2009—2015年乌鲁木齐市长途卡车司机艾滋病哨点监测结果分析
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摘要
目的了解2009—2015年乌鲁木齐市长途卡车(长卡)司机艾滋病知识、行为特征及人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)、梅毒和丙型肝炎(丙肝)感染率的变化趋势,为艾滋病综合防治和科学干预提供信息和依据。方法通过横断面的调查方法,对艾滋病哨点监测的长卡司机进行行为学调查及HIV、梅毒、丙肝病毒的血清学检测。结果 2009—2015年共检出HIV抗体阳性9例,阳性率0.3%,7年间HIV感染率无显著变化(趋势χ~2=30.12,P>0.05);梅毒16例,感染率0.6%,梅毒感染率显著上升(趋势χ~2=14.66,P<0.01);丙肝33例,阳性率1.2%,感染率维持在一个稳定的水平(趋势χ~2=13.01,P>0.05)。长卡司机最近1年商业性行为比例显著下降(χ~2=35.39,P<0.01),最近1年商业性行为每次坚持使用安全套频率无显著变化(χ~2=30.12,P>0.05),最近1次商业性行为安全套使用率年度间无显著变化(χ~2=5.78,P>0.01)。结论乌鲁木齐市长卡司机HIV感染率总体水平较低,但梅毒感染率在逐年上升,对比HIV和梅毒,丙肝的总体感染率较高,今后在开展HIV综合干预时,也应注重梅毒和丙肝相关防治知识的宣传,从而达到控制艾滋病及其他性传播性疾病流行的目的。
[Objective]To understand the AIDS-related knowledge and behavior characteristics among long-distance truck drivers(DRV)in Urumqi from 2009-2015,analyze the change trend in infection rates of human immunodeficiency virus(HIV),syphilis and hepatitis C,and provide information and basis for comprehensive prevention and scientific intervention of AIDS.[Methods]Trough a cross-sectional survey,the behavioral survey and serological test on HIV,syphilis and hepatitis C among DRV of sentinel surveillance were performed.[Results]From 2009-2015,totally 9 positive cases of HIV antibody were found with the positive rate of 0.3%,and there was no significant change in infection rate of HIV in 7 years(χ~2_(trend)=30.12,P>0.05).There were 16 cases of syphilis with the infection rate of 0.6%,and the infection rate increased significantly(χ~2_(trend)=30.12,P>0.01). There were 33 cases of hepatitis C with the positive rate of 1.2%,and the positive rate was stable(χ~2_(trend)=13.01,P>0.05). The proportion of DRV had commercial sex behavior in last year significantly decreased(χ~2 =35.39,P >0.01). There was no significant difference in using condom at every commercial sex in last year(χ~2=30.12,P>0.05).The difference in rate of using condom in the last commercial sex act was not significant among different years(χ~2=5.78,P>0.01).[Conclusion]The infection rate of HIV among DRV in Urumqi but the infection rate of syphilis is increasing year by year. Compared with HIV and syphilis,the total infection rate of hepatitis C is high.While carrying out the comprehensive intervention of HIV,it is necessary to pay attention to publicity of knowledge about syphilis and hepatitis C prevention and control,to achieve the goal to control the epidemic situation of AIDS and other sexually transmitted diseases.
[Objective]To understand the AIDS-related knowledge and behavior characteristics among long-distance truck drivers(DRV)in Urumqi from 2009-2015,analyze the change trend in infection rates of human immunodeficiency virus(HIV),syphilis and hepatitis C,and provide information and basis for comprehensive prevention and scientific intervention of AIDS.[Methods]Trough a cross-sectional survey,the behavioral survey and serological test on HIV,syphilis and hepatitis C among DRV of sentinel surveillance were performed.[Results]From 2009-2015,totally 9 positive cases of HIV antibody were found with the positive rate of 0.3%,and there was no significant change in infection rate of HIV in 7 years(χ~2_(trend)=30.12,P>0.05).There were 16 cases of syphilis with the infection rate of 0.6%,and the infection rate increased significantly(χ~2_(trend)=30.12,P>0.01). There were 33 cases of hepatitis C with the positive rate of 1.2%,and the positive rate was stable(χ~2_(trend)=13.01,P>0.05). The proportion of DRV had commercial sex behavior in last year significantly decreased(χ~2 =35.39,P >0.01). There was no significant difference in using condom at every commercial sex in last year(χ~2=30.12,P>0.05).The difference in rate of using condom in the last commercial sex act was not significant among different years(χ~2=5.78,P>0.01).[Conclusion]The infection rate of HIV among DRV in Urumqi but the infection rate of syphilis is increasing year by year. Compared with HIV and syphilis,the total infection rate of hepatitis C is high.While carrying out the comprehensive intervention of HIV,it is necessary to pay attention to publicity of knowledge about syphilis and hepatitis C prevention and control,to achieve the goal to control the epidemic situation of AIDS and other sexually transmitted diseases.
引文
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[7]LIN CC,GAO X,CHEN X,et al.China’s Syphilis Epidemic:A Systematic Review of Seroprevalence Studies[J].SEX TRANSM DIS,2006,33(12):726-736.
[8]祁芳,谭学凤,徐开玲.赣榆县1 328名长卡司机艾滋病行为监测结果分析[J].医学动物防制,2013,29(9):1017-1018.
[9]FREITAS NR,TELES SA,MATOS MA,et al.Hepatitis C virus infection in Brazilian long-distance truck drivers[J].VIROL J,2010,7(1):1-6.
[10]赵晶,肖瑶.HIV/HCV共感染国内外研究进展[J].中国艾滋病性病,2009,15(1):94-96.
[11]何波,农丽萍,粟玉芳,等.广西边境地区长途卡车司机艾滋病相关高危行为及影响因素分析[J].实用预防医学,2015,22(2):137-140.
[2]赵久华,闫军伟,万亚男,等.国内外长途卡车司机艾滋病感染率及其影响因素的系统综述[J].现代预防医学,2014,41(11):1960-1962.
[3]朱丹红,黄凌飞.中央电视台东莞扫黄报道的框架分析[J].兰州大学学报(社会科学版),2014,42(4):59-64.
[4]李松,张小雷,李寿山,等.乌鲁木齐市天山区居住分异测度及变化分析——基于1982—2010年人口普查数据[J].干旱区资源与环境,2015,29(10):62-67.
[5]田秀红.上海市长途货运卡车司机艾滋病预防干预研究[D].上海:复旦大学,2009.
[6]何波,农丽萍.我国长途卡车司机艾滋病预防干预研究进展[J].山西医药杂志,2013,42(4):396-399.
[7]LIN CC,GAO X,CHEN X,et al.China’s Syphilis Epidemic:A Systematic Review of Seroprevalence Studies[J].SEX TRANSM DIS,2006,33(12):726-736.
[8]祁芳,谭学凤,徐开玲.赣榆县1 328名长卡司机艾滋病行为监测结果分析[J].医学动物防制,2013,29(9):1017-1018.
[9]FREITAS NR,TELES SA,MATOS MA,et al.Hepatitis C virus infection in Brazilian long-distance truck drivers[J].VIROL J,2010,7(1):1-6.
[10]赵晶,肖瑶.HIV/HCV共感染国内外研究进展[J].中国艾滋病性病,2009,15(1):94-96.
[11]何波,农丽萍,粟玉芳,等.广西边境地区长途卡车司机艾滋病相关高危行为及影响因素分析[J].实用预防医学,2015,22(2):137-140.
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