一种计及有载调压变压器动态调节影响的中长期电压稳定评估指标
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摘要
运用随机优化理论,研究在已知实时供电计划基础上供电公司对于可中断负荷的最优决策模型,并给出模型的解析解。有载调压变压器作为一种重要的电压调节手段,在电力系统中被广泛应用,然而,其分接头调整对系统的动态响应影响显著。研究有载调压变压器动态调节对电压稳定性的影响,基于有载调压变压器分接头动作前后一次侧电压和电流变化量,给出一种中长期电压稳定性评估指标,该指标计算快速简单,能给出系统的戴维南等值阻抗。3机10节点测试系统和实际电网的仿真结果表明,该指标可以准确判断有载调压变压器的稳定性,结合WAMS可以实现电力系统的中长期电压在线监测及控制,具有较强的工程实用价值。
As an important voltage regulation method,the on-load tap changing transformer( OLTC) is widely applied in power system where the regulation of OLTC tap is significant to system dynamic response. The effect of OLTC dynamic regulation on voltage stability is studied in this paper. Based on the variation of voltage and current in transformer primary side caused by OLTC action,an assessment index of mid-long term voltage stability is put forward.The calculation of this index is simple with a high calculation speed. Besides,this index can be utilized to obtain the system Thevenin equivalent impedance.Finally,a 3 machine 10 node test system and an actual power gird are included to verify the effectiveness of assessment index. It is shown that the proposed method can indicate the stability of OLTC accurately. It has strong engineering practical value since it can realize on-line voltage monitoring and control combined with WAMS.
As an important voltage regulation method,the on-load tap changing transformer( OLTC) is widely applied in power system where the regulation of OLTC tap is significant to system dynamic response. The effect of OLTC dynamic regulation on voltage stability is studied in this paper. Based on the variation of voltage and current in transformer primary side caused by OLTC action,an assessment index of mid-long term voltage stability is put forward.The calculation of this index is simple with a high calculation speed. Besides,this index can be utilized to obtain the system Thevenin equivalent impedance.Finally,a 3 machine 10 node test system and an actual power gird are included to verify the effectiveness of assessment index. It is shown that the proposed method can indicate the stability of OLTC accurately. It has strong engineering practical value since it can realize on-line voltage monitoring and control combined with WAMS.
引文
[1]马世英,仲悟之,汤涌,等.基于多信息源的电压安全全过程预警及防控系统[J].电网技术,2013,37(9):2 459-2 465.MA Shi-ying,ZHONG Wu-zhi,TANG Yong,et al.A multiple information sources based whole process early warning and preventive control system for voltage security[J].Power System Technology,2013,37(9):2 459-2 465.
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[9]刘道伟,谢小荣,穆钢,等.基于同步相量测量的电力系统在线电压稳定指标[J].中国电机工程学报,2005,25(1):13-17.LIU Dao-wei,XIE Xiao-rong,MU Gang,et al. An on-line voltage stability index of power system based on synchronized phasor measurement[J]. Proceeding of the CSEE,2005,25(1):13-17.
[10]赵冬梅,陈晓云,张旭.基于广域测量系统的在线电压稳定预测指标的应用[J].电网技术,2011,35(7):118-122.ZHAO Dong-mei,CHEN Xiao-yun,ZHANG Xu.Application study of on-line voltage stability prediction index based on WAMS[J]. Power System Technology,2011,35(7):118-122.
[11]乔媛媛,,郑飞平,杨若松,等.一种基于支路量测的电压稳定评估指标[J].电力系统保护与控制,2011,39(8):18-22.QIAO Yuan-yuan,ZHENG Fei-ping,YANG Ruo-song,et al. A voltage stability assessment index based on branch measurement[J]. Power System Protection and Control,2011,39(8):18-22.
[12]竺炜,董海涛,陶琼,等.基于局部测量信息电压稳定性指标的有效性验证分析[J].电力科学与技术学报,2013,28(2):38-42.ZHU Wei,DONG Hai-tao,TAO Qiong,et al.Voltage stability index effective validation analysis method based on part measurements information[J]. Journal of Electric Power Science and Technology,2013,28(2):38-42.
[13]王晶,李卫星,李志明,等.计及发电机动态的多端口网络等值及中长期电压稳定监视[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(18):4 670-4 615.WANG Jing,LI Wei-xing,LI Zhi-ming,et al. Multi-port network equivalent considering generator dynamics and mid-long term voltage stability monitoring[J]. Proceeding of the CSEE,2015,35(18):4 670-4 615.
[14]汤涌,林伟芳,孙华东,等.基于戴维南等值跟踪的电压失稳和功角失稳的判别方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2009,29(25):1-6.TANG Yong,LIN Wei-fang,SUN Hua-dong,et al.Method identifying voltage instability and angle instability based on tracking thevenin equivalent parameters[J]. Proceeding of the CSEE,2009,29(25):1-6.
[2]司丞坤,高金峰.有载调压变压器对电力系统电压稳定的影响分析[J].电测与仪表,2015,52(20):113-119.SI Cheng-kun,GAO Jin-feng. Analysis on the effect of onload tap changer on the voltage stability of power system[J].Electrical Measurement&Instrumentation,2015,52(20):113-119.
[3]石立宝,史中英,姚良忠,等.现代电力系统连锁性大停电事故机理研究综述[J].电网技术,2010,34(3):48-54.SHI Li-bao,SHI Zhong-ying,YAO Liang-zhong,et al. A review of mechanism of large cascading failure blackouts of modern power system[J]. Power System Technology,2010,34(3):48-54.
[4]董雷,张昭,蒲天骄,等.基于PMU量测信息的电压稳定在线评估指标[J].电力系统保护与控制,2015,43(11):1-6.DONG Lei,ZHANG Zhao,PU Tian-jiao,et al. An online voltage stability index based on measuring information of phase measurement unit[J]. Power System Protection and Control,2015,43(11):1-6.
[5]温柏坚,袁康龙,林舜江,等.变电站电压无功控制对静态电压稳定的影响分析[J].电力系统保护与控制,2013,41(7):103-107.WEN Bai-jian,YUAN Kang-long,LIN Shun-jiang,et al. Analysis of the impact of voltage and reactive power control in substations on the steady state voltage stability[J]. Power System Protection and Control,2013,41(7):103-107.
[6]Bharat Singh,Singh S N,文福拴.适用于长距离输电网络的通用电压崩溃指标[J].电力科学与技术学报,2009,24(1):30-37.Bharat Singh,Singh S N,WEN Fu-shuan. Static analysis on the effect of OLTC on voltage stability[J].Journal of electric power science and technology,2009,24(1):30-37.
[7]胡国根,彭志炜,韩祯祥.有载调压变压器对电压稳定性影响的静态分析[J].电力系统自动化,1998,22(5):14-18.HU Guo-gen,PENG Zhi-we,HAN Zhen-xiang.Static analysis on the effect of OLTC on voltage stability[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,1998,22(5):14-18.
[8]赵兴勇,张秀彬,何斌.优化有载调压变压器改善电压稳定性的新算法[J].高电压技术,2007,33(10):170-173.ZHAO Xing-yong,ZHANG Xiu-bin,HE Bin.Novel algorithm of improving voltage stability by optimizing modification of OLTC[J]. High Voltage Engineering,2007,33(10):170-173.
[9]刘道伟,谢小荣,穆钢,等.基于同步相量测量的电力系统在线电压稳定指标[J].中国电机工程学报,2005,25(1):13-17.LIU Dao-wei,XIE Xiao-rong,MU Gang,et al. An on-line voltage stability index of power system based on synchronized phasor measurement[J]. Proceeding of the CSEE,2005,25(1):13-17.
[10]赵冬梅,陈晓云,张旭.基于广域测量系统的在线电压稳定预测指标的应用[J].电网技术,2011,35(7):118-122.ZHAO Dong-mei,CHEN Xiao-yun,ZHANG Xu.Application study of on-line voltage stability prediction index based on WAMS[J]. Power System Technology,2011,35(7):118-122.
[11]乔媛媛,,郑飞平,杨若松,等.一种基于支路量测的电压稳定评估指标[J].电力系统保护与控制,2011,39(8):18-22.QIAO Yuan-yuan,ZHENG Fei-ping,YANG Ruo-song,et al. A voltage stability assessment index based on branch measurement[J]. Power System Protection and Control,2011,39(8):18-22.
[12]竺炜,董海涛,陶琼,等.基于局部测量信息电压稳定性指标的有效性验证分析[J].电力科学与技术学报,2013,28(2):38-42.ZHU Wei,DONG Hai-tao,TAO Qiong,et al.Voltage stability index effective validation analysis method based on part measurements information[J]. Journal of Electric Power Science and Technology,2013,28(2):38-42.
[13]王晶,李卫星,李志明,等.计及发电机动态的多端口网络等值及中长期电压稳定监视[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(18):4 670-4 615.WANG Jing,LI Wei-xing,LI Zhi-ming,et al. Multi-port network equivalent considering generator dynamics and mid-long term voltage stability monitoring[J]. Proceeding of the CSEE,2015,35(18):4 670-4 615.
[14]汤涌,林伟芳,孙华东,等.基于戴维南等值跟踪的电压失稳和功角失稳的判别方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2009,29(25):1-6.TANG Yong,LIN Wei-fang,SUN Hua-dong,et al.Method identifying voltage instability and angle instability based on tracking thevenin equivalent parameters[J]. Proceeding of the CSEE,2009,29(25):1-6.