煤炭资源勘查中的煤层气兼探技术与方法
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摘要
煤层作为煤层气的地质载体,煤层气与煤炭资源兼探是国家矿产资源管理的强制性规定。通过近年来兼探项目的实践,梳理了煤炭资源勘查过程中涉及到的煤层气资源评价规范。在此基础上,从勘查思路、勘查方法、工作任务、报告编制等环节,明确了煤炭资源勘查过程中煤层气勘查方法。根据煤层气勘查方法的特殊性,总结了兼探过程中煤层气地震、测井、钻井、录井、排采等技术及工程质量验收方法,提出了煤炭资源勘查全过程煤层气勘查技术体系。分析发现,现有兼探方法和技术存在若干需要解决的技术问题,如勘查规范滞后、煤炭与煤层气综合勘查缺乏技术标准体系、瓦斯采样方法落后、煤炭资源勘查实施方案审查中对煤层气兼探技术方案把关不严等。由此,进一步提出了相关的对策和建议,包括及时修订DZ/T 0215—2002《煤、泥炭地质勘查规范》、瓦斯采样采用绳索取心技术、将瓦斯地质工作纳入煤层气地质工作体系、在低含气量矿区先期进行煤层气资源潜力评价等。
The coal seam serves as a geological carrier for CBM, and exploration of CBM and coal resources is a mandatory requirement for the management of national mineral resources. Based on the practice of project exploration in recent years, it analyzed the evaluation criteria of CBM resources in the process of coal resources exploration. On this basis, the exploration ideas, exploration methods, tasks, report preparations have proposed a method system for CBM in the exploration of coal resources. According to the particularity of CBM exploration work methods, CBM seismic, well logging, drilling, well log, gas drainage, and engineering quality acceptance methods are summarized, and CBM gas exploration technology system in the exploration of coal resources is proposed. The analysis shows that there are some technical problems that need to be solved in the existing methods and techniques, such as the lag of the standard of exploration, the lack of technical standard system for the comprehensive exploration of coal and CBM, the backwardness of the gas sampling method, and the strict control of the exploration scheme in the review of the implementation scheme of coal resources exploration. Therefore, the relevant countermeasures and suggestions are put forward, including the timely revision of the coal and peat Geological Survey(DZ/T 0215-2002), the gas sampling using the rope coring technology, the integration of gas geological work into the CBM geological work system, and the evaluation of the potential of CBM resources in the earlier exploration stage of the low gas content mining area.
The coal seam serves as a geological carrier for CBM, and exploration of CBM and coal resources is a mandatory requirement for the management of national mineral resources. Based on the practice of project exploration in recent years, it analyzed the evaluation criteria of CBM resources in the process of coal resources exploration. On this basis, the exploration ideas, exploration methods, tasks, report preparations have proposed a method system for CBM in the exploration of coal resources. According to the particularity of CBM exploration work methods, CBM seismic, well logging, drilling, well log, gas drainage, and engineering quality acceptance methods are summarized, and CBM gas exploration technology system in the exploration of coal resources is proposed. The analysis shows that there are some technical problems that need to be solved in the existing methods and techniques, such as the lag of the standard of exploration, the lack of technical standard system for the comprehensive exploration of coal and CBM, the backwardness of the gas sampling method, and the strict control of the exploration scheme in the review of the implementation scheme of coal resources exploration. Therefore, the relevant countermeasures and suggestions are put forward, including the timely revision of the coal and peat Geological Survey(DZ/T 0215-2002), the gas sampling using the rope coring technology, the integration of gas geological work into the CBM geological work system, and the evaluation of the potential of CBM resources in the earlier exploration stage of the low gas content mining area.
引文
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[11]李献水,陈平.煤炭资源勘查规范的进步与发展:新型煤炭资源地质勘查法规体系的构建思维[J].中国煤田地质,2007(1):1-3.LI Xianshui,CHEN Ping.Progress and development of coal geological resources exploration criterion:The way build up a new type law and regulation system for coal resources geological exploration[J].Coal Geology of China,2007(1):1-3.
[12]徐水师,王佟,孙升林,等.中国煤炭资源综合勘查技术新体系架构[J].中国煤炭地质,2009,21(6):1-5.XU Shuishi,WANG Tong,SUN Shenglin,et al.New architecture of integrated coal resource exploration technology in China[J].Coal Geology of China,2009,21(6):1-5.
[13]程爱国.我国煤炭地质勘查标准化体系建设及展望[J].中国煤田地质,2006,18(2):1-4.CHENG Aiguo.Construction and exploration of coal geological exploration standardization system in China[J].Coal Geology of China,2006,18(2):1-4.
[14]董银涛,张遂安,杨立源,等.考虑地质因素的煤层气井井位优选技术:以韩城地区为例[J].中国煤炭地质,2016,28(1):18-22.DONG Yintao,ZHANG Sui’an,YANG Liyuan,et al.CBMwells layout optimization considering geological factors:Acase study in Hancheng area[J].Coal Geology of China,2016,28(1):18-22.
[15]苏俊.煤层气勘探开发方法与技术[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2011:52-53.
[16]王恩树,贾世亮.煤层气录井方法的分析及应用[J].录井工程,1998,9(4):61-66.WANG Enshu,JIA Shiliang.Analysis and application of CBMwell logging method[J].Mud Logging Engineering,1998,9(4):61-66.
[17]陈志胜.煤层气井常用试井方法及应用[J].陕西煤炭,2003(1):40-42.CHEN Zhisheng.Methods for common well-testing seam gas well and its application[J].Shaanxi Coal,2003(1):40-42.
[2]胡千庭,赵旭生.中国煤与瓦斯突出事故现状及其预防的对策建议[J].矿业安全与环保,2012,39(5):1-6.HU Qianting,ZHAO Xusheng.Current situation of coal and gas outburst accidents and preventive countermeasures in China[J].Mining Safety and Environmental Protection,2012,39(5):1-6.
[3]李景明,巢海燕,李小军,等.中国煤层气资源特点及开发对策[J].天然气工业,2009,29(4):9-13.LI Jingming,CHAO Haiyan,LI Xiaojun,et al.Characteristics and development countermeasures of coalbed gas resources in China[J].Natural Gas Industry,2009,29(4):9-13.
[4]赵欣,程爱国,潘海洋,等.煤炭资源勘查过程中煤层气资源评价技术研究[J].煤炭科学技术,2017,45(11):180-186.ZHAO Xin,CHENG Aiguo,PAN Haiyang,et al.Study on evaluation of CBM in coal resources exploration process[J].Coal Science and Technology,2017,45(11):180-186.
[5]吴财芳,曾勇,秦勇.煤与瓦斯共采技术的研究现状及其应用发展[J].中国矿业大学学报,2004,33(2):13-16.WU Caifang,ZENG Yong,QIN Yong.Present situation application and development of simultaneous extraction of coal and gas[J].Journal of China University of Mining and Technology,2004,33(2):13-16.
[6]谢和平,周宏伟,薛东杰,等.我国煤与瓦斯共采:理论、技术与工程[J].煤炭学报,2014,39(8):1391-1397.XIE Heping,ZHOU Hongwei,XUE Dongjie,et al.Theory,technology and engineering of simultaneous exploitation of coal and gas in China[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2014,39(8):1391-1397.
[7]张新民,郑玉柱.煤层气与煤炭资源协调开发浅析[J].煤田地质与勘探,2009,37(3):19-22.ZHANG Xinmin,ZHENG Yuzhu.Analysis on coordinated development of CBM and coal resource[J].Coal Geology&Exploration,2009,37(3):19-22.
[8]秦勇,袁亮,胡千庭,等.我国煤层气勘探与开发技术现状及发展方向[J].煤炭科学技术,2012,40(10):1-6.QIN Yong,YUAN Liang,HU Qianting,et al.Status and development orientation of coal bed methane exploration and development technology in China[J].Coal Science and Technology,2012,40(10):1-6.
[9]国土资源部.煤、泥炭地质勘查规范:DZ/T 0215-2002[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2003.
[10]国家质量监督检验检疫局,国家标准化管理委员会.煤层气勘查技术规范:GB/T 29119-2012[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2013.
[11]李献水,陈平.煤炭资源勘查规范的进步与发展:新型煤炭资源地质勘查法规体系的构建思维[J].中国煤田地质,2007(1):1-3.LI Xianshui,CHEN Ping.Progress and development of coal geological resources exploration criterion:The way build up a new type law and regulation system for coal resources geological exploration[J].Coal Geology of China,2007(1):1-3.
[12]徐水师,王佟,孙升林,等.中国煤炭资源综合勘查技术新体系架构[J].中国煤炭地质,2009,21(6):1-5.XU Shuishi,WANG Tong,SUN Shenglin,et al.New architecture of integrated coal resource exploration technology in China[J].Coal Geology of China,2009,21(6):1-5.
[13]程爱国.我国煤炭地质勘查标准化体系建设及展望[J].中国煤田地质,2006,18(2):1-4.CHENG Aiguo.Construction and exploration of coal geological exploration standardization system in China[J].Coal Geology of China,2006,18(2):1-4.
[14]董银涛,张遂安,杨立源,等.考虑地质因素的煤层气井井位优选技术:以韩城地区为例[J].中国煤炭地质,2016,28(1):18-22.DONG Yintao,ZHANG Sui’an,YANG Liyuan,et al.CBMwells layout optimization considering geological factors:Acase study in Hancheng area[J].Coal Geology of China,2016,28(1):18-22.
[15]苏俊.煤层气勘探开发方法与技术[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2011:52-53.
[16]王恩树,贾世亮.煤层气录井方法的分析及应用[J].录井工程,1998,9(4):61-66.WANG Enshu,JIA Shiliang.Analysis and application of CBMwell logging method[J].Mud Logging Engineering,1998,9(4):61-66.
[17]陈志胜.煤层气井常用试井方法及应用[J].陕西煤炭,2003(1):40-42.CHEN Zhisheng.Methods for common well-testing seam gas well and its application[J].Shaanxi Coal,2003(1):40-42.