承压容器爆破压力计算公式的评价方法研究
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摘要
构建了一个具有统计性质的随机变量;借助于数理统计的假设检验理论,采用无偏估计分析了该随机变量分布参数的变化规律,建立了承压容器爆破压力计算公式精度的评价方法。基于27组钢制薄壁单层圆筒形容器爆破压力实测数据,研究了有关因素对中径公式与福贝尔(Faupel)公式精度的影响。研究表明:(1)对于径比为1.010~1.50且材料屈强比为0.488 9~0.966 0的钢制薄壁单层圆筒形容器,屈强比的大小对中径公式对应随机变量的标准差与均值没有显著影响;虽然屈强比的大小对福贝尔公式对应随机变量的均值没有显著影响,但屈强比不超过0.499 7样本的试验数据,显著增大了福贝尔公式对应随机变量的标准差;(2)在上述范围,中径公式对应随机变量的变异系数小于福贝尔公式,集中度高;用中径公式计算薄壁单层圆筒形容器爆破压力,比福贝尔公式合适;(3)将屈强比调整为0.538 8~0.966 0且径比相应调整为1.013 3~1.50时,福贝尔公式对应随机变量的变异系数显著变小,集中度得到显著提高。
A random variable with statistical property was built; by means of the statistical theory hypothesis testing,and using the sample data,the change rule of random variable distribution parameter was analyzed,the evaluation method of the pressure vessel burst pressure calculation formula precision was established. Based on 27 groups of steel thin-wall single-layer cylinder burst pressure measured data,related factors influence on the precision of mid-diameter formula and Faupel formula were studied. The research shows that:( 1) For thin-wall single-layer cylinder,with the vessel materials yield ratio ranging from0. 488 9 to 0. 0. 966 0,and the diameter ratio ranging from 1. 010 to 1. 5,the yield ratio value is not obviously affect the standard deviation and mean value of mid-diameter formula corresponding to random variable; although yield ratio value is no significant effect on mean value of Faupel formula corresponding to random variable,but if experimental data of yield ratio was lower than0. 499 7,Faupel formula corresponding to random variable standard deviation is significant increase;( 2) In above scope,middiameter formula corresponding to random variable coefficient of variation is less than Faupel formula 's,and mid-diameter formula with higher concentration,for calculating steel thin-walled single layer cylinder burst pressures,mid-diameter formula is better than Faupel formula;( 3) Adjust the materials yield ratio ranging from 0. 538 8 to 0. 966 0,and the diameter ratio ranging from 1. 013 3 to 1. 5 accordingly,the variation coefficient of Faupel formula corresponding to random variable is significantly decreased,and the concentration of Faupel formula is significantly improved.
A random variable with statistical property was built; by means of the statistical theory hypothesis testing,and using the sample data,the change rule of random variable distribution parameter was analyzed,the evaluation method of the pressure vessel burst pressure calculation formula precision was established. Based on 27 groups of steel thin-wall single-layer cylinder burst pressure measured data,related factors influence on the precision of mid-diameter formula and Faupel formula were studied. The research shows that:( 1) For thin-wall single-layer cylinder,with the vessel materials yield ratio ranging from0. 488 9 to 0. 0. 966 0,and the diameter ratio ranging from 1. 010 to 1. 5,the yield ratio value is not obviously affect the standard deviation and mean value of mid-diameter formula corresponding to random variable; although yield ratio value is no significant effect on mean value of Faupel formula corresponding to random variable,but if experimental data of yield ratio was lower than0. 499 7,Faupel formula corresponding to random variable standard deviation is significant increase;( 2) In above scope,middiameter formula corresponding to random variable coefficient of variation is less than Faupel formula 's,and mid-diameter formula with higher concentration,for calculating steel thin-walled single layer cylinder burst pressures,mid-diameter formula is better than Faupel formula;( 3) Adjust the materials yield ratio ranging from 0. 538 8 to 0. 966 0,and the diameter ratio ranging from 1. 013 3 to 1. 5 accordingly,the variation coefficient of Faupel formula corresponding to random variable is significantly decreased,and the concentration of Faupel formula is significantly improved.
引文
[1]中华人民共和国国家标准.GB 150-2011,压力容器[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2012:94-95.National Standard of the People’s Republic of China.GB 150-2011,Pressure vessels[S].Beijing:Chinese Standard Press,2011:94-95(In Chinese).
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[6]柳爱群,杨中,杨烨.圆筒形压力容器爆破压力经验公式的改进[J].机械强度,2013,35(5):652-656.LIU Ai Quan,YANG Zhong,YANG Ye.Amendment of empirical formulas calculating bursting pressure of cylindrical vessels[J].Journal of Mechanical Strength,2013,35(5):652-656(In Chinese).
[7]陈国理,钟汉通,王作池.超高压聚乙烯反应管爆破试验[J].压力容器,1991,8(2):40-43.CHEN Guo Li,ZHONG Han Tong,WANG Zuo Chi.Burst test of super-high pressure polyethylene reaction tube[J].Pressure Vessel Technology,1991,8(2):40-43(In Chinese).
[8]郑津洋,匡继勇,徐平,等.多层超高压容器爆破压力研究[J].化工机械,1994,21(5):271-277.ZHENG Ji Yang,KUANG Ji Yong,XU Ping,et al.Research intobursting pressures of the multi-layered super-high pressure vessel[J].Chemical Engineering&Machinery,1994,21(5):271-277(In Chinese).
[9]张红卫,陈刚,刘岑,等.标准椭圆封头对薄壁内压圆筒承载能力的影响[J].武汉工程大学学报,2010,32(3):103-106.ZHANG Hong Wei,CHEN Gang,LIU Cen,et al.Standard elliptical dished head to thin wall internal pressure cylinder bearing capacity influence[J].Journal of Wuhan Institute of Technology,2010,32(2):103-106(In Chinese).
[10]李生昌.压力容器爆破压力的确定[J].化工机械,1987,14(2):120-123.LI Sheng Chang.Determination of pressure vessel burst pressure[J].Chemical Engineering&Machinery,1987,14(2):120-123(In Chinese).
[11]袁格侠,刘宏昭,钱学梅,等.求解超高压筒形容器爆破压力的神经网络方法[J].兵器材料科学与工程,2010,33(2):31-34.YUAN Ge Xia,LIU Hong Zhao,QIAN Xue Mei,et al.ANN-based prediction of bursting pressure under ultra-high pressure for cylindrical vessel[J].Ordnance Material Science and Engineering,2010,33(2):31-34(In Chinese).
[12]刘小宁.钢制薄壁内压圆筒静强度的试验研究[J].化工设备与管道,2002,39(6):10-13.LIU Xiao Ning.Test research on steel thin-wall short cylinder Static strength at internal pressure[J].Process Equipment&Piping,2002,39(6):10-13(In Chinese).
[13]熊德之,张志军.概率论与数理统计及其应用[M].北京:科学出版社,2007:151-153;2007:261-266.XIONG De Zhi,ZHANG Zhi Jun.Application of Probability Theory and Mathematical Statistics[M].Beijing:Science Press,2007:151-153;2007:261-266(In Chinese).
[14]化学工程手册编辑委员会.化工应用数学[M].北京:化学工业出版社,1983:30-33;1983:372-374.Editorial Board of Chemical Engineering Handbook.Chemical Application Mathematics[M].Beijing:Chemical Industry Press,1983:30-33;1983:372-374(In Chinese).
[15]徐灏.机械强度的可靠性设计[M].北京:机械工业出版社,1984:250-259.XU Hao.Mechanical Strength Reliability Design[M].Beijing:Mechanical Industry Press,1984:250-259(In Chinese).
[16]刘小宁,刘岑,吴元祥,等.超高压圆筒形容器爆破压力计算公式的比较[J].机械强度,2015,37(2):373-376.LIU Xiao Ning,LIU Cen,WU Yuan Xiang,et al.Burst pressure caculation formula compare of super-high pressure cylinder vessel[J].Journal of Mechanical Strength,2015,37(2):373-376(In Chinese).
[17]刘智敏.误差与数据处理[M].北京:原子能出版社,1981:1-58.LIU Zhi Min.Errors and Data Processing[M].Beijing:Atomic Energy Press,1981:1-58(In Chinese).
[18]刘小宁,刘岑,刘兵,等.单层厚壁内压圆筒设计公式改进效果的可靠性研究[J].机械强度,2016,38(2):276-283.LIU Xiao Ning,LIU Cen,LIU Bing,et al.Improvement effect reliability research on single-layer thick-walled internal pressure cylinder design formulas[J].Journal of Mechanical Strength,2016,38(2):276-283(In Chinese).
[19]刘小宁.钢制薄壁内压容器爆破压力的概率分布研究[J].化工设计,2004,14(1):23-28.LIU Xiao Ning.Research on probability distribution of burst pressure for the thin-steel-wall internal pressure vessel[J].Chemical Engineering Design,2004,14(1):23-28(In Chinese).
[20]袁小会,刘岑,吴元祥,等.单层厚壁圆筒爆破压力的分布规律与参数[J].武汉工程大学学报,2014,36(4):69-73.YUAN Xaio Hui,LIU Cen,WU Yuan Xiang,et al.Distribution Law and Parameters of Monolayer Thick-walled Cylinder Burst Pressure[J].Journal of Wuhan Institute of Technology,2014,36(4):69-73(In Chinese).
[2]中华人民共和国国家标准.GB 12337-2014,钢制球形储罐[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2014:25-27.National Standard of the People’s Republic of China.GB 12337-2014,Steel spherical tanks[S].Beijing:Chinese Standard Press,2014:25-27(In Chinese).
[3]中华人民共和国国家质量监督假设检验检疫总局.TSG R0002-2005,超高压容器安全技术监察规程[S].北京:中国计量出版社,2005:13-14.General Administration of Quality Supervision,Inspection and Quarantine of the People’s Republic of China.TSG R0002-2005,Super-high pressure vessel safety and technical supervision regulation[S].Beijing:China Metrology Press,2005:13-14(In Chinese).
[4]邵国华,魏龙灿.超高压容器[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2002:20-36.SHAO Guo Hua,WEI Long Can.Super high pressure vessel[M].Beijing:Chemical Industry Press,2002:20-36(In Chinese).
[5]朱学政,陈国理.高压容器爆破压力的计算[J].石油化工设备技术,1995,16(1):23-26.ZHU Xue Zheng,CHEN Guo Li.Calculation of bursting pressures for high pressure vessels[J].Petro-Chemical Equipment Technology,1995,16(1):23-26(In Chinese).
[6]柳爱群,杨中,杨烨.圆筒形压力容器爆破压力经验公式的改进[J].机械强度,2013,35(5):652-656.LIU Ai Quan,YANG Zhong,YANG Ye.Amendment of empirical formulas calculating bursting pressure of cylindrical vessels[J].Journal of Mechanical Strength,2013,35(5):652-656(In Chinese).
[7]陈国理,钟汉通,王作池.超高压聚乙烯反应管爆破试验[J].压力容器,1991,8(2):40-43.CHEN Guo Li,ZHONG Han Tong,WANG Zuo Chi.Burst test of super-high pressure polyethylene reaction tube[J].Pressure Vessel Technology,1991,8(2):40-43(In Chinese).
[8]郑津洋,匡继勇,徐平,等.多层超高压容器爆破压力研究[J].化工机械,1994,21(5):271-277.ZHENG Ji Yang,KUANG Ji Yong,XU Ping,et al.Research intobursting pressures of the multi-layered super-high pressure vessel[J].Chemical Engineering&Machinery,1994,21(5):271-277(In Chinese).
[9]张红卫,陈刚,刘岑,等.标准椭圆封头对薄壁内压圆筒承载能力的影响[J].武汉工程大学学报,2010,32(3):103-106.ZHANG Hong Wei,CHEN Gang,LIU Cen,et al.Standard elliptical dished head to thin wall internal pressure cylinder bearing capacity influence[J].Journal of Wuhan Institute of Technology,2010,32(2):103-106(In Chinese).
[10]李生昌.压力容器爆破压力的确定[J].化工机械,1987,14(2):120-123.LI Sheng Chang.Determination of pressure vessel burst pressure[J].Chemical Engineering&Machinery,1987,14(2):120-123(In Chinese).
[11]袁格侠,刘宏昭,钱学梅,等.求解超高压筒形容器爆破压力的神经网络方法[J].兵器材料科学与工程,2010,33(2):31-34.YUAN Ge Xia,LIU Hong Zhao,QIAN Xue Mei,et al.ANN-based prediction of bursting pressure under ultra-high pressure for cylindrical vessel[J].Ordnance Material Science and Engineering,2010,33(2):31-34(In Chinese).
[12]刘小宁.钢制薄壁内压圆筒静强度的试验研究[J].化工设备与管道,2002,39(6):10-13.LIU Xiao Ning.Test research on steel thin-wall short cylinder Static strength at internal pressure[J].Process Equipment&Piping,2002,39(6):10-13(In Chinese).
[13]熊德之,张志军.概率论与数理统计及其应用[M].北京:科学出版社,2007:151-153;2007:261-266.XIONG De Zhi,ZHANG Zhi Jun.Application of Probability Theory and Mathematical Statistics[M].Beijing:Science Press,2007:151-153;2007:261-266(In Chinese).
[14]化学工程手册编辑委员会.化工应用数学[M].北京:化学工业出版社,1983:30-33;1983:372-374.Editorial Board of Chemical Engineering Handbook.Chemical Application Mathematics[M].Beijing:Chemical Industry Press,1983:30-33;1983:372-374(In Chinese).
[15]徐灏.机械强度的可靠性设计[M].北京:机械工业出版社,1984:250-259.XU Hao.Mechanical Strength Reliability Design[M].Beijing:Mechanical Industry Press,1984:250-259(In Chinese).
[16]刘小宁,刘岑,吴元祥,等.超高压圆筒形容器爆破压力计算公式的比较[J].机械强度,2015,37(2):373-376.LIU Xiao Ning,LIU Cen,WU Yuan Xiang,et al.Burst pressure caculation formula compare of super-high pressure cylinder vessel[J].Journal of Mechanical Strength,2015,37(2):373-376(In Chinese).
[17]刘智敏.误差与数据处理[M].北京:原子能出版社,1981:1-58.LIU Zhi Min.Errors and Data Processing[M].Beijing:Atomic Energy Press,1981:1-58(In Chinese).
[18]刘小宁,刘岑,刘兵,等.单层厚壁内压圆筒设计公式改进效果的可靠性研究[J].机械强度,2016,38(2):276-283.LIU Xiao Ning,LIU Cen,LIU Bing,et al.Improvement effect reliability research on single-layer thick-walled internal pressure cylinder design formulas[J].Journal of Mechanical Strength,2016,38(2):276-283(In Chinese).
[19]刘小宁.钢制薄壁内压容器爆破压力的概率分布研究[J].化工设计,2004,14(1):23-28.LIU Xiao Ning.Research on probability distribution of burst pressure for the thin-steel-wall internal pressure vessel[J].Chemical Engineering Design,2004,14(1):23-28(In Chinese).
[20]袁小会,刘岑,吴元祥,等.单层厚壁圆筒爆破压力的分布规律与参数[J].武汉工程大学学报,2014,36(4):69-73.YUAN Xaio Hui,LIU Cen,WU Yuan Xiang,et al.Distribution Law and Parameters of Monolayer Thick-walled Cylinder Burst Pressure[J].Journal of Wuhan Institute of Technology,2014,36(4):69-73(In Chinese).
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