宜昌峡东地区埃迪卡拉系陡山沱组疑源类化石新材料及其生物地层学意义
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摘要
在湖北宜昌秭归青林口剖面埃迪卡拉系陡山沱组二段燧石结核中发现大量微体化石,其中包括大型带刺疑源类8属9种(含1个未定种):Appendisphaera?hemisphaerica,A.magnifica,Dicrospinasphaera zhangii,Eotylotopalla dactylos,Mengeosphaera chadianensis,Taedigerasphaera lappacea,Tanariumsp.,Tianzhushania spinosa,以及Variomargosphaeridium lithoschum。同时在宜昌秭归金瓜墩剖面陡山沱组二段发现一些新的具刺疑源类化石材料,结合过去的报道,总结该剖面陡山沱组二段的疑源类化石组成:共7属9种(含3个未定种和1个相似种),及1个不定种,包括Appendisphaera magnifica,Appendisphaera sp.,Dicrospinasphaera zhangii,Knollisphaeridiumsp.,Mengeosphaera chadianensis,Mengeosphaera sp.indet.,Tianzhushania spinosa,Variomargosphaeridium lithoschum,Weissiella cf.brevis,以及Weissiella sp.。在宜昌三斗坪九龙湾剖面陡山沱组二段发现具刺疑源类Variomargosphaeridium lithoschum。这些化石材料丰富了对峡东地区陡山沱组二段具刺疑源类化石组成的认识,表明峡东地区陡山沱组具刺疑源类下组合与上组合在化石组成上的差别或许小于过去的认识。
Diverse and abundant acanthomorphic acritarchs,which in recent years have emerged as a useful biostratigraphic tool for the subdivision and correlation of the lower Ediacaran,occur in the Ediacaran Doushantuo Formation in the Yangtze Gorges area, South China. Two acritarch assemblages have been established in the lower and upper Doushantuo Formation,respectively,in the Yangtze Gorges area.Their correlations with Ediacaran acritarch assemblages outside the Yangtze Gorges area,however,are open to debate.Here we report microfossils discovered from Member II chert nodules of the Doushantuo Formation in the Qinglinkou and Jinguadun section of the Yangtze Gorges area.The Qinglinkou microfossil assemblage contains cyanobacteria,acritarchs and multicellular algae,from which 8genera and 9species of large acanthomorphic acritarchs were identified:Appendisphaera?hemisphaerica,A.magnifica,Dicrospinasphaera zhangii,Eotylotopalla dactylos, Mengeosphaera chadianensis,Taedigerasphaera lappacea, Tanarium sp.,Tianzhushania spinosa,and Variomargosphaeridium lithoschum.The Jinguadun microfossil assemblage includes 7genera and 9species of large acanthomorphic acritarchs:Appendisphaera magnifica,Appendisphaera sp.,Dicrospinasphaera zhangii,Knollisphaeridium sp.,Mengeosphaera chadianensis, Mengeosphaera sp. indet.,Tianzhushania spinosa,Variomargosphaeridium lithoschum,Weissiella cf.brevis,and Weissiella sp..In addition,one specimen of Variomargosphaeridium lithoschum was discovered in the Jiulongwan section. Among these microfossils,Taedigerasphaera lappacea has been previously described only in Weng'an,Guizhou Province,and Variomargosphaeridium and Weissiella are for the first time reported in Member II of Doushantuo Formation in the Yangtze Gorges area.The discovery of these microfossils indicates that the acritarch assemblage in the lower Doushantuo Formation may be more diverse than previously thought,and the radiation of large acanthomorphic acritarchs may take place soon after the termination of the Neoproterozoic global glaciation.
Diverse and abundant acanthomorphic acritarchs,which in recent years have emerged as a useful biostratigraphic tool for the subdivision and correlation of the lower Ediacaran,occur in the Ediacaran Doushantuo Formation in the Yangtze Gorges area, South China. Two acritarch assemblages have been established in the lower and upper Doushantuo Formation,respectively,in the Yangtze Gorges area.Their correlations with Ediacaran acritarch assemblages outside the Yangtze Gorges area,however,are open to debate.Here we report microfossils discovered from Member II chert nodules of the Doushantuo Formation in the Qinglinkou and Jinguadun section of the Yangtze Gorges area.The Qinglinkou microfossil assemblage contains cyanobacteria,acritarchs and multicellular algae,from which 8genera and 9species of large acanthomorphic acritarchs were identified:Appendisphaera?hemisphaerica,A.magnifica,Dicrospinasphaera zhangii,Eotylotopalla dactylos, Mengeosphaera chadianensis,Taedigerasphaera lappacea, Tanarium sp.,Tianzhushania spinosa,and Variomargosphaeridium lithoschum.The Jinguadun microfossil assemblage includes 7genera and 9species of large acanthomorphic acritarchs:Appendisphaera magnifica,Appendisphaera sp.,Dicrospinasphaera zhangii,Knollisphaeridium sp.,Mengeosphaera chadianensis, Mengeosphaera sp. indet.,Tianzhushania spinosa,Variomargosphaeridium lithoschum,Weissiella cf.brevis,and Weissiella sp..In addition,one specimen of Variomargosphaeridium lithoschum was discovered in the Jiulongwan section. Among these microfossils,Taedigerasphaera lappacea has been previously described only in Weng'an,Guizhou Province,and Variomargosphaeridium and Weissiella are for the first time reported in Member II of Doushantuo Formation in the Yangtze Gorges area.The discovery of these microfossils indicates that the acritarch assemblage in the lower Doushantuo Formation may be more diverse than previously thought,and the radiation of large acanthomorphic acritarchs may take place soon after the termination of the Neoproterozoic global glaciation.
引文
An Zhi-hui(安志辉),Tong Jin-nan(童金南),Ye Qin(叶琴),TianLi(田力),Song Hu-yue(宋虎跃),Zhao Xiao-ming(赵小明),2014.Neoproterozoic stratigraphic sequence and sedimentaryevolution at Qinglinkou Section,East Yangtze area.EarthSciences-Journal of China University of Geosciences(地球科学———中国地质大学学报),39(7):795—806(in Chinese withEnglish abstract).
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Jiang Gan-qing,Shi Xiao-ying,Zhang Shi-hong,Wang Yue,Xiao Shuhai,2011.Stratigraphy and paleogeography of the EdiacaranDoushantuo Formation(ca.635–551 Ma)in South China.Gondwana Research,19(4):831—849.
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Liu Peng-ju,Chen Shou-ming,Zhu Mao-yan,Li Meng,Yin Chongyu,Shang Xiao-dong,2014b.High-resolution biostratigraphicand chemostratigraphic data from the Chenjiayuanzi section ofthe Doushantuo Formation in the Yangtze Gorges area,SouthChina:implication for subdivision and global correlation of theEdiacaran System.Precambrian Research,249:199—214.
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Moczydowska M,Nagovitsin K E,2012.Ediacaran radiation oforganic-walled microbiota recorded in the Ura Formation,PatomUplift,East Siberia.Precambrian Research,198-199:1—24.
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Sawaki Y,Ohno T,Tahata M,Komiya T,Hirata T,Maruyama S,Windley B F,Han Jian,Shu De-gan,Li Yong,2010.The Ediacaran radiogenic Sr isotope excursion in the Doushantuo Formation in the Three Gorges area,South China.PrecambrianResearch,176(1-4):46—64.
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Chen Shou-ming(陈寿铭),Yin Chong-yu(尹崇玉),Liu Peng-ju(刘鹏举),Gao Lin-zhi(高林志),Tang Feng(唐烽),Wang Ziqiang(王自强),2010.Microfossil assemblages from chert nodules of the Ediacaran Doushantuo Formation in Zhangcunping,northern Yichang,South China.Acta Geologica Sinica(地质学报),84(1):70—77(in Chinese with English abstract).
Golubkova EY,Raevskaya E G,Kuznetsov A B,2010.LowerVendian microfossil assemblages of East Siberia:Significancefor solving regional stratigraphic problems.Stratigraphy andGeological Correlation,18(4):353—375.
Grey K,2005.Ediacaran palynology of Australia.Memoir of Association of Australasian Palaeontologists,31:1—439.
Jiang Gan-qing,Shi Xiao-ying,Zhang Shi-hong,Wang Yue,Xiao Shuhai,2011.Stratigraphy and paleogeography of the EdiacaranDoushantuo Formation(ca.635–551 Ma)in South China.Gondwana Research,19(4):831—849.
Knoll A H,1992,Vendian microfossils in metasedimentary cherts ofthe Scotia Group,Prins Karls Forland,Svalbard.Palaeontology,35(4):751—774.
Kolosova S P,1991.Late Precambrian acanthomorphic acritarchsfrom the eastern Siberian Platform.Algologia,1:53—59(inRussian).
Liu Peng-ju,Chen Shou-ming,Zhu Mao-yan,Li Meng,Yin Chongyu,Shang Xiao-dong,2014b.High-resolution biostratigraphicand chemostratigraphic data from the Chenjiayuanzi section ofthe Doushantuo Formation in the Yangtze Gorges area,SouthChina:implication for subdivision and global correlation of theEdiacaran System.Precambrian Research,249:199—214.
Liu Peng-ju,Xiao Shu-hai,Yin Chong-yu,Chen Shou-ming,ZhouChuan-ming,Li Meng,2014a.Ediacaran acanthomorphic acritarchs and other microfossils from chert nodules of the upperDoushantuo Formation in the Yangtze Gorges area,SouthChina.Journal of Paleontology Memior,88(Supplement to 72):1—139.
Liu Peng-ju,Yin Chong-yu,2005.New data of phosphatized acritarchs from the Ediacaran Doushantuo Formation at Weng'an,Guizhou Province,Southwest China.Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition),79(5):575—581.
Liu Peng-ju,Yin Chong-yu,Chen Shou-ming,Tang Feng,Gao Linzhi,2013.The biostratigraphic succession of acanthomorphicacritarchs of the Ediacaran Doushantuo Formation in the Yangtze Gorges area,South China and its biostratigraphic correlationwith Australia.Precambrian Research,225:29—43.
Liu Peng-ju(刘鹏举),Yin Chong-yu(尹崇玉),Gao Lin-zhi(高林志),Tang Feng(唐烽),Chen Shou-ming(陈寿铭),2009.New material of microfossils from the Ediacaran DoushantuoFormation in the Zhangcunping area,Yichang,Hubei Provinceand its zircon SHRIMP U-Pb age.Chinese Science Bulletin(科学通报),54(6):774—780(in Chinese with English abstract).
McFadden K A,Huang Jing,Chu Xue-lei,Jiang Gan-qing,KaufmanA J,Zhou Chuan-ming,Yuan Xun-lai,Xiao Shu-hai,2008.Pulsed oxidation and biological evolution in the Ediacaran Doushantuo Formation.Proceedings of the National Academy ofSciences,105(9):3197—3202.
McFadden K A,Xiao Shu-hai,Zhou Chuan-ming,Kowalewski M,2009.Quantitative evaluation of the biostratigraphic distribution of acanthomorphic acritarchs in the Ediacaran DoushantuoFormation in the Yangtze Gorges area,South China.Precambrian Research,173:170—190.
Moczydowska M,2005.Taxonomic review of some Ediacaran acritarchs from the Siberian Platform.Precambrian Research,136(3-4):283—307.
Moczydowska M,Nagovitsin K E,2012.Ediacaran radiation oforganic-walled microbiota recorded in the Ura Formation,PatomUplift,East Siberia.Precambrian Research,198-199:1—24.
Moczydowska M,Vidal G,Rudavskaya V A,1993.Neoproterozoic(Vendian)phytoplankton from the Siberian Platform,Yakutia.Palaeontology,36:495—521.
Narbonne G M,Xiao Shu-hai,Shields G A,Gehling J G,2012.Chapter 18-The Ediacaran Period.In:Gradstein F M,Ogg JG,Schmitz M D,Ogg G M(eds.),The Geologic Time Scale.Boston:Elsevier.413—435.
Sawaki Y,Ohno T,Tahata M,Komiya T,Hirata T,Maruyama S,Windley B F,Han Jian,Shu De-gan,Li Yong,2010.The Ediacaran radiogenic Sr isotope excursion in the Doushantuo Formation in the Three Gorges area,South China.PrecambrianResearch,176(1-4):46—64.
Sergeev V N,Knoll A H,Vorob’eva N G,2011.Ediacaran microfossils from the Ura Formation,Baikal-Patom Uplift,Siberia:Taxonomy and biostratigraphic significance.Journal of Paleontology,85(5):987—1011.
Tiwari M,Knoll A H,1994.Large acanthomorphic acritarchs fromthe Infrakrol Formation of the Lesser Himalaya and their stratigraphic significance.Journal of Himalayan Geology,5(2):193—201.
Vidal G,1990.Giant acanthomorph acritarchs from the upperProterozoic in southern Norway.Palaeontology,33:287—298.
Vorob’eva N G,Sergeev V N,Chumakov N M,2008.New finds ofearly Vendian microfossils in the Ura Formation:Revision of thePatom Supergroup age,Middle Siberia.Doklady Earth Sciences,419(2):411—416.
Vorob’eva N G,Sergeev V N,Knoll A H,2009a.Neoproterozoicmicrofossils from the margin of the East European Platform andthe search for a biostratigraphic model of lower Ediacaranrocks.Precambrian Research,173(1):163—169.
Vorob’eva N G,Sergeev V N,Knoll A H,2009b.Neoproterozoicmicrofossils from the northeastern margin of the East EuropeanPlatform.Journal of Paleontology,83(2):161—196.
Willman S,Moczydowska M,2008.Ediacaran acritarch biota fromthe Giles 1drillhole,Officer Basin,Australia,and its potentialfor biostratigraphic correlation.Precambrian Research,162(3):498—530.
Xiao Shu-hai,2004.New multicellular algal fossils and acritarchs inDoushantuo chert nodules(Neoproterozoic;Yangtze Gorges,South China).Journal of Paleontology,78(2):393—401.
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