不同水氮处理对冬小麦生长及产量影响的田间试验[J].农业工程学报,2008,24(12):36-40
[9]张林,徐富贤,熊洪,等.水氮管理对优质杂交中稻旌优127产量及氮肥利用率的影响[J].土壤,2017,49(4):679-684
[10]陈修斌,李翊华,许耀照,等.温室番茄对水肥耦合的光合特性及叶绿素荧光参数响应[J].土壤通报,2015,46(3):519-525
[11]郭艳红,张凯,陈延昭,等.水氮耦合对黑河中游加工番茄产量和品质的影响[J].甘肃农业大学学报,2014,49(1):65-69
[12]杨彬,陈修斌,钟玉风,等.水氮互作对黑河中游娃娃菜光合特性与水氮利用的影响[J].土壤通报,2017,48(1):162-168
[13]高丽,李红岭,王铁臣,等.水氮耦合对日光温室黄瓜根系生长的影响[J].农业工程学报,2012,28(8):58-64
[14]韦泽秀,梁银丽,周茂娟,等.水肥组合对日光温室黄瓜叶片生长和产量的影响[J].农业工程学报,2010,26(3):69-74
[15]高俊凤.植物生理学实验指导[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2006:67-85
[16]李合生.植物生理生化实验原理和技术[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2000
[17]吴雅薇,李强,豆攀,等.低氮胁迫对不同耐低氮玉米品种苗期伤流液性状及根系活力的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2017,23(2):278-288
[18]Cabello M J,Castellanos M T,Romojaro F,et al.Yield and quality of melon grown under different irrigation and nitrogen rates[J].Agricultural Water Management,2009,96(5):866-874
[19]王耀晶,王厚鑫,刘鸣达.盐胁迫下硅对草地早熟禾生理特性的影响[J].中国草地学报,2012(6):13-17
[20]Wolfe D W,Henderson D W,Hsiao T C,et al.Interactive water and nitrogen effects on senescence of maize.I.leaf area duration,nitrogen distribution,and yield[J].American Society of Agronomy,1988,80:859-864
[21]Bennett J M,Mutti L S M,Rao P S C.Interactive effects of nitrogen and water stresses on biomass accumulation,nitrogen uptake,and seed yield of maize[J].Field Crops Research,1989,19(4):297-311
[22]郑飞雪,魏民,牟同水.NaCl胁迫对羽衣甘蓝生理生化指标的影响[J].北方园艺,2010(17):42-44
[23]顾华杰,叶亚新,金琎,等.La~(3+)对低温胁迫冬小麦幼苗抗氧化酶活性的影响[J].安徽农业科学,2009(21):9914-9916,9960
[24]高青海,王亚坤,陆晓民,等.硅对铵态氮胁迫下黄瓜幼苗生理特性的影响[J].应用生态学报,2014,25(5):1395-1400
[25]Li X H,Mehta S K,Liu Z P.Effect of NO3--N enrichment on seawater stress tolerance of Jerusalem Artichoke(Helianthus tuberoses)[J].Pedosphere,2008,18:113-123
[26]汪德水.旱地农田肥水关系原理与调控技术[M].北京:中国农业科技出版社,1995:195-203
[27]杜少平,马忠明,薛亮,等.旱砂田补灌水氮互作对西瓜产量、品质及水氮利用的影响[J].应用生态学报,2015,26(12):3715-3722
[2]李银坤,武雪萍,吴会军,等.水氮条件对温室黄瓜光合日变化及产量的影响[J].农业工程学报,2010,26(增刊1):122-129
[3]焦娟玉,尹春英,陈珂.土壤水、氮供应对麻疯树幼苗光合特性的影响[J].植物生态学报,2011,35(1):91-99
[4]徐俊增,彭世彰,魏征,等.不同供氮水平及水分调控条件下水稻光合作用光响应特征[J].农业工程学报,2012,28(2):72-76
[5]Papastylianou I.Yield components in relation to grain yield losses of barley fertilized with nitrogen[J].European Journal of Agronomy,1995,4(1):55-63
[6]张文元,郭晓敏,涂淑萍,等.水肥对高产无性系油茶果实产量的影响[J].土壤学报,2015,52(4):768-775
[7]Guerin V,Huche-Thelier L,Charpentier S.Mobilisation of nutrients and transport via thexylem sap in a shrub(ligustrum ovalifolium)during spring growth N and Ccompounds and interactions[J].Journal of Plant Physiology,2007,164(5):562-573
[8]孔东,晏云,段艳,等.不同水氮处理对冬小麦生长及产量影响的田间试验[J].农业工程学报,2008,24(12):36-40
[9]张林,徐富贤,熊洪,等.水氮管理对优质杂交中稻旌优127产量及氮肥利用率的影响[J].土壤,2017,49(4):679-684
[10]陈修斌,李翊华,许耀照,等.温室番茄对水肥耦合的光合特性及叶绿素荧光参数响应[J].土壤通报,2015,46(3):519-525
[11]郭艳红,张凯,陈延昭,等.水氮耦合对黑河中游加工番茄产量和品质的影响[J].甘肃农业大学学报,2014,49(1):65-69
[12]杨彬,陈修斌,钟玉风,等.水氮互作对黑河中游娃娃菜光合特性与水氮利用的影响[J].土壤通报,2017,48(1):162-168
[13]高丽,李红岭,王铁臣,等.水氮耦合对日光温室黄瓜根系生长的影响[J].农业工程学报,2012,28(8):58-64
[14]韦泽秀,梁银丽,周茂娟,等.水肥组合对日光温室黄瓜叶片生长和产量的影响[J].农业工程学报,2010,26(3):69-74
[15]高俊凤.植物生理学实验指导[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2006:67-85
[16]李合生.植物生理生化实验原理和技术[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2000
[17]吴雅薇,李强,豆攀,等.低氮胁迫对不同耐低氮玉米品种苗期伤流液性状及根系活力的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2017,23(2):278-288
[18]Cabello M J,Castellanos M T,Romojaro F,et al.Yield and quality of melon grown under different irrigation and nitrogen rates[J].Agricultural Water Management,2009,96(5):866-874
[19]王耀晶,王厚鑫,刘鸣达.盐胁迫下硅对草地早熟禾生理特性的影响[J].中国草地学报,2012(6):13-17
[20]Wolfe D W,Henderson D W,Hsiao T C,et al.Interactive water and nitrogen effects on senescence of maize.I.leaf area duration,nitrogen distribution,and yield[J].American Society of Agronomy,1988,80:859-864
[21]Bennett J M,Mutti L S M,Rao P S C.Interactive effects of nitrogen and water stresses on biomass accumulation,nitrogen uptake,and seed yield of maize[J].Field Crops Research,1989,19(4):297-311
[22]郑飞雪,魏民,牟同水.NaCl胁迫对羽衣甘蓝生理生化指标的影响[J].北方园艺,2010(17):42-44
[23]顾华杰,叶亚新,金琎,等.La~(3+)对低温胁迫冬小麦幼苗抗氧化酶活性的影响[J].安徽农业科学,2009(21):9914-9916,9960
[24]高青海,王亚坤,陆晓民,等.硅对铵态氮胁迫下黄瓜幼苗生理特性的影响[J].应用生态学报,2014,25(5):1395-1400
[25]Li X H,Mehta S K,Liu Z P.Effect of NO3--N enrichment on seawater stress tolerance of Jerusalem Artichoke(Helianthus tuberoses)[J].Pedosphere,2008,18:113-123
[26]汪德水.旱地农田肥水关系原理与调控技术[M].北京:中国农业科技出版社,1995:195-203
[27]杜少平,马忠明,薛亮,等.旱砂田补灌水氮互作对西瓜产量、品质及水氮利用的影响[J].应用生态学报,2015,26(12):3715-3722