主应力轴旋转条件下黄土变形特性试验
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摘要
为研究黄土在主应力轴循环旋转条件下的变形特性,采用空心圆柱扭剪仪(HCA)开展了2种不同应力路径下的扭剪试验。第1种应力路径为保持主应力轴方向不变,改变偏应力大小,研究黄土在不同主应力轴方向角α和不同中主应力系数b下的变形特性;第2种应力路径为保持偏应力大小不变,改变主应力轴方向,研究主应力轴循环旋转周期对黄土性状的影响。试验结果表明:土样剪切强度与中主应力系数b、主应力轴方向角α相关,当b相同,α=30°时土样剪切强度最大,α=60°时土样剪切强度略大于α=45°时;α相同时,剪切强度>b=1时的剪切强度>b=0.5时的剪切强度;纯主应力轴旋转会使土体产生塑形应变,并且随着旋转周期的增加,土体产生的塑形应变将不断累积。
To study the deformation characteristics of Loess under the cyclic rotation of the principal stress axes,two different torsional shear tests are performed under different stress paths using the hollow cylindrical torsional shear apparatus(HCA).The first stress path keeps the direction of the principal stress axes unchanged,but the size of deviator stress applied to the soil is changed.The first test is to study the deformation characteristics of the soil under the condition of different principal stress direction angleαand different intermediate principal stress parameter b values.The second stress path changes the direction of the principal stress axes,but the size of the deviator stress applied to the soil is unchanged.The second test is to study the effects of the cyclic rotation periods of the principal stress axes on the characteristics of the soil.The experimental results show that the deformation characteristics of Loess have a certainrelationship with the principal stress direction angle and intermediate principal stress parameter.When bis constant,the shear strength is the largest whenα=30°and whenα=60°,the shear strength is slightly larger than that whenα=45°.Whenαis constant,the shear strength when b=0 is larger than that when b=1,which larger than that when b=0.5.Pure principal stress axes rotation causes the soil to produce plastic strain,which will accumulate with the increase in the rotation cycles.
To study the deformation characteristics of Loess under the cyclic rotation of the principal stress axes,two different torsional shear tests are performed under different stress paths using the hollow cylindrical torsional shear apparatus(HCA).The first stress path keeps the direction of the principal stress axes unchanged,but the size of deviator stress applied to the soil is changed.The first test is to study the deformation characteristics of the soil under the condition of different principal stress direction angleαand different intermediate principal stress parameter b values.The second stress path changes the direction of the principal stress axes,but the size of the deviator stress applied to the soil is unchanged.The second test is to study the effects of the cyclic rotation periods of the principal stress axes on the characteristics of the soil.The experimental results show that the deformation characteristics of Loess have a certainrelationship with the principal stress direction angle and intermediate principal stress parameter.When bis constant,the shear strength is the largest whenα=30°and whenα=60°,the shear strength is slightly larger than that whenα=45°.Whenαis constant,the shear strength when b=0 is larger than that when b=1,which larger than that when b=0.5.Pure principal stress axes rotation causes the soil to produce plastic strain,which will accumulate with the increase in the rotation cycles.
引文
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[15]杨立伟.主应力轴旋转情况下原状软黏土应力应变试验研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2009.YANG Li-wei.Experimental Study on Effect of Variation of Principal Stress Orientation on Intact Soft Clay[D].Hangzhou:Zhejiang University,2009.
[16]熊焕,郭林,蔡袁强.主应力轴变化下非共轴对砂土剪胀特性影响[J].岩土力学,2017,38(1):133-140.XIONG Huan,GUO Lin,CAI Yuan-qiang.Effect of Non-coaxiality on Dilatancy of Sand Involving Principal Stress Axes Rotation[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2017,38(1):133-140.
[17]杜子博,钱建固,黄茂松.考虑主应力轴旋转效应的交通荷载下饱和软黏土变形特性试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2016,35(5):1031-1040.DU Zi-bo,QIAN Jian-gu,HUANG Mao-song.Experimental Study on Deformation Behavior of Saturated Soft Clay Under Traffic Loading Considering Effect of Principal Stress Rotation[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2016,35(5):1031-1040.
[18]杨彦豪,周建,周红星.主应力轴旋转条件下软黏土的非共轴研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2015,34(6):1258-1266.YANG Yan-hao,ZHOU Jian,ZHOU Hong-xing.Non-coaxial Behavior of Soft Clay Subjected to Principal[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2015,34(6):1258-1266.
[19]YANG Z X,LI X S,YANG J.Undrained Anisotropy and Rotational Shear in Granular Soil[J].Geotechnique,2007,57(4):371-384.
[20]孙海妹,王兰民,刘红玫,等.原状黄土的反压饱和法试验研究[J].防灾减灾工程学报,2010,30(1):98-102.SUN Hai-mei,WANG Lan-min,LIU Hong-mei,et al.Experimental Study on the Back Pressure Saturation Method of Undisturbed Loess[J].Journal of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Engineering,2010,30(1):98-102.
[2]MIURA K,MIURA S,TOKI S.Deformation Behavior of Anisotropic Sand Under Principal Stress Axes Rotation[J].Soils and Foundations,1986,26(1):36-52.
[3]SYMES M J,GENS A,HIGHT D W.Drained Principal Stress Rotation in Saturated Sand[J].Geotechnique,1988,38(1):59-81.
[4]郭莹,栾茂田,何杨,等.复杂应力条件下饱和松砂孔隙水压力增长特性的试验研究[J].地震工程与工程振动,2004,24(3):139-144.GUO Ying,LUAN Mao-tian,HE Yang,et al.Experimental Study on Development Pattern of Shaking-induced Pore Water Pressure of Saturated Loose Sand Under Complex Loading[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2004,24(3):139-144.
[5]SIVATHAYALAN S,VAID Y P.Influence of Generalized Initial State and Principal Stress Rotation on the Undrained Response of Sands[J].Canadian Geotechnical Journal,2002,39:63-76.
[6]VAID Y P,SAYAO A,HOU E,et al.Generalized Stress Path Dependent Soil Behaviour with a New Hollow Cylinder Torsional Apparatus[J].Canadian Geotechnical Journal,1990,27:601-616.
[7]NAKATA Y,HYODO M,MURATA H,et al.Flow Deformation of Sands Subjected to Principal Stress Rotation[J].Soils and Foundations,1998,38(2):115-128.
[8]GRABE P J,CLAYTON C R I.Effects of Principal Stress Rotation of Permanent Deformation in Rain Track Foundations[J].Geotech Geoenviron Engineering,2009,135:555-565.
[9]TONG Zhao-xia,YU Yi-lin,ZHANG Jian-min,et al.Deformation Behavior of Sands Subjected to Cyclic Rotation of Principal Stress Axes[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2008,30(8):1096-1102.
[10]沈扬.考虑主应力方向变化的原状软黏土试验研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2007.SHEN Yang.Experimental Study on Effect of Variation of Principal Stress Orientation on Undisturbed Soft Clay[D].Hangzhou:Zhejiang University,2007.
[11]张勋.复杂应力路径下原状软黏土剪切破坏标准研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2010.ZHANG Xun.Study on Failure Criterion for Intact Soft Clay Under Complex Stress Path[D].Hangzhou:Zhejiang University,2010.
[12]沈扬,周建,张金良,等.考虑主应力方向变化的原状黏土强度及超静孔压特性研究[J].岩土工程学报,2007,29(6):843-847.SHEN Yang,ZHOU Jian,ZHANG Jin-liang,et al.Research on Strength and Pore Pressure of Intact Clay Considering Variation of Principal Stress Direction[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2007,29(6):843-847.
[13]沈扬,周建,龚晓南,等.考虑主应力方向变化的原状软黏土应力应变性状试验研究[J].岩土力学,2009,30(12):3720-3276.SHEN Yang,ZHOU Jian,GONG Xiao-nan,et al.Experimental Study of Stress-strain Properties of Intact Softclay Considering the Change of Principal Stress Direction[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2009,30(12):3720-3726.
[14]沈扬,周建,龚晓南.空心圆柱仪(HCA)模拟恒定围压下主应力轴循环旋转应力路径能力分析[J].岩土工程学报,2006,28(3):281-287.SHEN Yang,ZHOU Jian,GONG Xiao-nan.Analysis on Ability of HCA to Imitate Cyclic Principal Stress Rotation Under Constant Confining Pressure[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2006,28(3):281-287.
[15]杨立伟.主应力轴旋转情况下原状软黏土应力应变试验研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2009.YANG Li-wei.Experimental Study on Effect of Variation of Principal Stress Orientation on Intact Soft Clay[D].Hangzhou:Zhejiang University,2009.
[16]熊焕,郭林,蔡袁强.主应力轴变化下非共轴对砂土剪胀特性影响[J].岩土力学,2017,38(1):133-140.XIONG Huan,GUO Lin,CAI Yuan-qiang.Effect of Non-coaxiality on Dilatancy of Sand Involving Principal Stress Axes Rotation[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2017,38(1):133-140.
[17]杜子博,钱建固,黄茂松.考虑主应力轴旋转效应的交通荷载下饱和软黏土变形特性试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2016,35(5):1031-1040.DU Zi-bo,QIAN Jian-gu,HUANG Mao-song.Experimental Study on Deformation Behavior of Saturated Soft Clay Under Traffic Loading Considering Effect of Principal Stress Rotation[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2016,35(5):1031-1040.
[18]杨彦豪,周建,周红星.主应力轴旋转条件下软黏土的非共轴研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2015,34(6):1258-1266.YANG Yan-hao,ZHOU Jian,ZHOU Hong-xing.Non-coaxial Behavior of Soft Clay Subjected to Principal[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2015,34(6):1258-1266.
[19]YANG Z X,LI X S,YANG J.Undrained Anisotropy and Rotational Shear in Granular Soil[J].Geotechnique,2007,57(4):371-384.
[20]孙海妹,王兰民,刘红玫,等.原状黄土的反压饱和法试验研究[J].防灾减灾工程学报,2010,30(1):98-102.SUN Hai-mei,WANG Lan-min,LIU Hong-mei,et al.Experimental Study on the Back Pressure Saturation Method of Undisturbed Loess[J].Journal of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Engineering,2010,30(1):98-102.
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