基于Simulink液压举升缸内部缓冲机构设计分析
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摘要
液压举升系统缓冲回路不仅使得系统结构复杂,而且无法实现整个举升行程的全覆盖,当运行到行程终点时,无法实现缓冲。自卸式车辆由于在举升终点要实现平稳卸货,因此需要采用其他方式实现缓冲。根据自卸车液压举升机构的结构特点,对缓冲装置进行设计,在液压缸的端部设计缓冲装置,对其工作过程进行分析,基于Simulink搭建系统的分析模型,对举升缸速度变化及各腔压力变化进行分析,并搭建液压举升机构试验台,对缓冲装置性能进行分析。对比分析可知:针对自卸车车辆设计的缓冲装置很好地实现各种举升工况性能的要求;缓冲装置作用使得系统在最大压力和最小压力均能实现稳定缓冲;举升缸伸长量模型分析结果和试验分析结果基本一致,表明设计分析的可靠性,为同类设计提供参考。
The buffer circuit of the hydraulic lifting system not only makes the system structure complexly,but also cannot achieve full coverage to the whole lifting stroke,when running to the end of the stroke,the buffer cannot be achieved.To achieve smooth discharge in the end of the dump truck lifting,another mean is used to achieve buffer.According to the structural characteristics of dump truck hydraulic lifting mechanism,the buffer device was designed,and the hydraulic cylinder end cushioning device was designed.The device work process was analyzed.The system analysis model was built based on Simulink and the speed change and each chamber pressure change of the lifting cylinder were analyzed.The sample hydraulic lifting mechanism for cushioning device performance analysis was built.Comparative analysis shows:cushioning device for dump truck can achieve good working conditions of various lifting performance requirements;buffer device makes the system achieve stable buffer under the maximum pressure and minimum pressure;the analysis results and the test results of the lifting cylinder elongation are consistent,indicating the reliability of the design and analysis.It provides reference for similar design.
The buffer circuit of the hydraulic lifting system not only makes the system structure complexly,but also cannot achieve full coverage to the whole lifting stroke,when running to the end of the stroke,the buffer cannot be achieved.To achieve smooth discharge in the end of the dump truck lifting,another mean is used to achieve buffer.According to the structural characteristics of dump truck hydraulic lifting mechanism,the buffer device was designed,and the hydraulic cylinder end cushioning device was designed.The device work process was analyzed.The system analysis model was built based on Simulink and the speed change and each chamber pressure change of the lifting cylinder were analyzed.The sample hydraulic lifting mechanism for cushioning device performance analysis was built.Comparative analysis shows:cushioning device for dump truck can achieve good working conditions of various lifting performance requirements;buffer device makes the system achieve stable buffer under the maximum pressure and minimum pressure;the analysis results and the test results of the lifting cylinder elongation are consistent,indicating the reliability of the design and analysis.It provides reference for similar design.
引文
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[18]李晓锋,吴涛.基于AMESim的自卸汽车举升机构的建模与仿真[J].机床与液压,2012,40(11):138-141.LI X F,WU T.Modeling and Simulation of Lifting Mechanismof Dump Truck Based on AMESim[J].Machine Tool&Hydraulics,2012,40(11):138-141.
[19]王晓燕,陈龙淼,徐亚栋,等.基于ADAMS的自动装填系统举升机构液压系统仿真与闭环控制[J].机床与液压,2015,43(13):75-77.WANG X Y,CHEN L M,XU Y D,et al.Simulation andClosed-loop Control of Elevating Conveyer of AutomaticLoading System Based on ADAMS Module[J].MachineTool&Hydraulics,2015,43(13):75-77.
[20]王岩,杨耀东,冯雅丽,等.举升缸缓冲装置设计与仿真分析[J].机床与液压,2011,39(20):73-75.WANG Y,YANG Y D,FENG Y L,et al.Buffered DeviceDesign and Simulation Analysis for the Hydraulic Lift Cylin-der[J].Machine Tool&Hydraulics,2011,39(20):73-75.
[21]杨耀东,陈玲,董翠艳,等.基于ADAMS的多级液压油缸建模与仿真[J].机床与液压,2006,34(11):216-217.YANG Y D,CHEN L,DONG C Y,et al.ADAMS BasedModeling and Simulating for Multistage Hydraulic Cylin-der[J].Machine Tool&Hydraulics,2006,34(11):216-217.
[22]陈召国,丁凡.基于CFD的高速液压缸缓冲过程研究[J].机床与液压,2008,36(11):45-47.CHEN Z G,DING F.Study on Buffering Process of HighSpeed Hydraulic Cylinder Based on CFD[J].MachineTool&Hydraulics,2008,36(11):45-47.
[23]马斌强,顿文涛,郭洁,等.基于ADAMS的平行四连杆液压举升机构的仿真设计[J].河南农业大学学报,2012,46(6):664-667.MA B Q,DUN W T,GUO J,et al.Simulating Design ofHydraulic Lifting Mechanisms Consisting of Four ParallelConnecting Rods Based on ADAMS[J].Journal of HenanAgricultural University,2012,46(6):664-667.
[24]谢国庆,周晓明,金梁斌.基于AMESim的电液位置控制系统动态性能仿真分析及优化[J].机床与液压,2014,42(4):47-49.XIE G Q,ZHOU X M,JIN L B.Simulation Analysis andOptimization of Dynamic Performance for Electro-hydrau-lic Position Control System Based on AMESim[J].Ma-chine Tool&Hydraulics,2014,42(4):47-49.
[2]SCHROEDER C,DUCHOW A.Heavy Truck Handling Per-formance Analysis in Vehicle Test and Computer Simulation[J].Tire Science&Technology,2007,35(2):119-131.
[3]FERRY W B,FRISE P R,ANDREWS G T.Combining Vir-tual Simulation and Physical Vehicle Test Data to OptimizeDurability Testing[J].Fatigue and Fracture of EngineeringMaterials and Structures,2012,35(12):1127-1133.
[4]WEI X,SAI C F GEORG T M.Agent-based CompostableSimulation for Virtual Prototyping of Fluid Power System[J].Computers in Industry,2014,64(3):237-251.
[5]SHINJI N M,TSUGIHARU M.Analysis of Response Lag inHydraulic Power Steering System[J].JSAE Review,2010,31(1):41-46.
[6]钱立军,吴阳年,黄伟.重型自卸车举升结构件改进设计及分析[J].汽车工程,2008,30(1):69-72.QIAN L J,WU Y N,HUANG W.Improvement Design andAnalysis of Lifting Mechanism Parts in Heavy-duty DumpTruck[J].Automotive Engineering,2008,30(1):69-72.
[7]高钦和,黄先祥,王孙安.含多级油缸的液压举升系统智能PID控制研究[J].中国机械工程,2007,18(6):662-665.GAO Q H,HUANG X X,WANG S A.Study on IntelligentPID Control of Hydraulically Driven Lift System with Multi-stage Hydraulic Cylinder[J].China Mechanical Engineer-ing,2007,18(6):662-665.
[8]严诺,郭亚军,王虎.基于AMESim的液压举升系统特性研究[J].四川兵工学报,2015,36(2):73-75.YAN N,GUO Y J,WANG H.Characteristics Research ofHydraulic Lifting System Based AMESim[J].Journal of Si-chuan Ordnance,2015,36(2):73-75.
[9]阚萍,钱立军,黄伟.自卸车举升结构件改进设计及分析[J].合肥工业大学学报(自然科学版),2008,31(1):134-137.KANG P,QIAN L J,HUANG W.Improvement in a Part ofthe Lifting Mechanism in a Dump Truck and ComparativeAnalysis[J].Journal of Hefei University of Technology(Natural Science),2008,31(1):134-137.
[10]孙光旭,袁端才.液压剪叉式升降台的动力学仿真[J].系统仿真学报,2010,22(11):2650-2653.SUN G X,YUAN D C.Dynamics Simulation of ScissorsElevating Platform Powered Hydraulic Cylinder[J].Jour-nal of System Simulation,2010,22(11):2650-2653.
[11]郭浩亮,穆希辉,吕凯,等.剪叉式升降台的仿真及优化设计研究[J].机械设计与制造,2015(10):93-95.GUO H L,MU X H,LV K,et al.Simulation and OptimalDesign of Scissors Lifts[J].Machinery Design&Manufac-ture,2015(10):93-95.
[12]周生保,程斐,赵静一,等.基于ADAMS的轻型自卸车液压举升机构的优化设计[J].机床与液压,2011,39(24):77-79.ZHOU B S,CHENG F,ZHAO J Y,et al.Optimization De-sign of Light Dump Truck Hydraulic Lifting MechanismBased on ADAMS[J].Machine Tool&Hydraulics,2011,39(24):77-79.
[13]尹辉俊.虚拟环境下自卸车举升机构的运动仿真与优化[J].机械设计,2006,23(5):30-32.YIN H J.Movement Simulation and Optimization on LiftingMechanism of Tipper under Virtual Environment[J].Jour-nal of Machine Design,2006,23(5):30-32.
[14]TOM W.Hydraulic Power Steering System Design and Op-timization Simulation[J].ASME International MechanicalEngineering,2008,65(7):1131-1143.
[15]张义智,李建国.液压举升机构平稳性的研究[J].液压与气动,2002(3):10-11.ZHANG Y Z,LI J G.A Study on the Stability of HydraulicLifting Mechanism and Relevant Measures[J].ChineseHydraulics&Pneumatics,2002(3):10-11.
[16]范钦满,吴永海,徐诚.基于iSIGHT的机-液耦合举升机构的优化设计[J].机械设计与制造,2009(7):39-41.FAN Q M,WU Y H,XU C.Optimization Design of a Me-chanic-hydraulic Coupled Lifting Mechanism Based on iSIGHT[J].Machinery Design&Manufacture,2009(7):39-41.
[17]孙静,王新民,金国举.基于AMESim的液压位置控制系统动态特性研究[J].机床与液压,2012,40(11):120-122.SUN J,WANG X M,JIN G J.Study on Dynamic Charac-teristics of Hydraulic Position Control System Based onAMESim[J].Machine Tool&Hydraulics,2012,40(11):120-122.
[18]李晓锋,吴涛.基于AMESim的自卸汽车举升机构的建模与仿真[J].机床与液压,2012,40(11):138-141.LI X F,WU T.Modeling and Simulation of Lifting Mechanismof Dump Truck Based on AMESim[J].Machine Tool&Hydraulics,2012,40(11):138-141.
[19]王晓燕,陈龙淼,徐亚栋,等.基于ADAMS的自动装填系统举升机构液压系统仿真与闭环控制[J].机床与液压,2015,43(13):75-77.WANG X Y,CHEN L M,XU Y D,et al.Simulation andClosed-loop Control of Elevating Conveyer of AutomaticLoading System Based on ADAMS Module[J].MachineTool&Hydraulics,2015,43(13):75-77.
[20]王岩,杨耀东,冯雅丽,等.举升缸缓冲装置设计与仿真分析[J].机床与液压,2011,39(20):73-75.WANG Y,YANG Y D,FENG Y L,et al.Buffered DeviceDesign and Simulation Analysis for the Hydraulic Lift Cylin-der[J].Machine Tool&Hydraulics,2011,39(20):73-75.
[21]杨耀东,陈玲,董翠艳,等.基于ADAMS的多级液压油缸建模与仿真[J].机床与液压,2006,34(11):216-217.YANG Y D,CHEN L,DONG C Y,et al.ADAMS BasedModeling and Simulating for Multistage Hydraulic Cylin-der[J].Machine Tool&Hydraulics,2006,34(11):216-217.
[22]陈召国,丁凡.基于CFD的高速液压缸缓冲过程研究[J].机床与液压,2008,36(11):45-47.CHEN Z G,DING F.Study on Buffering Process of HighSpeed Hydraulic Cylinder Based on CFD[J].MachineTool&Hydraulics,2008,36(11):45-47.
[23]马斌强,顿文涛,郭洁,等.基于ADAMS的平行四连杆液压举升机构的仿真设计[J].河南农业大学学报,2012,46(6):664-667.MA B Q,DUN W T,GUO J,et al.Simulating Design ofHydraulic Lifting Mechanisms Consisting of Four ParallelConnecting Rods Based on ADAMS[J].Journal of HenanAgricultural University,2012,46(6):664-667.
[24]谢国庆,周晓明,金梁斌.基于AMESim的电液位置控制系统动态性能仿真分析及优化[J].机床与液压,2014,42(4):47-49.XIE G Q,ZHOU X M,JIN L B.Simulation Analysis andOptimization of Dynamic Performance for Electro-hydrau-lic Position Control System Based on AMESim[J].Ma-chine Tool&Hydraulics,2014,42(4):47-49.
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