安全壳静水中的屈曲临界深度分析
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摘要
安全壳作为海上核电站的一道重要安全保障,需设计其发生沉没事故时的临界安全深度。由于安全壳尺寸较大,且在沉没时会呈现各种姿态角,为便于安全壳结构的工程设计,本文提出了一种安全壳在静水中的屈曲临界深度系数法。结合目前已成熟的安全壳屈曲规范计算,对安全壳进行了静水压力下的屈曲安全设计,并分析了结构几何缺陷对屈曲临界深度系数的影响。结果表明:随着安全壳厚度的增加,其屈曲临界深度系数逐渐增加,但增加率逐渐变小;安全壳的厚度越小,屈曲临界深度系数对几何缺陷敏感性越强。该方法是在目前压力容器均匀外压下的屈曲安全设计规范的基础上以及在缺乏相应的安全壳静水中的屈曲试验情况下的一种折中方案。
A critical safety depth for sunken accident is required in the process of designing the safety shell,which acts as a significant safety guarantee for the offshore nuclear power plant.Since the size of safety shell is large and several kinds of angles will appear when the safety shell is sunk,a method of the critical buckling depth coefficient was developed here for safety shell working under hydrostatic pressure,which can be well applied in the engineering design of safety shell.With the current code computation for safety shell buckling,the process of safety shell working under hydrostatic pressure was carefully simulated and the effects of structural geometric defects on the critical buckling depth coefficient were analyzed.The results show that the critical buckling depth coefficient increases with safety shell's thickness,yet the increase rate of critical buckling depth coefficient decreases.In addition,the sensitivity of critical buckling depth coefficient on structural geometric defect increases with the decrease of safety shell's thickness.Without the buckling experiments of safety shell under hydrostatic pressure,this method is a compromised way based on the current buckling design code for pressure vessel under uniform external pressure.
A critical safety depth for sunken accident is required in the process of designing the safety shell,which acts as a significant safety guarantee for the offshore nuclear power plant.Since the size of safety shell is large and several kinds of angles will appear when the safety shell is sunk,a method of the critical buckling depth coefficient was developed here for safety shell working under hydrostatic pressure,which can be well applied in the engineering design of safety shell.With the current code computation for safety shell buckling,the process of safety shell working under hydrostatic pressure was carefully simulated and the effects of structural geometric defects on the critical buckling depth coefficient were analyzed.The results show that the critical buckling depth coefficient increases with safety shell's thickness,yet the increase rate of critical buckling depth coefficient decreases.In addition,the sensitivity of critical buckling depth coefficient on structural geometric defect increases with the decrease of safety shell's thickness.Without the buckling experiments of safety shell under hydrostatic pressure,this method is a compromised way based on the current buckling design code for pressure vessel under uniform external pressure.
引文
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[9]石德新,王晓天.潜艇强度[M].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学出版社,1980.
[10]KIRKPATRICK S W,HOLMES B S.Structural response of thin cylindrical shells subjected to impulsive external loads[J].AIAA,1988,26(1):96-109.
[11]顾明剑,张其林.引入一阶屈曲模态作为初始缺陷的研究[J].工业建筑,2005,10(1):1 188-1 192.GU Mingjian,ZHANG Qilin.Study on introducing first order buckling modes as initial defects[J].Industrial Building,2005,10(1):1 188-1 192(in Chinese).
[12]白旭,乐智斌,李金华,等.静水压力下具有轴对称初始缺陷圆柱壳承载能力研究[J].船舶力学,2015,19(11):1 334-1 343.BAI Xu,LE Zhibin,LI Jinhua,et al.Loadcarrying capacity of cylindrical shells with axisymmetric initial imperfections under hydrostatic pressure[J].Journal of Ship Mechanics,2015,19(11):1 334-1 343(in Chinese).
[2]US Nuclear Regulatory Commission Regulations:10CFR50:Code of federal regulations[S].US:NRC,2006.
[3]余爱萍,王远功.核反应堆安全壳结构形式的选择[J].核动力工程,1989,10(4):14-17.YU Aiping,WANG Yuangong.The choice of the containment structure of nuclear power reactor[J].Nuclear Power Engineering,1989,10(4):14-17(in Chinese).
[4]ASME boiler&pressure vessel code-2007:ⅧDiv.2:Alternative rules,rules for construction of pressure vessels[S].US:The American Society of Mechanical Engineers,2007.
[5]YAMAKI N.Elastic stability of circular cylindrical shell[J].Journal of Constructional Steel Research,1984,6(1):81-82.
[6]乐智斌,白旭,刘石冬.静水压力下圆柱壳结构屈曲机理分析[J].船舶工程,2015,37(8):9-13.LE Zhibin,BAI Xu,LIU Shidong.Analysis of buckling mechanism of cylindrical shell under hydrostatic pressure[J].Ship Engineering,2015,37(8):9-13(in Chinese).
[7]张璟,晏飞.外压圆柱壳的屈曲分析[C]∥首届全国航空航天领域中的力学问题学术研讨会论文集:下册.[出版地不详]:[出版者不详],2004:334-336.
[8]王晓天,孙俊岭,邓剑平,等.潜艇耐压船体周向应力分布不均匀性对稳定性的影响[J].哈尔滨工程大学学报,1995,16(2):1-6.WANG Xiaotian,SUN Junling,DENG Jianping,et al.The effect of the nonuniformity of circumferential stress distribution of the pressured submarine body on its stability[J].Journal of Harbin Engineering University,1995,16(2):1-6(in Chinese).
[9]石德新,王晓天.潜艇强度[M].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学出版社,1980.
[10]KIRKPATRICK S W,HOLMES B S.Structural response of thin cylindrical shells subjected to impulsive external loads[J].AIAA,1988,26(1):96-109.
[11]顾明剑,张其林.引入一阶屈曲模态作为初始缺陷的研究[J].工业建筑,2005,10(1):1 188-1 192.GU Mingjian,ZHANG Qilin.Study on introducing first order buckling modes as initial defects[J].Industrial Building,2005,10(1):1 188-1 192(in Chinese).
[12]白旭,乐智斌,李金华,等.静水压力下具有轴对称初始缺陷圆柱壳承载能力研究[J].船舶力学,2015,19(11):1 334-1 343.BAI Xu,LE Zhibin,LI Jinhua,et al.Loadcarrying capacity of cylindrical shells with axisymmetric initial imperfections under hydrostatic pressure[J].Journal of Ship Mechanics,2015,19(11):1 334-1 343(in Chinese).