基于FY-2F资料的新疆区域云系特征研究
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摘要
利用2014年1—12月FY-2F/CTA、FY-2F/CLC小时产品,采用平均值合成法,监测分析了新疆各区域的云系特征。结果表明:(1)新疆区域总云量年平均值为37.7%,其中,阿尔泰山山区云资源最为充沛,其次是昆仑山山区、准噶尔盆地、天山山区,而塔里木盆地最匮乏,各区域总云量年平均值依次为45.7%,40.0%,38.2%,37.9%及26.1%;天山以北区域(含天山山区)的云资源冬春季较为丰富,天山以南区域则春季较为丰富;新疆各区域总云量均白天较少,夜间相对较多,但塔里木盆地与之相反。(2)天山以北区域总云量呈北高南低、西高东低分布,天山以南区域则呈南高北低、西高东低分布。(3)三大山区主要以高层云或雨层云、卷层云为主,其中昆仑山山区的密卷云也较多,两大盆地则以层积云或高积云为主。新疆区域尤其是三大山区云的时空分布具有一定的地域性和稳定性,有利于开展人工增雨。
Cloud is the most important regulator of the radiation budget in the land-atmosphere system.Studying the characteristics of cloud is of great significance for understanding the complex interactions between clouds,radiation and climate.And cloud is an important parameter for the artificial-increasing water,it is also very important for the ability of judging precipitation.At present,cloud remote sensing research usually bases on the products of CloudSat,ISCCP,Aqua and so on,but there are few applications of Fengyun satellite cloud products.In particular,even fewer applications in the Xinjiang region.By utilizing FY-2 F/CTA,FY-2 F/CLC hour products from January to December in 2014,based on the mean synthesis method,we monitored and analyzed the cloud characteristics in Xinjiang region.The result showed that:(1) the average annual total cloud cover in Xinjiang was 37.7%,among them,Altai mountain cloud resources were the most abundant,followed by the Kunlun Mountains,Junggar Basin,Tianshan Mountains,and Tarim Basin is the most scarce,the average annual total cloud covers of above area were 45.7%,40.0%,38.2%,37.9% and 26.1%.The values of each area were focused on 40% ～50%,30% ～ 50%,30% ～ 40%,30% ～ 40% and 20% ～ 30% respectively,and the proportions within above interval were 50%,95%,50%,95% and 85%.The cloud resources of north Tianshan region(including Tianshan Mountains) in winter and spring was more abundant,and that of south Tianshan region was more abundant in spring;The total cloud cover in Xinjiang was less during the day and relatively more at night,But it was in contrast in Tarim Basin.(2) The total cloud cover in the north of Tianshan Mountains was high in north and east,low in south and west,and it was in contrast in south region of Tianshan Mountains.(3)Three Xinjiang major mountainous areas mainly were covered by high-level cloud,rain clouds,or volume clouds.Kunlun mountain area was with more dense clouds,Junggar Basin and Tarim Basin were mainly with layered clouds and high cumulus cloud.The spatial and temporal distribution of clouds in the Xinjiang region,especially the three mountainous areas,had a certain regional and stability,which was conducive to artificial rainfall.
Cloud is the most important regulator of the radiation budget in the land-atmosphere system.Studying the characteristics of cloud is of great significance for understanding the complex interactions between clouds,radiation and climate.And cloud is an important parameter for the artificial-increasing water,it is also very important for the ability of judging precipitation.At present,cloud remote sensing research usually bases on the products of CloudSat,ISCCP,Aqua and so on,but there are few applications of Fengyun satellite cloud products.In particular,even fewer applications in the Xinjiang region.By utilizing FY-2 F/CTA,FY-2 F/CLC hour products from January to December in 2014,based on the mean synthesis method,we monitored and analyzed the cloud characteristics in Xinjiang region.The result showed that:(1) the average annual total cloud cover in Xinjiang was 37.7%,among them,Altai mountain cloud resources were the most abundant,followed by the Kunlun Mountains,Junggar Basin,Tianshan Mountains,and Tarim Basin is the most scarce,the average annual total cloud covers of above area were 45.7%,40.0%,38.2%,37.9% and 26.1%.The values of each area were focused on 40% ～50%,30% ～ 50%,30% ～ 40%,30% ～ 40% and 20% ～ 30% respectively,and the proportions within above interval were 50%,95%,50%,95% and 85%.The cloud resources of north Tianshan region(including Tianshan Mountains) in winter and spring was more abundant,and that of south Tianshan region was more abundant in spring;The total cloud cover in Xinjiang was less during the day and relatively more at night,But it was in contrast in Tarim Basin.(2) The total cloud cover in the north of Tianshan Mountains was high in north and east,low in south and west,and it was in contrast in south region of Tianshan Mountains.(3)Three Xinjiang major mountainous areas mainly were covered by high-level cloud,rain clouds,or volume clouds.Kunlun mountain area was with more dense clouds,Junggar Basin and Tarim Basin were mainly with layered clouds and high cumulus cloud.The spatial and temporal distribution of clouds in the Xinjiang region,especially the three mountainous areas,had a certain regional and stability,which was conducive to artificial rainfall.
引文
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李娅,郭建侠,曹云昌,等,2018.FY-2G云量产品与地面观测云量对比分析[J].高原气象,37(2):514-523.DOI:10.7522/j.issn.1000-0534.2017.00027.
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刘岩,马骁骏,李浩,等,2015.基于CloudSat和Aqua卫星资料的北疆一次暴雪过程中云的宏微观物理属性[J].沙漠与绿洲气象,9(2):9-15.
普宗朝,张山清,2012.新疆水分亏缺量时空变化分析[J].冰川冻土,34(4):802-812.
阮悦,阮征,魏鸣,等,2018.基于C-FMCW雷达的高原夏季对流云垂直结构分析研究[J].高原气象,37(1):93-105.DOI:10.7522/j.issn.1000-0534.2017.00025.
王洪强,陈勇航,彭宽军,等,2011.基于Aqua卫星总云量资料分析山区云水资源[J].自然资源学报,26(1):89-96.
王帅辉,韩志刚,姚志刚,2010.基于CloudSat和ISCCP资料的中国及周边地区云量分布的对比分析[J].大气科学,34(4):767-779.
王艺,伯玥,王澄海,2016.青藏高原中东部云量变化与气温的不对称升高[J].高原气象,35(4):908-919.DOI:10.7522/j.issn.1000-0534.2015.00033.
位晶,段克勤,2018.基于卫星资料的秦岭南北云系及其垂直结构特征[J].高原气象,37(3):777-785.DOI:10.7522/j.issn.1000-0534.2018.00057.
吴伟,王式功,2011.中国北方云量变化趋势及其与区域气候的关系[J].高原气象,30(3):651-658.
薛小宁,邓小波,刘贵华,2018.基于卫星资料的青藏高原卷云特性研究[J].高原气象,37(2):505-513.DOI:10.7522/j.issn.1000-0534.2017.00047.
杨冰韵,吴晓京,郭徵,2017.基于CloudSat资料的中国地区深对流云物理特征研究[J].高原气象,36(6):1655-1664.DOI:10.7522/j.issn.1000-0534.2017.00006.
姚志刚,杨超,赵增亮,等,2018.毫米波雷达反演层状云液态水路径研究[J].高原气象,37(1):223-233.DOI:10.7522/j.issn.1000-0534.2016.00127.
张家宝,袁玉江,2002.试论新疆气候对水资源的影响[J].自然资源学报,17(1):28-34.
张萍,彭宽军,陈勇航,等,2011.新疆三大山区云的垂直分布特征初探[J].资源科学,33(11):2090-2098.
张学文,2002.云的含水量及其水循环[J].水科学进展,13(1):84-87.
周晓丽,胡列群,马丽云,等,2014.基于FY3A资料的天山山区暴雨云相态分析[J].干旱区地理,37(4):667-675.
Lindzen R S,Chou M D,Hou A Y,2001.Does the earth have an adaptive infrared iris?[J].Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society,82(3):417-432.
阿丽亚·拜都热拉,玉米提·哈力克,陈勇航,等,2013.基于低层云的新疆城市区域人工增水潜力分析[J].水土保持研究,20(3):278-282.
陈勇航,毛晓琴,黄建平,等,2009.西北典型地域条件云量的对比分析[J].气候与环境研究,14(1):78-79.
丁守国,石广玉,赵春生,2004.利用ISCCP D2资料分析近20年全球不同云类云量的变化及其对气候可能的影响[J].科学通报,49(11):1105-1111.
冯建东,武志婷,彭宽军,等,2014.基于CloudSat卫星资料的新疆三大山区不同类型云高特征研究[J].冰川冻土,36(2):310-317.
李娅,郭建侠,曹云昌,等,2018.FY-2G云量产品与地面观测云量对比分析[J].高原气象,37(2):514-523.DOI:10.7522/j.issn.1000-0534.2017.00027.
刘健,李云,2011.风云二号静止气象卫星的云相态识别算法[J].红外与毫米波学报,30(4):322-327.
刘健,杨晓峰,崔鹏,2016.NOAA卫星2007年总云量数据精度评估[J].高原气象,35(4):1027-1038.DOI:10.7522/j.issn.1000-0534.2015.00029.
刘岩,马骁骏,李浩,等,2015.基于CloudSat和Aqua卫星资料的北疆一次暴雪过程中云的宏微观物理属性[J].沙漠与绿洲气象,9(2):9-15.
普宗朝,张山清,2012.新疆水分亏缺量时空变化分析[J].冰川冻土,34(4):802-812.
阮悦,阮征,魏鸣,等,2018.基于C-FMCW雷达的高原夏季对流云垂直结构分析研究[J].高原气象,37(1):93-105.DOI:10.7522/j.issn.1000-0534.2017.00025.
王洪强,陈勇航,彭宽军,等,2011.基于Aqua卫星总云量资料分析山区云水资源[J].自然资源学报,26(1):89-96.
王帅辉,韩志刚,姚志刚,2010.基于CloudSat和ISCCP资料的中国及周边地区云量分布的对比分析[J].大气科学,34(4):767-779.
王艺,伯玥,王澄海,2016.青藏高原中东部云量变化与气温的不对称升高[J].高原气象,35(4):908-919.DOI:10.7522/j.issn.1000-0534.2015.00033.
位晶,段克勤,2018.基于卫星资料的秦岭南北云系及其垂直结构特征[J].高原气象,37(3):777-785.DOI:10.7522/j.issn.1000-0534.2018.00057.
吴伟,王式功,2011.中国北方云量变化趋势及其与区域气候的关系[J].高原气象,30(3):651-658.
薛小宁,邓小波,刘贵华,2018.基于卫星资料的青藏高原卷云特性研究[J].高原气象,37(2):505-513.DOI:10.7522/j.issn.1000-0534.2017.00047.
杨冰韵,吴晓京,郭徵,2017.基于CloudSat资料的中国地区深对流云物理特征研究[J].高原气象,36(6):1655-1664.DOI:10.7522/j.issn.1000-0534.2017.00006.
姚志刚,杨超,赵增亮,等,2018.毫米波雷达反演层状云液态水路径研究[J].高原气象,37(1):223-233.DOI:10.7522/j.issn.1000-0534.2016.00127.
张家宝,袁玉江,2002.试论新疆气候对水资源的影响[J].自然资源学报,17(1):28-34.
张萍,彭宽军,陈勇航,等,2011.新疆三大山区云的垂直分布特征初探[J].资源科学,33(11):2090-2098.
张学文,2002.云的含水量及其水循环[J].水科学进展,13(1):84-87.
周晓丽,胡列群,马丽云,等,2014.基于FY3A资料的天山山区暴雨云相态分析[J].干旱区地理,37(4):667-675.